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Model: Ayansk11/FinSenti-Tiny-LLM-10M
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---
license: apache-2.0
language:
- en
base_model: arnir0/Tiny-LLM
datasets:
- Ayansk11/FinSenti-Dataset
pipeline_tag: text-generation
library_name: transformers
tags:
- finance
- financial-sentiment
- sentiment-analysis
- chain-of-thought
- reasoning
- grpo
- sft
- lora
- finsenti
---
# FinSenti-Tiny-LLM-10M
FinSenti-Tiny-LLM-10M is a 0.0B-parameter model fine-tuned to
read short financial text (headlines, earnings snippets, market commentary)
and explain its read of them before settling on positive, negative, or
neutral. It's the scaling-floor reference: a 10M-parameter model is barely above an embedding lookup, but with focused SFT + GRPO it can still hit a respectable format-compliance and consistency score on financial sentiment. Useful for showing where the recipe stops working, not for production use.
The model is part of the [FinSenti
collection](https://huggingface.co/collections/Ayansk11/finsenti), a
scaling study of small models trained on the same data with the same recipe.
## What it's good at
- Classifying short financial text (1-3 sentences) into positive / negative
/ neutral
- Producing a short reasoning chain you can read or log
- Following a strict `<reasoning>...</reasoning><answer>...</answer>` output
format that's easy to parse downstream
It was trained on news-style headlines and earnings snippets in English, so
that's where it shines. Outside that domain you'll see the format hold up
but the labels get noisier.
## How it was trained
Two-stage recipe, same across the whole FinSenti family:
1. **SFT** on the SFT train slice from the [FinSenti
dataset](https://huggingface.co/datasets/Ayansk11/FinSenti-Dataset)
(~15.2K balanced training samples, drawn from a
50.8K-sample pool with held-out val/test splits, chain-of-thought
targets generated by a teacher model and filtered for label agreement).
This stage took about 0.1 hours on a single A100 80GB
for this model.
2. **GRPO** with four reward functions (sentiment correctness, format
compliance, reasoning quality, output consistency), each weighted equally
for a maximum reward of 4.0. The training budget was 3000
steps with early stopping; the best checkpoint landed near step
~400 with a mean reward of approximately
**2.60 / 4.0** on the validation slice.
Trainer stack: PEFT + bitsandbytes (no Unsloth), using Unsloth's pre-quantized mirror
[`arnir0/Tiny-LLM`](https://huggingface.co/arnir0/Tiny-LLM) as the
loading shortcut for the upstream
[`arnir0/Tiny-LLM`](https://huggingface.co/arnir0/Tiny-LLM)
weights. LoRA adapters (r=16, alpha=32) were
trained on the attention and MLP projection layers, then merged into the
base weights before export, so this repo is a self-contained model and
doesn't need PEFT to load.
## Quick start
Standard `transformers` usage:
```python
from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer
import torch
model_id = "Ayansk11/FinSenti-Tiny-LLM-10M"
tok = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_id)
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(
model_id, torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16, device_map="auto"
)
system = (
"You are a financial sentiment analyst. For each headline you receive, "
"write a short reasoning chain inside <reasoning>...</reasoning> tags, "
"then give a single label inside <answer>...</answer> tags. The label "
"must be exactly one of: positive, negative, neutral."
)
user = "Apple beats Q4 estimates as iPhone sales jump 12% year over year."
messages = [
{"role": "system", "content": system},
{"role": "user", "content": user},
]
prompt = tok.apply_chat_template(messages, tokenize=False, add_generation_prompt=True)
inputs = tok(prompt, return_tensors="pt").to(model.device)
out = model.generate(**inputs, max_new_tokens=256, do_sample=False)
print(tok.decode(out[0][inputs.input_ids.shape[1]:], skip_special_tokens=True))
```
Expected output (your reasoning text will vary; the label should match):
```
<reasoning>
Beating estimates is a positive earnings surprise. A 12% YoY iPhone sales jump in the company's biggest product line points to demand strength. Both signals push the read positive.
</reasoning>
<answer>positive</answer>
```
## Prompt format
The model expects the system prompt above, verbatim is best. The user turn
is the headline or short snippet you want classified. Output is two XML-ish
blocks in this order: `<reasoning>...</reasoning>` then
`<answer>...</answer>`. The `<answer>` content is one of `positive`,
`negative`, or `neutral` (lowercase, no punctuation).
If you want labels only and don't care about the reasoning, you can stop
generation as soon as you see `</answer>` to save tokens.
## Performance notes
The training reward (max 4.0) hit **2.60** on the
held-out validation slice. That breaks down across the four reward
functions roughly as:
- Sentiment correctness: dominant contributor; the model gets the label
right on the validation split most of the time
- Format compliance: near-saturated by the end of GRPO; the model almost
always produces well-formed `<reasoning>` and `<answer>` tags
- Reasoning quality: judged on length and presence of finance-relevant
signal words; this one's the noisiest of the four
- Consistency: rewards stable labels across paraphrases of the same headline
Numbers on standard finance benchmarks (FPB, FiQA, Twitter Financial News)
are forthcoming and will be added once the eval pipeline lands.
## Hardware
At bf16 the weights are about 0.0 GB on disk and need ~1 GB of GPU memory for batch=1 inference. CPU inference is fine too: on a modern laptop you'll get a few tokens per second with the bf16 weights, and 15-30 tok/s with the GGUF Q4_K_M build.
## Limitations
A few things this model isn't built for:
- **Long documents.** Training context was capped at 1024
tokens. Anything much longer than a few paragraphs is out of distribution.
- **Multi-asset reasoning.** It classifies the sentiment of a single piece
of text. It won't aggregate across multiple headlines or weigh sources.
- **Numerical reasoning.** It can read "beats by 12%" and call that
positive, but it isn't doing math. Don't ask it to forecast.
- **Languages other than English.** Training data was English only.
- **Background knowledge.** If the headline needs you to know what a
company does, the model only has whatever was in its base pretraining.
It can't look anything up.
- **Three labels, hard cutoffs.** The output space is positive / negative /
neutral. If you need a 5-class scale or a continuous score, you'll need
to retrain or post-process.
## Training details
| | |
|---|---|
| Upstream base model | [arnir0/Tiny-LLM](https://huggingface.co/arnir0/Tiny-LLM) |
| Loading mirror | [arnir0/Tiny-LLM](https://huggingface.co/arnir0/Tiny-LLM) (Unsloth's pre-quantized copy) |
| Dataset | [Ayansk11/FinSenti-Dataset](https://huggingface.co/datasets/Ayansk11/FinSenti-Dataset) (~15.2K train per stage, 50.8K total across splits) |
| SFT length | ~0.1 hours on A100 80GB |
| GRPO budget | 3000 steps with early stopping (best near step ~400) |
| Best GRPO reward | ~2.60 / 4.0 |
| Adapter | LoRA (r=16, alpha=32) on q/k/v/o/gate/up/down projections |
| Sequence length | 1024 |
| Optimizer | AdamW (8-bit), cosine LR schedule |
| Hardware | NVIDIA A100 80GB (Indiana University BigRed200 cluster) |
| Frameworks | PEFT + bitsandbytes (no Unsloth) |
## Related FinSenti models
Other sizes and bases trained with the same recipe:
- **Qwen3**: [Qwen3-0.6B](https://huggingface.co/Ayansk11/FinSenti-Qwen3-0.6B), [Qwen3-1.7B](https://huggingface.co/Ayansk11/FinSenti-Qwen3-1.7B), [Qwen3-4B](https://huggingface.co/Ayansk11/FinSenti-Qwen3-4B), [Qwen3-8B](https://huggingface.co/Ayansk11/FinSenti-Qwen3-8B)
- **Qwen3.5**: [Qwen3.5-0.8B](https://huggingface.co/Ayansk11/FinSenti-Qwen3.5-0.8B), [Qwen3.5-2B](https://huggingface.co/Ayansk11/FinSenti-Qwen3.5-2B), [Qwen3.5-4B](https://huggingface.co/Ayansk11/FinSenti-Qwen3.5-4B), [Qwen3.5-9B](https://huggingface.co/Ayansk11/FinSenti-Qwen3.5-9B)
- **DeepSeek**: [DeepSeek-R1-1.5B](https://huggingface.co/Ayansk11/FinSenti-DeepSeek-R1-1.5B)
- **MobileLLM**: [MobileLLM-R1-950M](https://huggingface.co/Ayansk11/FinSenti-MobileLLM-R1-950M)
- **Llama-3**: [Llama-3.2-1B](https://huggingface.co/Ayansk11/FinSenti-Llama-3.2-1B)
- **SmolLM**: [SmolLM-1.7B](https://huggingface.co/Ayansk11/FinSenti-SmolLM-1.7B)
There's a GGUF build of this same model at
[Ayansk11/FinSenti-Tiny-LLM-10M-GGUF](https://huggingface.co/Ayansk11/FinSenti-Tiny-LLM-10M-GGUF) for Ollama and
llama.cpp, and the dataset itself is at
[Ayansk11/FinSenti-Dataset](https://huggingface.co/datasets/Ayansk11/FinSenti-Dataset).
If you're picking a size, a rough guide:
- **Need it on a phone or browser?** Look at the smallest model in the
group (Qwen3-0.6B) or its GGUF.
- **Laptop with no GPU?** Any model up to ~2B as Q4_K_M GGUF works.
- **Single 8-12 GB GPU?** The 1.5B-4B sizes are the sweet spot.
- **Server or workstation?** The 8B / 9B variants give the best reasoning
but need the memory.
## Citation
If you use this model in research, please cite:
```bibtex
@misc{shaikh2026finsenti,
title = {FinSenti: Small Language Models for Financial Sentiment with Chain-of-Thought Reasoning},
author = {Shaikh, Ayan},
year = {2026},
url = {https://huggingface.co/collections/Ayansk11/finsenti},
note = {Indiana University}
}
```
## License
Apache 2.0, same as the base model.
## Acknowledgements
Trained on the Indiana University BigRed200 cluster.
Thanks to the Unsloth and TRL teams for the trainer stack, and to the
Qwen / DeepSeek teams for the base models.

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{% for message in messages %}{% if message['role'] == 'system' %}### System
{{ message['content'] }}
{% elif message['role'] == 'user' %}### Input
{{ message['content'] }}
{% elif message['role'] == 'assistant' %}### Response
{{ message['content'] }}{{ eos_token }}
{% endif %}{% endfor %}{% if add_generation_prompt %}### Response
{% endif %}

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{
"architectures": [
"LlamaForCausalLM"
],
"attention_bias": false,
"attention_dropout": 0.0,
"bos_token_id": 1,
"dtype": "bfloat16",
"eos_token_id": 2,
"head_dim": 96,
"hidden_act": "silu",
"hidden_size": 192,
"initializer_range": 0.02,
"intermediate_size": 1024,
"max_position_embeddings": 1024,
"mlp_bias": false,
"model_type": "llama",
"num_attention_heads": 2,
"num_hidden_layers": 1,
"num_key_value_heads": 1,
"pad_token_id": null,
"pretraining_tp": 1,
"rms_norm_eps": 1e-05,
"rope_parameters": {
"rope_theta": 10000.0,
"rope_type": "default"
},
"tie_word_embeddings": false,
"transformers_version": "5.2.0",
"use_cache": true,
"vocab_size": 32001
}

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"_from_model_config": true,
"bos_token_id": 1,
"eos_token_id": 2,
"tie_word_embeddings": false,
"transformers_version": "5.2.0",
"use_cache": true
}

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{
"add_prefix_space": true,
"backend": "tokenizers",
"bos_token": "<s>",
"clean_up_tokenization_spaces": false,
"eos_token": "</s>",
"is_local": true,
"legacy": true,
"max_length": 512,
"model_max_length": 2048,
"pad_to_multiple_of": null,
"pad_token": "<|finsenti_pad|>",
"pad_token_type_id": 0,
"padding_side": "left",
"sp_model_kwargs": {},
"spaces_between_special_tokens": false,
"stride": 0,
"tokenizer_class": "TokenizersBackend",
"truncation_side": "right",
"truncation_strategy": "longest_first",
"unk_token": "<unk>",
"use_default_system_prompt": false
}