We introduce Trillion-7B-preview, a preview of our latest large language model designed to push the boundaries of multilingual scalability and performance.
When comparing performance to training FLOPs for Trillion-7B-preview with competitive models, our model pushes the Pareto frontier, achieving around 66.5% average performance while using significantly fewer compute (~9.3×10²² FLOPs). It outperforms models like Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.3 and SOLAR-10.7B-Instruct-v1.0 while remaining competitive with models requiring 3-8× more compute such as Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct and EXAONE-3.5-7.8B-Instruct. For full benchmark results, see tables below.
Type: Causal Language Model
Training Stage: Pre-training & Post-training
Architecture: Transformer Decoder with RoPE, SwiGLU, RMSNorm
Number of Parameters: 7.76B
Number of Layers: 32
Number of Attention Heads: 32
Context Length: 4,096
Number of Tokens seen: 2T
Vocab Size: 128,128
Quickstart
Here is a code snippet with apply_chat_template that demonstrates how to load the tokenizer and model and generate text.
importtorchfromtransformersimportAutoModelForCausalLM,AutoTokenizermodel_name="trillionlabs/Trillion-7B-preview"model=AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(model_name,torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16,device_map="auto")tokenizer=AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_name)prompt="Tell me a hilarious knock knock joke."messages=[{"role":"user","content":prompt}]text=tokenizer.apply_chat_template(messages,tokenize=False,add_generation_prompt=True)model_inputs=tokenizer([text],return_tensors="pt").to(model.device)generated_ids=model.generate(model_inputs["input_ids"],attention_mask=model_inputs["attention_mask"],max_new_tokens=512)generated_ids=[output_ids[len(input_ids):]forinput_ids,output_idsinzip(model_inputs.input_ids,generated_ids)]response=tokenizer.batch_decode(generated_ids,skip_special_tokens=True)[0]print(response)"""
Sure! Here's a classic knock-knock joke that's guaranteed to make you chuckle:
Knock, knock.
Who's there?
Lettuce.
Lettuce who?
Lettuce in, it's too cold out here!
"""
Evaluation
We select a wide variety of benchmarks that evaluate general reasoning, knowledge recall, coding abilities, mathematical reasoning, and instruction following capabilities. We evaluated Trillion-7B-preview along with several leading large language models of similar size. Our model especially demonstrates strong performance on Korean benchmarks.
Full evaluation settings
Benchmark
Language
Evaluation Setting
Metric
General Reasoning and Reading Comprehension
• HellaSwag
English
0-shot
accuracy
• TruthfulQA_mc1
English
6-shot
accuracy
• TruthfulQA_mc2
English
6-shot
accuracy
• ARC:C
English
0-shot
accuracy
• HAERAE
Korean
3-shot
accuracy
• KoBEST
Korean
5-shot
accuracy
• BBH
English
0-shot, CoT
accuracy
• xwinograd_en
English
0-shot
accuracy
• xwinograd_jp
Japanese
0-shot
accuracy
• xwinograd_zh
Chinese
0-shot
accuracy
Knowledge Recall
• KMMLU
Korean
5-shot
accuracy
• MMLU
English
5-shot
accuracy
• Global-MMLU-Lite-en
English
5-shot
accuracy
• Global-MMLU-Lite-ko
Korean
5-shot
accuracy
• Global-MMLU-Lite-ja
Japanese
5-shot
accuracy
• Global-MMLU-Lite-zh
Chinese
5-shot
accuracy
Coding
• HumanEval
English
0-shot, CoT
pass@1
• MBPP
English
0-shot, CoT
pass@1
Mathematical Reasoning
• GSM8k
English
0-shot, CoT
exact-match
• MATH
English
0-shot, CoT
exact-match
• GPQA
English
4-shot
accuracy
• HRM8k
Korean
0-shot, CoT
exact-match
Instruction Following and Chat
• IFEval
English
0-shot
strict-average
• koIFEval*
Korean
0-shot
strict-average
• MT-Bench**
English
LLM-as-a-judge (gpt-4o-2024-08-06)
LLM score
• KO-MT-Bench**
Korean
LLM-as-a-judge (gpt-4o-2024-08-06)
LLM score
• LogicKor**
Korean
LLM-as-a-judge (gpt-4o-2024-08-06)
LLM score
*Note that koIFEval is our in-house evaluation benchmark for assessing instruction-following capabilities in Korean.
**Note that MT-Bench, KO-MT-Bench, and LogicKor use a 10-point scale.