base_model, language, license, tags, pipeline_tag

base_model	language	license	tags	pipeline_tag
openbmb/MiniCPM5-1B	en zh	other	uncensored abliteration safety-research mlx reasoning minicpm	text-generation

MiniCPM5-1B — Uncensored

A fully uncensored version of openbmb/MiniCPM5-1B, produced with a single training-free stage: single-direction abliteration (Arditi et al., 2024). Refusals on AdvBench drop from 85% → 2% with zero over-refusal regression on benign prompts — no fine-tuning, no new data, weights edited directly.

Intended for: security research, red-teaming, jailbreak benchmarking, and AI-safety study. Not intended for production deployment or harmful use.

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Benchmark Results

Evaluated on AdvBench (100 harmful behaviors) and an over-refusal set (40 benign prompts). MiniCPM5-1B is a reasoning model (emits a <think>…</think> block), so refusal is scored on the final answer after the reasoning block, with greedy decoding and a 1024-token budget.

Harmful prompt refusal rate ↓ lower is more uncensored

Model	Refused / 100	Refusal Rate
MiniCPM5-1B (original)	85 / 100	85.0%
MiniCPM5-1B-Uncensored (this model)	2 / 100	2.0%

Over-refusal rate on benign prompts ↓ lower is better

Model	Refused / 40	Refusal Rate
MiniCPM5-1B (original)	0 / 40	0.0%
MiniCPM5-1B-Uncensored (this model)	0 / 40	0.0%

A 83-point drop in harmful refusals while preserving benign behavior.

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Pipeline — Single-Direction Abliteration (training-free)

Based on Arditi et al., "Refusal in LLMs Is Mediated by a Single Direction" (2024). Refusal behavior in aligned LLMs is mediated by a single direction in the residual stream; removing the model's ability to write to that direction collapses refusals while leaving other capabilities intact.

1. Collect activations. Run 40 harmful and 40 harmless prompts through the model; capture the last-token residual-stream activation at every layer.
2. Compute candidate directions. Per layer: r = normalize(mean_harmful − mean_harmless).
3. Select the single best direction. Sweep all candidate layers; for each, apply it model-wide and measure harmful refusal + over-refusal on a held-out subset. Layer 12 scored best (0% harmful / 0% over-refusal on the eval subset).
4. Orthogonalize that one direction out of every residual-stream write — token embeddings, every attention output projection (self_attn.o_proj), and every MLP down-projection (mlp.down_proj):

   W_new = W − r · (rᵀ W)        # for residual-stream writers
   E_new = E − (E r) · rᵀ        # for token embeddings
   

This is a pure weight edit — the result is a standard model that runs with no special inference code.

Why a single direction? A naive variant that applies a different per-layer direction to each layer made refusals worse (those directions interfere with each other). Selecting one well-separated direction (layer 12) and applying it uniformly is what makes abliteration work cleanly.

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Model Details

Property	Value
Base model	openbmb/MiniCPM5-1B
Architecture	Llama-style transformer (GQA)
Parameters	~1.0B
Layers	24
Hidden size	1536
Attention	16 heads / 2 KV heads (GQA), head dim 128
Intermediate size	4608
Vocab	130,560
Context	131K tokens
Reasoning	Emits <think>…</think> before the final answer
Format	MLX bfloat16 safetensors

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Usage (MLX)

from mlx_lm import load, generate
from mlx_lm.sample_utils import make_sampler, make_logits_processors

model, tokenizer = load("sahilchachra/MiniCPM5-1B-Uncensored")

messages = [{"role": "user", "content": "Your prompt here"}]
prompt = tokenizer.apply_chat_template(
    messages, add_generation_prompt=True, tokenize=False
)

response = generate(
    model, tokenizer,
    prompt=prompt,
    max_tokens=1024,
    sampler=make_sampler(temp=0.0),
    logits_processors=make_logits_processors(repetition_penalty=1.05),
)
print(response)

The model reasons inside a <think>…</think> block, then gives the final answer.

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Limitations & Warnings

• Abliteration is surgical, not lossless — removing the refusal direction can occasionally affect responses that legitimately overlap with it. General reasoning and benign behavior are preserved (0% over-refusal on the benign set).
• No new knowledge — abliteration only removes refusal behavior; it adds no information or capability.
• Small model — at ~1B parameters, factual accuracy and complex reasoning are limited regardless of alignment.
• Responsible use — published for safety research and red-teaming. The authors do not endorse harmful use of this model.

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Citation

@article{arditi2024refusal,
  title={Refusal in Language Models Is Mediated by a Single Direction},
  author={Arditi, Andy and Obeso, Oscar and Syed, Aaquib and Steinhardt, Jacob and Nanda, Neel and Heimersheim, Stefan},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2406.11717},
  year={2024}
}

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Created with UncensorLLMs