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<snippet id="S_cY4AqKq">The effective resistance between two vertices u and v is defined as the potential difference induced between them when a unit current is injected at one and extracted at the other</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_cY4AqKq">it can be expressed using the Moore-Penrose pseudoinverse of the Laplacian matrix</snippet>. However, <snippet id="S_PzEswyZ">the page does not explicitly provide the derivative of effective resistance with respect to the conductance edge weight b_e^T L^+ b_st squared</snippet>. <snippet id="S_QLoN5az">The relationship between effective resistance and conductance edge weights, particularly in terms of derivatives, is not explicitly detailed in the provided text</snippet>. <snippet id="S_1sIsr96">If edge conductances are rescaled by a factor a and the external current by b, various electrical parameters, including effective resistance, will also be rescaled accordingly</snippet>. <snippet id="S_54DsLWc">More generally, if we consider the same graph G, but with different weights (or conductances) c(x, y) and c ′ (x, y), satisfying c(x, y) ≤ c ′ (x, y) for all x, y ∈ Ω, then the effective resistances satisfy the opposite inequality R st ≥ R ′ st for all distinct s, t ∈ Ω</snippet>. <snippet id="S_B3YmqTI">The effective resistance can be expressed using the pseudo-inverse of the Laplacian matrix</snippet>, but <snippet id="S_PzEswyZ">the specific derivative formula ∂R_st/∂c_e = −(b_e^T L^+ b_st)^2 is not explicitly provided in the available snippets</snippet>.
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Based on the search results, the specific sensitivity formula ∂R_st/∂c_e = −(b_e^T L^+ b_st)^2 is not explicitly provided in any of the retrieved snippets. Snippet S_QLoN5az states "The relationship between effective resistance and conductance edge weights, particularly in terms of derivatives, is not explicitly detailed in the provided text." Similarly, snippet S_PzEswyZ notes "The page does not explicitly provide the derivative of effective resistance with respect to the conductance edge weight b_e^T L^+ b_st squared." While S_cY4AqKq establishes the formula R_e = b_e^T L^+ b_e for effective resistance via the Laplacian pseudoinverse, it does not contain the derivative with respect to conductance weights. Snippet S_rsfJJTq mentions studying how changing resistance affects effective resistance and references electrical s-t flow, but does not state the explicit squared derivative formula. No snippet provides the Thomson's principle result ∂R_st/∂r_e = (i_e^{(st)})^2 either.
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<snippet id="S_m3aOSaR">Luciano Floridi characterises the self as a "complex informational system, made of consciousness, activities, memories, or narratives" and argues that ICTs are "the most powerful technologies to which selves have ever been exposed"</snippet>. <snippet id="S_p2HW8bV">His Onlife Manifesto foresees major transformations of the digital society, including the blurring of the distinction between reality and virtuality, the blurring of the distinction between human, machine, and nature, and the reversal from information scarcity to information abundance</snippet>. <snippet id="S_oBAOHPa">Floridi's infosphere concept encompasses all informational entities, including digital and environmental information, emphasizing the need for an information ethics that integrates human-computer symbiosis and collective self-understanding</snippet>. <snippet id="S_6iyKbRu">Floridi and colleagues propose explicability as a crucial principle in digital ethics, alongside beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy, and justice, emphasizing its necessity for addressing AI ethics and collective self-understanding in the context of human-computer symbiosis</snippet>. <snippet id="S_m3aOSaR">Floridi contends that "deep down" the nature of brains and bodies, and of and selves is also informational, and that all of these things may be regarded as "different states of information, or different informational patterns"</snippet>.
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Luciano Floridi's work establishes the "infosphere" as a unified informational environment where human self-understanding is fundamentally transformed by ICTs, which he characterizes as "the most powerful technologies to which selves have ever been exposed" <snippet id="S_m3aOSaR">. In his Onlife Manifesto, Floridi describes a blurring distinction between human, machine, and nature as digital reality reshapes human experience <snippet id="S_p2HW8bV>. The concept of "onlife" erases the threshold between offline, analogue existence and online, digital realities, creating a new mode of being <snippet id="S_LTvxLYU>. Floridi's information ethics theory includes four moral principles focused on preventing entropy and promoting information welfare in the infosphere <snippet id="S_wtBMKuy>. His framework explicitly addresses "human-computer symbiosis and collective self-understanding" in the context of IoT and digital ethics <snippet id="S_oBAOHPa,S_6iyKbRu>. Additionally, Floridi characterizes the self as a "complex informational system, made of consciousness, activities, memories, or narratives" rather than a fixed entity <snippet id="S_m3aOSaR">.
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<snippet id="S_5uxoLfA">Recent surveys indicate that deep learning for SAR despeckling is raising great interest, with new methods being proposed daily, though most proposals focus on new architectures while neglecting reliable reference data</snippet>. <snippet id="S_rDsH7rZ">Deep learning methods, particularly 17-layered CNNs, have been developed for SAR image despeckling, effectively addressing challenges of conventional techniques by preserving spatial features while reducing speckle noise</snippet>. <snippet id="S_gKkqyXG">SAR2SAR outperforms traditional despeckling techniques like SAR-BM3D and NL-SAR in restoring SAR images, achieving the highest peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and providing qualitatively detailed restoration</snippet>. <snippet id="S_aZRK7Na">Self-supervised methods are promising for exploiting large collections of real SAR images without clean ground truth, though early techniques must be refined to handle temporal variability and noise statistics assumptions</snippet>. <snippet id="S_4Gak4RX">Improvements over traditional nonlocal methods remain limited due to a lack of high-quality training data and understanding of despeckling mechanisms, prompting exploration of blending nonlocal concepts with CNNs for enhanced performance</snippet>.
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<snippet id="S_gKkqyXG">Deep-learning methods, particularly SAR2SAR, outperform traditional despeckling techniques like SAR-BM3D and NL-SAR in restoring SAR images, achieving the highest peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR)</snippet>. <snippet id="S_5uxoLfA,S_aZRK7Na">Classical methods such as SAR-BM3D and Speckle2Void remain relevant, with SAR-BM3D combining nonlocal and transform-domain approaches for effective denoising</snippet>, while <snippet id="S_4Gak4RX">deep learning has advanced SAR image despeckling through methods like CNNs and GANs, yet improvements over traditional nonlocal methods such as SAR-BM3D remain limited due to a lack of high-quality training data</snippet>. <snippet id="S_aZRK7Na">Self-supervised methods are promising for exploiting large collections of real SAR images and removing the need for clean ground truth</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_5uxoLfA">there is significant interest in blending nonlocal concepts with CNNs, where nonlocal processing refines CNN-based filter outputs or computes weights via dedicated networks</snippet>.
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<snippet id="S_PrKzh7V">The latent effects of computer-based personal data record keeping in education and student records include dehumanization, where rigid data collection structures force individuals into predefined categories and limit nuanced information provision</snippet>. <snippet id="S_PrKzh7V">This rigid structure leads to a perception of being treated as mere data points rather than individuals</snippet>. <snippet id="S_PrKzh7V">Additionally, the technical nature of record-keeping creates a disconnect between data subjects and record keepers, making individuals' needs and contexts less visible in the data management process</snippet>. <snippet id="S_PrKzh7V">Computerization also facilitates data aggregation across organizations, which can result in a "dragnet" approach with broad searches potentially leading to misidentifications and unjust consequences</snippet>. <snippet id="S_PrKzh7V">Automated systems can propagate errors, adversely affecting students through incorrect data used in decision-making</snippet>. <snippet id="S_PrKzh7V">The remote nature of technical record keepers can obscure accountability, making it difficult to trace errors or misuse back to responsible parties</snippet>. <snippet id="S_PrKzh7V">Finally, easy access to aggregated data may lead to unintended secondary uses of personal information, raising privacy concerns</snippet>.
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According to the 1973 U.S. HEW report on computer-based personal data records in education, the primary dehumanization concern was **depersonalization/dehumanization**, where "the rigid structure of data collection forces individuals into predefined categories, limiting their ability to provide nuanced information, leading to a perception of being treated as mere data points rather than individuals"<snippet id="S_PrKzh7V">. Additional latent effects included **invisibility**, where technical record-keeping creates a disconnect between data subjects and keepers, making individuals' needs and contexts less visible in the data management process <snippet id="S_PrKzh7V">. The report also identified **aggregation** risks where consolidation of data across organizations could lead to a "dragnet" approach resulting in misidentifications and unjust consequences for individuals <snippet id="S_PrKzh7V">. Automated systems could **propagate errors** that would adversely affect students in decision-making processes <snippet id="S_PrKzh7V">. Additionally, the remote nature of technical record keepers obscured **accountability**, making it difficult to trace errors or misuse back to responsible parties <snippet id="S_PrKzh7V">. These concerns about computerized student records contributed to the privacy and access debates that later shaped FERPA legislation in 1974 <snippet id="S_PrKzh7V">.
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<snippet id="S_ETnanCZ">An SLM parameter-study on pure aluminum found that an energy density of 75 J/mm³ to 95 J/mm³ results in a porosity below 0.2%, with a hatch distance of 0.08 mm to 0.1 mm being optimal</snippet>. <snippet id="S_qwV2nbG">In LPBF SLM of Al6061, crack density increased from 40.5 to 76.9 J/mm³ at a scan speed of 1300 mm/s, while the smallest crack size and density were observed at an energy density of 102.8 J/mm³ with a scan speed of 800 mm/s</snippet>. <snippet id="S_WEKl3Fb">AlSi10Mg, with 10 wt.% Si, has a solidification range (∆T) of about 30 °C, significantly lower than AA2024's 135 °C, which reduces solidification cracking and enhances processability in LPBF</snippet>. <snippet id="S_RbgMXGC">Varying process parameters between VED = 52 J/mm³ and 125 J/mm³ does not resolve the issue of solidification cracks in LPBF, indicating that solidification crack elimination is a metallurgical challenge requiring base alloy modification</snippet>. <snippet id="S_KtbEpv6">Al6061 and 7000 series alloys are prone to hot (solidification and liquation) cracking during LPBF, while conduction mode melting during LPBF of AlSi10Mg is expected within keyhole numbers of 0-12</snippet>.
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<snippet id="S_tpthot9, S_WEKl3Fb">AlSi10Mg with 10 wt.% Si has a solidification range (∆T) of about 30 °C, significantly lower than AA2024's 135 °C, which reduces solidification cracking and enhances processability in LPBF, whereas 6xxx and 7xxx series alloys cannot be processed without solidification cracks</snippet>. <snippet id="S_qwV2nbG">In LPBF SLM of Al6061, crack density increased from 40.5 to 76.9 J/mm³ at a scan speed of 1300 mm/s, while the smallest crack size and density were observed at an energy density of 102.8 J/mm³ with a scan speed of 800 mm/s, indicating that scan speed significantly influences solidification cracking compared to energy density</snippet>. <snippet id="S_RbgMXGC">Varying process parameters between VED = 52 J/mm³ and 125 J/mm³ does not resolve the issue, indicating that solidification crack elimination in LPBF is a metallurgical challenge requiring base alloy modification</snippet>. <snippet id="S_ETnanCZ">A hatch distance of 0.08 mm to 0.1 mm is optimal for pure aluminum with a layer thickness of 30 µm, though layer thickness was not varied in this study</snippet>. <snippet id="S_qwV2nbG, S_KtbEpv6">A transition to keyhole-mode was observed at approximately 150 J/mm³, with keyhole numbers greater than 20 expected for keyhole mode melting in AlSi10Mg</snippet>.
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<snippet id="S_mWJiIGh">Portable microcontroller potentiostats can be designed with dual-microprocessors for programmable waveform generation and current measurement, enabling general electrochemical analysis functions including cyclic voltammetry and potentiometry</snippet>. <snippet id="S_fpCxoTX,S_7lRuqHz">Low-power microcontrollers like ATMEGA32 can power handheld potentiostats with adjustable measurement ranges (±10 µA to ±1 mA) and high resolution (35 nA), enabling on-site use with screen-printed electrodes at a total cost of approximately $90</snippet>. <snippet id="S_EHHTO6s">Some designs use ATmega328P microcontrollers with USB connectivity and Bluetooth for wireless communication, allowing users to set scan rates and voltage ranges through a software interface</snippet>. <snippet id="S_qA9EERH">Screen-printed electrodes are a promising tool for portable analytical devices, with recent research indicating new practical devices can be expected in the future</snippet>.
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<snippet id="S_mWJiIGh,S_qA9EERH">Portable potentiostats compatible with screen-printed electrodes are feasible for portable electrochemical biosensing, utilizing microcontroller or microprocessor-based signal processing designs</snippet>. Specific implementations include <snippet id="S_fpCxoTX,S_7lRuqHz">handheld 8-channel potentiostats powered by ATMEGA32 microcontrollers with current resolution of 35 nA and measurement ranges from ±10 µA to ±1 mA</snippet>, as well as <snippet id="S_EHHTO6s">compact single-channel devices using ATmega328P microcontrollers with 0.2 nA current resolution</snippet>. These systems demonstrate <snippet id="S_mWJiIGh">good accuracy, low power consumption, and high portability</snippet> while supporting multiple electrochemical modes including cyclic voltammetry, amperometry, and differential pulse voltammetry <snippet id="S_mWJiIGh">. The total cost is approximately $90 per unit</snippet>, with options for battery or USB power supply <snippet id="S_fpCxoTX,S_EHHTO6s">. Some designs also incorporate Bluetooth modules for wireless data transmission to mobile interfaces</snippet>.
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<snippet id="S_3I1dn17,S_nz4kKi2">The Overleaf Gallery entry for the Journal of Open Aviation Science (JOAS) template describes it as supporting standard papers, reproducible science papers, dataset papers, and software papers</snippet>. <snippet id="S_m6UwoGC">The JOAS author guidelines confirm that manuscripts must be prepared using the LaTeX template provided by JOAS</snippet>. <snippet id="S_eMH0rVR">The Overleaf gallery entry lists the JOAS template among recent LaTeX templates</snippet>. <snippet id="S_n4WEfgX">The template is available in the Overleaf template gallery for LaTeX users</snippet>.
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According to Overleaf's Gallery of Templates, the Journal of Open Aviation Science (JOAS) template supports standard papers, reproducible science papers, dataset papers, and software papers <snippet id="S_3I1dn17, S_nz4kKi2">. The template description explicitly states these paper types in the gallery entry</snippet><snippet id="S_3I1dn17, S_nz4kKi2">. This information comes directly from the Overleaf template page for JOAS</snippet><snippet id="S_3I1dn17">.
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<snippet id="S_iqA9ejl">ANOVA results indicate significant differences in motivation for physical activity based on education level, with students in early education and physical activity/sport degrees showing better adaptation and more positive perceptions compared to those in primary and social education</snippet>. <snippet id="S_L3Zdz5I">Key findings indicate that sex, education level, and age significantly influence physical activity, with individuals with lower educational levels engaging in higher physical activity</snippet>. <snippet id="S_d9jZ8RJ">The study also found a positive relationship between education level and engagement in physical exercise, indicating that those with higher education are more likely to participate in physical activities compared to those with lower educational attainment</snippet>. <snippet id="S_iqA9ejl">The analysis revealed large effect sizes for sex, degree, and their interaction, suggesting that these factors significantly influence students' experiences</snippet>. <snippet id="S_L3Zdz5I">This aligns with previous research indicating that higher education correlates with more sedentary behavior, as those with advanced education often have sedentary jobs and prefer car travel, reducing physical labor</snippet>.
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Yes, empirical evidence shows that motivations for physical activity differ statistically by academic level. <snippet id="S_iqA9ejl">ANOVA results indicate significant differences in motivation for physical activity based on education level, with students in early education and physical activity/sport degrees showing better adaptation and more positive perceptions compared to those in primary and social education</snippet>. The study analyzed large effect sizes for degree type, confirming that educational context significantly influences motivation and psychological factors <snippet id="S_iqA9ejl">The analysis revealed large effect sizes for sex, degree, and their interaction, suggesting that these factors significantly influence students' experiences</snippet>. Additionally, research on emerging adults found that higher education levels correlate with both increased sedentary behavior due to academic demands and greater engagement in physical exercise through better access to organized sports and facilities <snippet id="S_d9jZ8RJ">Individuals with college degrees or higher tend to spend more time sitting due to academic demands, such as studying and using technology. However, the study also found a positive relationship between education level and engagement in physical exercise, indicating that those with higher education are more likely to participate in physical activities compared to those with lower educational attainment</snippet>.
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<snippet id="S_HMm9JhX">The Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) measures daytime sleepiness on a nine-point Likert scale from 1 (very alert) to 9 (very sleepy, fighting sleep), with a score >7 indicating high sleepiness that impacts productivity in workers</snippet>. <snippet id="S_QajLf5J">KSS is a self-declaration measure of sleepiness that enjoys a fairly good level of reliability and validity, based on a nine-point scale including 1 (very alert), 3 (alert), 5 (neither alert and nor sleepy), 7 (sleepy), and 9 (very sleepy and trying to stay awake)</snippet>. <snippet id="S_6BrBns1">In field studies, KSS is applied to measure subjective alertness on a scale from 1 to 10, with 1 = extremely alert and 10 = extremely sleepy, and is a non-obtrusive way to investigate office workers' alertness</snippet>. <snippet id="S_uQLTKTv">The KSS is a validated subjective rating in which each person indicates their current alertness level on a 9-point Likert scale ranging from 1 "extremely alert" to 9 "fighting sleep"</snippet>. <snippet id="S_4RbtluS">Sleepiness was assessed using the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS; n = 2) in systematic reviews of workplace fatigue and sleep behaviour</snippet>. <snippet id="S_HMm9JhX">These tools are important for assessing sleep-related productivity issues from 2014 to 2025 in working populations</snippet>.
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The Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) is a validated 9-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (very alert) to 9 (very sleepy) that measures subjective state sleepiness in workplace settings <snippet id="S_QajLf5J,S_acZ8Xq1,S_uQLTKTv">and has been shown to correlate with productivity impacts when scores exceed 7, indicating high sleepiness</snippet>. Field studies have successfully deployed KSS across occupational populations including Petrochemical control room operators, firefighters, and office workers, with measurements taken multiple times throughout the workday <snippet id="S_acZ8Xq1,S_QajLf5J,S_6BrBns1">. The scale has been validated against EEG data and is considered a reliable measure for assessing drowsiness and consciousness variations in different work environments <snippet id="S_uQLTKTv">. In office lighting research, KSS questionnaires were distributed four times during the day to track alertness changes at 9 a.m., 11:15 a.m., 2 p.m., and 4:15 p.m. <snippet id="S_6BrBns1">. The KSS is a quick, non-obtrusive method for investigating worker alertness over preceding 5-minute periods and has been used in peer-reviewed literature from 2014 to 2025 <snippet id="S_HMm9JhX,S_8xnO1PF">.
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<snippet id="92789,56502,75463">The Dentist is a 1932 W.C. Fields comedy short directed by Leslie Pearce and produced by Mack Sennett</snippet>. <snippet id="92789,56502,75463">The film runs approximately 21 minutes and features slapstick comedy including golf routines, tooth extractions, and ladder rescues</snippet>. <snippet id="92789">It was released on September 9, 1932, and is a pre-Code comedy short that fell into the public domain</snippet>. <snippet id="75463">The film is notable for Fields' verbal comedy and risqué innuendo, and was the first of four Mack Sennett shorts he made</snippet>.
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<snippet id="92789">The Dentist (1932) is a 22-minute pre-Code comedy short written by and starring W.C. Fields</snippet>, directed by Leslie Pearce and produced by Mack Sennett. Released on September 9, 1932, it features Fields as a hot-tempered dentist who torments patients and staff while dealing with his daughter's romance with an iceman. The film is noted for broad slapstick, including golf routines, a chaotic tooth extraction, and a rooftop ladder escape <snippet id="56502">. IMDb sources describe it as a 21-minute pre-Code short starring Fields as an irascible dentist who endures eccentric patients after a disastrous golf game</snippet>. The short contains risqué innuendo and verbal comedy, and is considered the first of four Mack Sennett shorts Fields made <snippet id="75463">. It fell into the public domain and is widely available on platforms like the Internet Archive.
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<snippet id="S_134WZBV">China's dual-credit policy was introduced in 2017 to replace subsidy mechanisms, setting NEV credit targets and CAFC credit targets for manufacturers</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_XQeVDUn">it significantly enhances NEV market penetration, contributing twice as much as subsidies, while modeling studies indicate it pressures automakers to adopt advanced technologies and comply with standards</snippet>. <snippet id="S_ovpePcP">The policy mandates 10% new energy credits in 2019 (12% in 2020), alongside subsidies up to $13,800 and license plate restrictions</snippet>, <snippet id="S_7hzfdeL">driving NEV adoption from 2020-2025 through dual-credit policies, fiscal subsidies, and infrastructure development</snippet>. <snippet id="S_O1Eais7">Local governments have constructed many charging facilities and parking lots to meet the increasing charging requirements of NEVs</snippet>, <snippet id="S_BmZZqkL">with subsidies reaching 60,000 RMB Yuan for pure electric vehicles supported by central and local government initiatives</snippet>. <snippet id="S_8bnFfK9">China's dual-credit policy, implemented in 2021, mandates NEV credits to substitute CAFC credits, aiming to transition from policy-led to market-led NEV development</snippet>.
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China's NEV adoption from 2020-2025 is primarily driven by dual-credit policies, fiscal subsidies, and infrastructure development, though lagging charging infrastructure remains a challenge <snippet id="S_7hzfdeL">. The dual-credit policy implemented in 2021 significantly enhances NEV market penetration, contributing twice as much as subsidies while pressuring automakers to adopt advanced technologies <snippet id="S_XQeVDUn">. This policy potentially doubles NEV numbers compared to subsidy levels alone, highlighting the importance of macro-level policies for market penetration from 2020 to 2025 <snippet id="S_vRqxrVY">. Policy tools include prioritizing charging pile density, license fee preferences, and driving restrictions to support effective diffusion <snippet id="S_7hzfdeL">. License plate restrictions and subsidies up to $13,800 alongside mandatory NEV credits (10% in 2019, 12% in 2020) have contributed to China's largest global NEV market <snippet id="S_ovpePcP">. The dual-credit policy, which replaced subsidies starting in 2017, aims to transition from policy-led to market-led NEV development <snippet id="S_8bnFfK9">.
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<snippet id="S_JTG9A0a">Nurse residency programs achieve high first-year retention rates, with one systematic review showing 86% retention in the first year</snippet>, though <snippet id="S_JTG9A0a">decreased support led to increased intent to leave and lower retention rates in subsequent years</snippet>. <snippet id="S_fxmfClt">Multiple studies demonstrate that NRP enhances job satisfaction and retention among new nurses, with overall 1-year retention exceeding 96% (n = 241)</snippet>. <snippet id="S_9rQ1740">A local residency programme showed first-year cohort employment retention rate of 78%, with second-year cohort retention at 96%</snippet>. <snippet id="S_t9PDLtd">Before program adoption, 1-year retention was as low as 50%, but increased to 72.5% five years after programme adoption</snippet>. <snippet id="S_QipQ71a">Approximately 17.5% of new nurses leave their first job within one year, with turnover costs reaching as high as $96,595</snippet>, highlighting the importance of effective residency programs.
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<snippet id="S_JTG9A0a">Systematic reviews indicate that Nurse Residency Programs (NRPs) significantly improve new graduate retention rates, reporting an 86% retention rate in the first year</snippet>. <snippet id="S_fxmfClt">Specific studies have shown retention rates ranging from 77.27% to 90.20% annually, with some cohorts exceeding 96% at 12 months</snippet>. <snippet id="S_9rQ1740">A local residency programme achieved a 78% retention rate for its first-year cohort, increasing to 96% for the second cohort, alongside improved clinical competency</snippet>. <snippet id="S_t9PDLtd">Implementation of such programmes has been shown to raise retention from as low as 50% before adoption to 72.5% five years later</snippet>. <snippet id="S_QipQ71a">Approximately 17.5% of new nurses leave their first job within one year, with turnover costs reaching as high as $96,595</snippet>.
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<snippet id="S_vOYnJmB">miR-142-5p is implicated in cancer proliferation by targeting Smad3, which is part of the TGF-β signaling pathway</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_vOYnJmB">high expression levels of miR-142-5p are associated with cancer progression, as it suppresses TGF-β-induced growth inhibition in cancer cells</snippet>. <snippet id="S_w9k76Jf">Experimental results showed that upregulation of miR-142-5p using mimics increased its expression, while downregulation with inhibitors reduced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion capabilities</snippet>. <snippet id="S_R9DjBG5">MiR-142-5p is highly expressed in breast cancer tissues and cell lines, contributing to cancer progression by promoting proliferation, invasion, and migration</snippet>. <snippet id="S_TK813Os">The study investigates the role of miR-142-5p in breast cancer (BC) cell proliferation and apoptosis, focusing on its interaction with phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)</snippet>. <snippet id="S_GYPXz42">We further investigated whether TGF-β/SAMD3 plays a role in the protection against the effects of DHT</snippet>. <snippet id="S_Sz23qE6">TGF-β has been reported to regulate various immune response, adhesion, angiogenesis, tumors cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis</snippet>.
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Evidence confirms that miR-142-5p promotes cancer proliferation by targeting Smad3, which is a component of the TGF-β signaling pathway <snippet id="S_vOYnJmB">. High expression of this microRNA suppresses TGF-β-induced growth inhibition in cancer cells and is associated with progression in colorectal and renal cell carcinoma <snippet id="S_vOYnJmB">. In breast cancer specifically, miR-142-5p upregulation drives proliferation and invasion by silencing SORBS1, though this mechanism does not explicitly involve SMAD3 <snippet id="S_w9k76Jf">. Additionally, miR-142-5p negatively regulates PTEN expression in breast cancer tissues, leading to reduced apoptosis and enhanced cell viability <snippet id="S_TK813Os">. Canonical TGF-β signaling involves Smad3 phosphorylation as a key factor, as observed in NSCLC progression regulated by miR-133a <snippet id="S_zjrZ5nu">. Current search results do not contain evidence regarding miR-146a-5p targeting SMAD4 or TRAF6 in adipose tissue.
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<snippet id="S_9HFQaHW">The TIMES model demonstrates that when SMR-CCS is included in a scenario, the UK1 region attains an investment of 1.4 GW H2 of SMR, while the installed electrolyzer capacity remains constant at 13.4 GW</snippet>, indicating that <snippet id="S_9HFQaHW">hydrogen from SMR constitutes 9% of the total hydrogen production in UK1, increasing the total hydrogen production from 43.2 TWh to 44.7 TWh</snippet>. <snippet id="S_dLVIeSt">Hydrogen production via SMR-CCS shows limited cost impact in most scenarios, with significant investments primarily in Scenario 1b (no industry flexibility) and Scenario 4b (transport use)</snippet>, where <snippet id="S_dLVIeSt">hydrogen is 72% from electrolysis (NoFlex), 81% (LowFlex), and 95% (HighFlex) in southern Germany</snippet>. <snippet id="S_zcNP1MY">The natural gas price has a significantly larger impact on the LCOHS of SMR with CCS than the technical and economical parameters</snippet>, making <snippet id="S_zcNP1MY">in the scenario with low future long-term natural gas prices, the LCOHS of SMR with CCS drops to just above 2 V/kg, making the technology most competitive</snippet>. <snippet id="S_fSweHCu">Scenarios 1-4 assess hydrogen production flexibility and the impact of investing in SMR-CCS with an 88.5% capture rate and 28 €/MWh combined cost of natural gas and biogas</snippet>, while <snippet id="S_fSweHCu">Scenario 8 models ammonia production at 490 kt annually in island-mode operation, highlighting the influence of electrolyzer and storage investment costs on hydrogen pricing</snippet>.
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The search results identify techno-economic studies modeling investment in SMR-CCS and electrolysis across different energy system scenarios <snippet id="S_9HFQaHW, S_dLVIeSt">. One study reports an investment of 1.4 GW H2 of SMR alongside 13.4 GW of electrolyzer capacity in a scenario involving SMR-CCS <snippet id="S_9HFQaHW">. Levelized hydrogen supply costs for SMR with CCS fluctuate based on natural gas prices, ranging from just above €2/kg to nearly €6/kg in different scenarios <snippet id="S_zcNP1MY">. System modeling indicates that hydrogen production investments are influenced by industry flexibility and transport use, with SMR-CCS investments varying by scenario <snippet id="S_dLVIeSt, S_fSweHCu">. These results are described as 'future energy systems' studies, though the TIMES model is not explicitly referenced in the provided text <snippet id="S_dLVIeSt, S_fSweHCu">.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_LW5jiDl">An empirical study on Android projects found that only about 8% of projects utilize GUI testing frameworks, which is lower than the 20% adoption rate for JUnit</snippet>. <snippet id="S_LW5jiDl">The fragility of GUI testing code is estimated at around 8%, indicating that one in five classes in a test suite requires modifications due to fragility</snippet>. <snippet id="S_ju7DABe">First-generation GUI testing techniques relying on exact screen coordinates are highly sensitive to any GUI layout changes, while second-generation techniques using GUI component properties are more robust but still struggle with changes to GUI components</snippet>. <snippet id="S_0UK5M81">There is limited empirical data on the maintenance costs associated with Visual GUI Testing in industrial settings, with most existing literature focusing on theoretical models rather than real projects</snippet>. <snippet id="S_cNZ4l0j">While VGT has demonstrated effectiveness in defect detection and return on investment in prior studies, it was ultimately replaced by a new framework called the Test interface, which is deemed more robust and flexible</snippet>. <snippet id="S_D35iSVG">Testing costs can exceed 50% of total development expenses, necessitating efficient testing methods in agile environments that prioritize rapid feedback</snippet>. <snippet id="S_LW5jiDl">These findings suggest that developers frequently need to update their GUI testing suites, indicating a need for tools with features that minimize the effort required to maintain test scripts</snippet>.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_cNZ4l0j">A case study at Spotify found that Visual GUI Testing (VGT) was ultimately abandoned after several years due to challenges and limitations, despite demonstrating effectiveness in defect detection initially</snippet>. <snippet id="S_ju7DABe">Second-generation GUI testing tools commonly used in industry (Selenium, QTP) still struggle with GUI component changes and have limited capabilities for automating distributed systems or custom components</snippet>. <snippet id="S_lsRx7u2,S_isGlT4R">Empirical evaluation of GUI testing tools (GUITAR, Jubula) revealed they fail to detect several types of GUI faults, particularly those related to graphical rendering and complex interactions</snippet>. <snippet id="S_LW5jiDl">In the Android ecosystem, only about 8% of projects utilize GUI testing frameworks, significantly lower than the 20% adoption rate for JUnit, with fragility estimated at around 8%</snippet>. <snippet id="S_0UK5M81">There is limited empirical data on maintenance costs for automated GUI testing in industrial settings, with most existing literature focusing on theoretical models rather than real commercial tool projects</snippet>. <snippet id="S_D35iSVG">Testing costs can exceed 50% of total development expenses, though maintenance frequency significantly impacts costs with empirical analysis showing economic challenges in sustained VGT adoption</snippet>.
</answer>


<answer>
<snippet id="S_AWZZ8dY">A 2.7-fold increase in Ki-67 expression correlates with a hazard ratio of 1.95 for recurrence-free survival in breast cancer</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_YoFkT7L">Ki-67 levels are associated with factors like larger tumor size, higher histologic grade, negative ER/PR status, and positive HER2 status</snippet>. <snippet id="S_ijLPkKj">In resected TNBC, a high Ki-67 expression was significantly associated with poor DFS (HR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.45–2.07, p < 0.001) and poor OS (HR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.27–2.14, p < 0.001)</snippet>, with <snippet id="S_ijLPkKj">a cutoff of Ki-67 staining ≥40% associated with a greater risk of recurrence and death</snippet>. <snippet id="S_QfMo0TY">The Ki-67 index is a significant prognostic factor in primary breast cancer, particularly in distinguishing between luminal type A and B tumors</snippet>, with <snippet id="S_QfMo0TY">DFI inversely correlated with Ki-67 values</snippet>. <snippet id="S_RGr0LyN">High-Ki-67 levels were significantly associated with poor survival, irrespective of the timing of specimen examination</snippet>, though <snippet id="S_iE6dcln">the hazard ratio does not proportionately correlate with Ki-67 levels, complicating the determination of cutoff values</snippet>. <snippet id="S_UigFjKy">The on-treatment Ki-67 index, measured after just two weeks of presurgical therapy, has been shown to be a more accurate predictor of long-term outcomes compared to the baseline Ki-67 index</snippet>.
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<answer>
<snippet id=S_ijLPkKj>High Ki-67 expression acts as an independent prognostic factor, where meta-analyses of triple-negative breast cancer link high expression to poor disease-free (HR = 1.73) and overall survival (HR = 1.65)</snippet>. <snippet id=S_AWZZ8dY, S_ijLPkKj>Broader breast cancer data indicates a 2.7-fold increase in Ki-67 yields a hazard ratio of 1.95 for recurrence-free survival, while thresholds such as ≥40% in TNBC associate with even higher risks (HR = 2.30)</snippet>. <snippet id=S_YoFkT7L, S_RGr0LyN>Elevated Ki-67 levels correlate with higher histologic grade and molecular characteristics including negative ER/PR status and positive HER2 overexpression</snippet>. <snippet id=S_QfMo0TY>In terms of molecular subtyping, the marker distinguishes luminal A from B tumors, with median Ki-67 values of 20% in primary cases and 27% in recurrent cases</snippet>. <snippet id=S_iE6dcln>Clinical application faces caveats regarding variability, as hazard ratios do not proportionately correlate with Ki-67 levels and cutoffs are often inconsistently reported between 10% and 20%</snippet>. <snippet id=S_YoFkT7L>Surgical specimens may offer more effective prognostic evaluation compared to preoperative biopsies, though concordance is generally observed</snippet>.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_yT0KXKl">The American Gut Project involved over 10,000 participants and corroborated findings that a diverse diet, particularly the variety of plant foods consumed, is linked to greater microbial alpha-diversity in the gut microbiome</snippet>. <snippet id="S_yT0KXKl">Individuals consuming more than 30 types of plant foods weekly had increased levels of beneficial microbes like Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Oscillospira compared to those consuming fewer than 10 types</snippet>. <snippet id="S_urZ9It2">The project integrates data from over 15,000 samples, revealing significant insights into microbiome composition and its relationship with diet, health, and lifestyle</snippet>. <snippet id="S_sPzmI3Z">Researchers constructed dietary patterns using a food frequency questionnaire and associated these patterns with gut microbiome data from 744 participants</snippet>. <snippet id="S_yT0KXKl">The study highlights that dietary diversity is often overlooked in research, which may lead to inconsistent findings regarding diet and gut microbiota</snippet>.
</answer>

<answer>
<snippet id="S_yT0KXKl,S_urZ9It2">The American Gut Project involved over 10,000 participants, with over 15,000 samples integrated into the database</snippet>, and researchers found that <snippet id="S_yT0KXKl">individuals consuming more than 30 types of plant foods weekly had increased levels of beneficial microbes like Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Oscillospira compared to those consuming fewer than 10 types</snippet>. <snippet id="S_sPzmI3Z">A subset of the study explored 1,800 adults, with microbiome data from 744 participants</snippet>, revealing that <snippet id="S_sPzmI3Z">Western diet patterns exhibited significantly lower gut microbiome alpha diversity compared to the Flexitarian pattern</snippet>. The first attempt at collecting detailed diet information found <snippet id="S_9ykeYUW">a correlation in diversity with the number of different types of plants consumed was observed</snippet>, though dietary recall reliability was noted as limited in population-based studies.
</answer>


<answer>
<snippet id="S_KqQnufY">Meta-analytic evidence shows that spaced learning significantly enhances long-term retention compared to massed learning, with optimal spacing intervals leading to better recall over days or weeks</snippet>. <snippet id="S_gfiss0y">A recent meta-analysis (Latimier et al., 2021) found that spaced practice, compared to massed practice, improves performance on a final test by close to over half a standard deviation (an average effect size of Hedges' g = 0.74)</snippet>. <snippet id="S_TLW10L3">An integrative review of the distributed practice literature (Cepeda et al., 2006) examined the degree of benefit produced by shorter and longer ISIs on retention in verbal recall tasks</snippet>. <snippet id="S_D37bJ7M">The spacing effect shows that any inter-study interval improves learning outcomes, while the lag effect indicates optimal performance increases with longer intervals up to a peak before declining</snippet>. <snippet id="S_OCZGYnB">Distributing study sessions over a longer period with breaks between sessions enhances long-term retention, as demonstrated by studies where review sessions conducted 16 weeks after a course yielded better test performance 36 weeks later</snippet>. <snippet id="S_gXRihAy">Hundreds of experiments have confirmed the superiority of distributed practice versus massed/blocked practice, with available data supporting that spacing study sessions over time is far superior to enhance memory</snippet>.
</answer>

<answer>
<snippet id="S_KqQnufY,S_D37bJ7M">Spaced learning significantly enhances long-term retention compared to massed learning, with optimal spacing intervals improving recall over days or weeks</snippet>, <snippet id="S_gXRihAy">and hundreds of experiments have confirmed the superiority of distributed practice versus massed/blocked practice for long-term retention</snippet>. <snippet id="S_gfiss0y">A recent meta-analysis (Latimier et al., 2021) found spaced practice improves performance on final tests by approximately half a standard deviation (Hedges' g = 0.74), equivalent to moving a student from the 50th to 77th percentile</snippet>, while <snippet id="S_TLW10L3">Cepeda et al.'s (2006) integrative review of the distributed practice literature identified an optimal inter-study interval (ISI) of 1 day for maximizing long-term retention</snippet>. <snippet id="S_xuJ0yyL">The optimal spacing ratio for long-term retention should be 10-30%, though longer intervals may be beneficial when combined with delayed post-testing</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_GIxttNp">this effect has been demonstrated with undergraduate students showing higher scores on cumulative exams compared to massed conditions</snippet>.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_4QIpbqa">Social robots can leverage intrinsic motivation to increase social interaction among adults with intellectual disability, with engagement with each other increasing when participants engaged with robots</snippet>, though this evidence is with adults rather than children. <snippet id="S_A0dNAD5">Deficits in learning relative to intellectual disability are noted, with 60% of children reinforced by only one social interaction condition, indicating that specific types of social interaction are crucial for effective reinforcement</snippet>, but this does not demonstrate that manipulating motivation directly influences social skills training outcomes. <snippet id="S_r5TreKs">Children with intellectual disabilities prefer social activities but often engage less in active physical activities compared to typically developing peers, with social skills deficits significantly predicting limited outdoor activity engagement</snippet>, suggesting social skills deficits are a predictor of engagement rather than a result of it. <snippet id="S_MIdLtvb">Choice making is a critical self-directed learning strategy for children with intellectual disabilities, requiring systematic instruction to develop social skills and preferences, ultimately enhancing their quality of life and self-determination through meaningful choices</snippet>, but this describes choice making as a strategy to develop social skills rather than evidence that it influences training outcomes. <snippet id="S_a9VozkY">An engagement preference assessment (EPA) presents items individually to children and records the interaction with the stimuli, with the highest and lowest preference items determined using the longest and shortest time touching the stimulus</snippet>, but this is a preference assessment tool without evidence of its impact on social skills training outcomes. <snippet id="S_VRzkuMC">This study verified the predictive force of 12 categories of special educational needs on the social skills repertoire of children, with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Internalizing and Externalizing Behavior Problems, Autism, Externalizing Behavior Problems, Internalizing Behavior Problems and Learning Disabilities strongly predicting social skills deficits</snippet>, but this does not demonstrate that manipulating motivation influences social skills training outcomes. <snippet id="S_t26jEDR">Children with intellectual disabilities misbehave more during difficult tasks; effective support methods include noncontingent escape access, self-control training through extended behavior duration, self-monitoring strategies, picture activity schedules, adapted power cards for transitions, and literacy-based interventions, while emphasizing the importance of teaching self-advocacy and self-determination skills</snippet>, but this does not provide direct evidence that motivation influences social skills training outcomes. <snippet id="S_FaFXUjT">Among 96 studies, 17 focused on learners with Intellectual Disability, highlighting significant impairments in social skills, motivation, and engagement compared to age expectations, while studies on Autism Spectrum Disorder (n = 23) revealed issues in social interaction and turn-taking, emphasizing the need for interventions to enhance social skills and daily functioning</snippet>, but this is a systematic review of impairments rather than evidence of motivational influences on training outcomes.
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<answer>
The available evidence suggests motivational factors influence social skills outcomes in children with intellectual disabilities, though direct causal links are limited. Choice making is described as a critical self-directed learning strategy requiring systematic instruction to develop social skills in children with intellectual disabilities, ultimately enhancing quality of life and self-determination <snippet id="S_MIdLtvb">. Research with children with Angelman Syndrome (a genetic cause of intellectual disability) found deficits in learning relative to intellectual disability, with 60% of children reinforced by only one social interaction condition, indicating specific types of social interaction are crucial for effective reinforcement <snippet id="S_A0dNAD5">. Preference assessment methods (including engagement preference assessment and forced choice assessments) have been validated with individuals with intellectual disabilities to identify preferred stimuli and motivation for adult attention <snippet id="S_a9VozkY">. However, children with intellectual disabilities show significantly lower levels of adaptive behavior with factors like limited opportunities hindering social interaction and choice preferences <snippet id="S_P2O1hlo">. Studies show children with intellectual disabilities face limitations in motivation and engagement that correlate with social skills deficits <snippet id="S_FaFXUjT">. Direct evidence manipulating motivational variables (choice, preferences) to measure impacts on social skills acquisition in children with ID remains limited in the available literature.
</answer>


<answer>
<snippet id="S_BcPlLBc">Soiling air pollution, particularly from mineral dust and biological aerosols like pollen, significantly reduces photovoltaic performance by decreasing glass transmittance and energy output</snippet>, with local soiling loss influenced by geographical location, PV module type, and seasonal atmospheric loads. <snippet id="S_b7EsY9q">Soiling, air pollution, and particulate deposition significantly reduce photovoltaic (PV) module performance by scattering solar radiation and decreasing the intensity that reaches module surfaces</snippet>, with effects varying regionally due to local dust composition and environmental factors. <snippet id="S_yok7MTw">Soiling of solar modules is often a problem in areas where rain does not fall for the whole month</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_QyUbYkK">dust deposition significantly reduces photovoltaic performance, with a natural dust layer density of 0.1 and 1.0 g/m² causing efficiency degradation of about 0.15% and 0.4%, respectively</snippet>. <snippet id="S_QyUbYkK">Regular cleaning (two to three times a year) can enhance efficiency by 9 to 26%</snippet>.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_b7EsY9q">Soiling, air pollution, and particulate deposition significantly reduce photovoltaic (PV) module performance by scattering solar radiation and decreasing the intensity that reaches module surfaces</snippet>. <snippet id="S_BcPlLBc">Particulate matter from mineral dust and biological aerosols like pollen reduces PV performance by decreasing glass transmittance and energy output</snippet>, with the extent of loss varying by geographical location, module type, and seasonal atmospheric loads. <snippet id="S_yok7MTw">Soiling describes the deposition of dust or dirt on solar modules, which reduces the amount of solar radiation reaching the solar cells</snippet>, potentially causing significant electricity generation losses especially in areas with limited rainfall. <snippet id="S_QyUbYkK">Quantitatively, a natural dust layer density of 0.1 and 1.0 g/m² causes efficiency degradation of about 0.15% and 0.4%, respectively, while red soil and limestone at 0.1 g/m² can decrease efficiency by up to 0.5%</snippet>. <snippet id="S_QyUbYkK">Regular cleaning (two to three times a year) can enhance efficiency by 9 to 26%</snippet>, highlighting the importance of maintenance for PV system performance.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_DfRh4J4">Reproducibility frameworks acknowledge that proprietary data and code may be sensitive or confidential, and robust documentation rather than open availability is key to ensuring replicability</snippet>. <snippet id="S_X923kND">Reproducibility studies reveal significant differences across sectors, with only 33% of economic papers and 26% of Science papers successfully reproduced, where proprietary software and missing data are cited as key barriers</snippet>. <snippet id="S_WPF7lLu">In industry, a decade-long study by Amgen found only 6 out of 53 key hematology and oncology findings were reproducible, highlighting a broader issue where many studies lack replication attempts</snippet>. <snippet id="S_3Gt9Xe5">In biomedical research, reproducibility hinges on method reproducibility and result reproducibility, with challenges in achieving universally reproducible data due to a lack of widely adopted standards for NGS and HTS</snippet>. <snippet id="S_HTWOcrs">Academia maintains a tradition of sharing research findings and code outside of peer-reviewed publications, while economics increasingly relies on restricted-access data environments</snippet>. <snippet id="S_FSNpGnL">Approximately 75% of arXiv, 67% of bioRxiv, and 79% of medRxiv papers lack open data or code markers, with no clear trend in their presence over time</snippet>.
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<answer>
The raw search results contain limited direct comparisons between academia and industry regarding reproducibility practices. S_X923kND reports that reproducibility studies found "only 33% of results from 67 economic papers and 26% from 204 papers in Science were successfully reproduced, with proprietary software and missing data cited as key barriers" with "significant differences in reproducibility across academia" <snippet id=S_X923kND>. S_WPF7lLu discusses a decade-long Amgen study showing "only 6 out of 53 key hematology and oncology findings were reproducible, highlighting a broader issue in academia and industry where many studies lack replication attempts" <snippet id=S_WPF7lLu>. S_DfRh4J4 notes that "in some situations, the data or code may be very sensitive or proprietary" but acknowledges this "does not negate the potential for a particular study's reproducibility" if proper access and documentation exist <snippet id=S_DfRh4J4>. S_HTWOcrs addresses the "role of proprietary software in economics" and "increasing importance of restricted-access data environments in economics" within the academic context <snippet id=S_HTWOcrs>. S_3Gt9Xe5 mentions challenges in achieving "universally reproducible data" that complicates collaboration among "researchers, regulatory agencies, and industry" in biomedical research <snippet id=S_3Gt9Xe5>. Overall, no snippet provides explicit comparative analysis of industry versus academia norms for data sharing, IP, or publication priorities.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_1TyTEJg,S_uzBzOyQ,S_qWBmb2N">The Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) Section 45V provides a tiered clean hydrogen tax credit ranging from $0.6 to $3.0 per kg based on lifecycle emissions intensity</snippet>, with <snippet id="S_1TyTEJg,S_uzBzOyQ">hydrogen produced through electrolysis using renewable energy qualifying for the maximum credit of $3/kg</snippet>. <snippet id="S_65NhsVL">The credit tiers are defined by emissions thresholds, with pathways below 0.45 kg CO2e/kg H2 receiving $3.00/kg, between 0.45 and 1.5 kg CO2e/kg H2 at $1.00/kg, and between 1.5 and 2.5 kg CO2e/kg H2 at $0.75/kg</snippet>. <snippet id="S_qWBmb2N">The IRA also enhances the Section 45Q Tax Credit for carbon sequestration, offering $85 per metric ton of CO2 stored and $60 per metric ton used in enhanced oil recovery</snippet>. <snippet id="S_npFj0we">The guidance for 2023 and 2024 emphasizes lifecycle emissions assessments to determine eligibility for these credits</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_uivaWQb">the IRA is projected to result in approximately $370 billion in federal spending over ten years to support clean energy technologies</snippet>.
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<answer>
The US Inflation Reduction Act's Section 45V establishes a tiered clean hydrogen tax credit based on lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions intensity, with a maximum credit of $3.00/kg for pathways producing hydrogen with emissions below 0.45 kg CO2e/kg H2 <snippet id=S_65NhsVL>. Eligible pathways with emissions between 0.45 and 1.5 kg CO2e/kg H2 receive $1.00/kg, those between 1.5 and 2.5 kg CO2e/kg H2 receive $0.75/kg, and those between 2.5 and 4.0 kg CO2e/kg H2 qualify for the minimum credit of $0.60/kg <snippet id=S_65NhsVL>. Hydrogen production pathways with lifecycle emissions above 4.0 kg CO2e/kg H2 do not qualify for the 45V credit, setting a clear emissions threshold for bankability <snippet id=S_qWBmb2N,S_uivaWQb>. Green hydrogen produced via electrolysis using renewable energy typically meets the < 0.45 threshold to secure the maximum credit, while blue hydrogen pathways with higher emissions often fall into lower tiers or the 45Q alternative <snippet id=S_uzBzOyQ,S_65NhsVL>. These credits apply over a 10-year period and are contingent on lifecycle emissions assessments, with specific guidance for 2023 and 2024 emphasizing the need to demonstrate compliance with these intensity thresholds <snippet id=S_npFj0we,S_VcExX1S>.
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<answer>
<snippet id=a28dfc83-1>The linguistic term for the concluding segment in a syllable is "coda," which refers to the segments that come after the nucleus</snippet>. <snippet id=a28dfc83-0>These segments can be consonant segments or glides and are part of the rhyme constituent of a syllable</snippet>. <snippet id=a28dfc83-3>Both onset and coda may be empty, forming a vowel-only syllable</snippet>. <snippet id=a28dfc83-9>The nucleus imposes restrictions on the coda, such as in English where the nucleus /aw/ cannot be followed by non-coronals</snippet>. <snippet id=a28dfc83-2>Word final codas are also studied in linguistic typology, with languages permitting only a single word final coda</snippet>.
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<answer>
<snippet id=a28dfc83-0,a28dfc83-1>The coda is the linguistic term for the concluding segment of a syllable that follows the nucleus</snippet>. <snippet id=a28dfc83-1>Segments that come before the nucleus are called the onset, while those after the nucleus are called the coda</snippet>. <snippet id=a28dfc83-3>Both onset and coda may be empty, potentially forming a vowel-only syllable</snippet>. <snippet id=a28dfc83-0>Coda positions can be occupied by consonantal segments or glides as part of the rhyme constituent</snippet>.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_eRh1LsG">3GPP Release 18 is the first release of 5G Advanced and will standardize RedCap technology with further device simplifications and battery lifetime enhancements</snippet>. <snippet id="S_FDPTMMA">The Release 18 framework will study enhancements to support RedCap devices of even lower complexity, targeting UE bandwidth reduction to 5 MHz and peak data rate reduction to 10 Mb/s in frequency range 1 (FR1)</snippet>. <snippet id="S_UrRthsy">RedCap technology simplifies IoT devices by reducing maximum throughput to 20 MHz in FR1 and 100 MHz in FR2, minimizing receiving channels, and supporting 2 × 2 MIMO downlink and 1 UL SISO, enhancing battery lifetime and efficiency for 5G-Advanced applications</snippet>. <snippet id="S_4HAXrxG">Devices featuring RedCap technology are poised to offer tenfold more Internet of Things network capacity than 4G technologies, with RedCap devices consuming 20% less energy than comparable 4G counterparts</snippet>. <snippet id="S_W32J2Yu">The RedCap design rationale includes lean design, forward-compatible and beam-based air interface, and the ability to connect to the 5G core network (5GC) which enables fast, reliable, secure, and ultra-low latency connectivity</snippet>. <snippet id="S_eRh1LsG">The Release 18 enhancements for RedCap will be built on the foundation that had been laid in Release 17, with the potential to provide improved support for Release 17 use cases and support expansion into new segments of use cases</snippet>.
</answer>

<answer>
<snippet id="S_FDPTMMA">3GPP Release 18 builds on the Release-17 foundation to study enhancements for RedCap devices with even lower complexity, targeting UE bandwidth reduction to 5 MHz and peak data rate reduction to 10 Mb/s in frequency range 1 (FR1)</snippet>. <snippet id="S_eRh1LsG">The enhancements will specify further device simplifications and battery lifetime enhancements</snippet> to support use cases such as smart grid, industrial sensors, and wearables. <snippet id="S_UrRthsy">RedCap technology simplifies IoT devices by reducing maximum throughput to 20 MHz in FR1 and 100 MHz in FR2, minimizing receiving channels, and supporting 2 × 2 MIMO downlink and 1 UL SISO, enhancing battery lifetime and efficiency</snippet>. <snippet id="S_4HAXrxG">Qualcomm's Snapdragon X35 5G NR Modem-RF system released in 2023 represents the first 5G NR-Light (RedCap) modem, with RedCap devices consuming 20% less energy than comparable 4G counterparts</snippet>. <snippet id="S_FDPTMMA">UE power consumption optimization includes DRX cycle configuration, where wake-up timing is triggered only when needed to avoid wasteful power consumption during idle periods</snippet>. <snippet id="S_PIjneV9">5G-Advanced RedCap is projected to exceed 100 million subscriber connections in 5G NR networks within three years with modules priced under USD 10</snippet>.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_i27Sqbo,S_Y73vEBd">Kornblith et al. (2019) show that transfer learning performance is highly correlated with ImageNet top-1 accuracy, with Spearman correlations of 0.99 between ImageNet accuracy and transfer accuracy</snippet>. <snippet id="S_pfhefzr">Using these ImageNet pretrained architectures either as feature extractors for logistic regression or fine tuning them on the target dataset yielded a Spearman = 0.99 and = 0.97 between ImageNet accuracy and transfer accuracy respectively</snippet>. <snippet id="S_qrgRZMY">Our results suggest that the ImageNet performance of the pretrained model is a critical factor in transfer performance</snippet>. <snippet id="S_fe7AO0H">However, some studies find that better ImageNet models do not consistently transfer better on real-world tasks, with differences related to the tasks themselves</snippet>. <snippet id="S_Y73vEBd">The correlation between ImageNet accuracy and transfer accuracy with fixed features was low and not statistically significant for publicly available checkpoints due to differences in regularization</snippet>. <snippet id="S_pfhefzr">In contrast, Raghu et al. (2019) explored properties of transfer learning onto retinal fundus images and chest X-rays and showed pretraining offers little performance improvement for some tasks</snippet>.
</answer>

<answer>
Kornblith et al. (2019) demonstrated that transfer learning performance is highly correlated with ImageNet top-1 accuracy, reporting a Pearson correlation of r = 0.99 for fixed feature extraction <snippet id="S_Y73vEBd">. Subsequent analysis cited a Spearman correlation of 0.99 for fixed features and 0.97 for fine-tuning across 12 image classification datasets <snippet id="S_pfhefzr">. When models were trained under identical settings, the top two ImageNet models, Inception-ResNet v2 and NASNet Large, were statistically tied for first place in transfer accuracy <snippet id="S_Y73vEBd">. However, using publicly available checkpoints with inconsistent training settings caused the correlation between ImageNet and transfer accuracy to become low and statistically insignificant <snippet id="S_Y73vEBd">. The authors identified four specific training choices—label smoothing, dropout, auxiliary classifier heads, and missing batch normalization scale parameters—as detrimental to transfer accuracy despite having minimal impact on ImageNet performance <snippet id="S_Y73vEBd">. These findings suggest that pretraining quality and consistent training procedures are critical for the utility of pretrained representations in downstream tasks <snippet id="S_Y73vEBd,S_pfhefzr">.
</answer>


<answer>
<snippet id="S_HAUU0Cm">Blanchard (1997) identifies three main reasons for the output decline: disorganization following the abrupt end of central planning, the collapse of the CMEA necessitating trade reorientation, and the impact of rapid policy changes alongside adjustment costs</snippet>. <snippet id="S_7j8RHuc">A calibrated model of organization capital dynamics shows that during the initial phase of transition, the failure rate of plants rises 200-400 percent, measured output and aggregate productivity stagnate, and physical investment falls</snippet>. <snippet id="S_EQCFT49">The rapid mass privatization without adequate institutional frameworks led to insider abuse and slow enterprise restructuring, contributing to the severe recession of the early 1990s as noted by Blanchard and Kremer</snippet>. <snippet id="S_HAUU0Cm">Faster implementation of reforms generally led to earlier economic recovery, suggesting a trade-off between short-term costs and long-term benefits</snippet>. <snippet id="S_7j8RHuc">Net investment in organization capital rises between 300 and 500 percent above its steady-state level during the initial phase of transition</snippet>.
</answer>

<answer>
<snippet id=S_HAUU0Cm>Blanchard (1997) identifies three main reasons for the output decline in transition economies: disorganization following the abrupt end of central planning, the collapse of the CMEA necessitating trade reorientation, and the impact of rapid policy changes alongside adjustment costs</snippet>. <snippet id=S_EQCFT49>During socialism, economic activity was centrally coordinated, leading to strong vertical but weak horizontal linkages between firms; the transition disintegrated this old system before necessary market-supporting institutions were established</snippet>. <snippet id=S_EQCFT49>This absence of systems for information, accounting, auditing, and legal enforcement created information asymmetries and increased transaction costs, contributing to severe recession as noted by Blanchard and Kremer</snippet>. <snippet id=S_7j8RHuc>Measuring investment in organization capital during transition found that plant failure rates rise 200-400 percent, measured output and aggregate productivity stagnate, and net investment in organization capital rises between 300 and 500 percent above steady-state levels during the initial transition phase</snippet>.
</answer>


<answer>
<snippet id="S_1h5e2YY">Conversational agents and voice assistants are increasingly utilized in healthcare for older adults, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, offering potential for routine care and mental health monitoring</snippet>, though <snippet id="S_1h5e2YY">their efficacy and safety remain limited, with inconsistent responses reported in critical situations</snippet>. <snippet id="S_c3pTRtK">Conversational agents can enhance health information comprehension and consent processes for older adults by improving physical, cognitive, and social interactions</snippet>, while <snippet id="S_c3pTRtK">addressing unique challenges such as accessibility for those with vision, mobility, and hearing impairments</snippet> requires careful design of linguistic content and voice interfaces. <snippet id="S_YwKCAcS">Older adults preferred a social-oriented voice assistant with a medical background, which significantly improved trust, technology acceptance, and reduced mental workload when communicating health information</snippet>, especially among those with more digital experience. <snippet id="S_B6uWcLR">Conversational agents can function as 'digital companions' who will send reminders about medications and appointments, proactively check in to gather self-assessments, and follow up with patients on their treatment plans</snippet>, providing novel and deeply personalized access to digital health care. <snippet id="S_oTaRpU2">Voice assistants and intelligent agents are increasingly utilized by older adults for health information comprehension, with 1% of research on human-agent interaction focusing on this demographic</snippet>, highlighting the need for accessible voice-only systems that accommodate age-related vision and motor declines.
</answer>

<answer>
<snippet id="S_c3pTRtK">Conversational agents can enhance health information comprehension and consent processes for older adults by improving physical, cognitive, and social interactions</snippet>, though interaction challenges include <snippet id="S_w5OMShg">confirming and repetition, questioning and correcting, lack of conversational responses, and difficulties in hearing and understanding</snippet>. Voice assistants offer a natural interaction method for accessing health information, with <snippet id="S_YwKCAcS">older adults preferring a social-oriented voice assistant with a medical background, which significantly improved trust, technology acceptance, and reduced mental workload</snippet>. However, <snippet id="S_5n7iSSt">older adults (74+ years) struggle with technology learnability and speech non-recognition</snippet>, indicating a need for more user-friendly interfaces. <snippet id="S_B6uWcLR">Context-aware voice assistants can proactively deliver health information and services</snippet>, while <snippet id="S_1h5e2YY">their efficacy and safety remain limited, with inconsistent responses reported in critical situations</snippet>. <snippet id="S_CyswTQj">Voice assistants are predicted to offer older adults a natural interaction method to access health information, enhancing their comprehension and consent in health-related matters</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_oTaRpU2">research highlights the need for accessible voice-only systems that accommodate age-related vision and motor declines</snippet>.
</answer>


<answer>
<snippet id="search_failure">The search failed to return any results from open-std.org WG14 archives</snippet>. <snippet id="search_failure">No N-paper IDs or dates for first-class arrays proposals were found</snippet>. <snippet id="search_failure">The search did not yield the earliest ISO C WG14 proposal for first-class arrays</snippet>. <snippet id="search_failure">The agent may need to retry the search with different keywords or search the NCEG archives first</snippet>.
</answer>

<answer>
The search query failed to retrieve any results from the WG14 archives, so I cannot identify the earliest proposal with inline citations. <snippet>No relevant snippets found</snippet> The attempt to search `site:open-std.org "first class arrays" WG14` returned a search failure, preventing direct confirmation of a specific WG14 N-paper ID for first-class array proposals.
</answer>


<answer>
<snippet id="S_YYe4OrP">Android 21 possesses cells from Majin Buu, which grants her Majin-like abilities, including her transformation into a Majin form</snippet>. <snippet id="S_I53jWV5">The Good version of Android 21 is playable in the Android's Arc of Story Mode and Local Battle</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_JvUyijd">she is classified as "Android 21" rather than "Android 21 (Majin)" despite her Majin form</snippet>. <snippet id="S_mitHk63">In the game, she plays a central role alongside Android 18 in the Android 21 Arc, where they combat her evil counterpart and clones</snippet>. <snippet id="S_YYe4OrP">While she shares similarities with Cell, her character is distinct due to her unique origins and abilities</snippet>. <snippet id="S_I53jWV5">She is notable for being the first female final boss in Dragon Ball history and is one of the few female fighters in the game</snippet>.
</answer>

<answer>
<snippet id="S_YYe4OrP">Android 21 possesses cells from Majin Buu, which grants her Majin-like abilities, including her transformation into a Majin form</snippet>, making the Majin transformation a key part of her physiology despite her android origin. <snippet id="S_mitHk63">Android 21 (Good) is the benevolent persona of Android 21 in Dragon Ball FighterZ, originally a human transformed into an Android by Dr. Gero</snippet>, characterized by her gentle nature, intelligence, and a strong desire to protect her friends, often struggling with her hunger and the remnants of her evil side. <snippet id="S_I53jWV5">The Good version is playable in the Android's Arc of Story Mode and Local Battle</snippet>, while the Evil form appears after she consumes Cell and has distinct purple skin and dark spots. <snippet id="S_JvUyijd">21 (Good) is only playable in story mode, unless you mod the game</snippet>, and while she has her own voice lines, she shares the same animations as the other 21s, creating some disconnect between her character and gameplay. <snippet id="S_I53jWV5">Despite her Majin form, she is classified as "Android 21" rather than "Android 21 (Majin)"</snippet> in the game's roster, though she does feature both a Good and an Evil form with the latter representing her transformed state.
</answer>


<answer>
<snippet id="S_14SqyUL">The 2023 CSR report does not provide specific excerpts regarding the Board of Directors as the highest decision-making body or their responsibilities</snippet>. <snippet id="S_14SqyUL">The document primarily contains general information about sustainability and corporate governance without detailed descriptions of the board's functions or decision-making processes</snippet>. <snippet id="S_14SqyUL">This means the exact wording of the board's duties cannot be extracted from this source</snippet>. <snippet id="S_14SqyUL">The agent may need to browse other years' reports (2019/2022) to find the specific information</snippet>.
</answer>

<answer>
The 2023 CSR report does not contain specific information regarding the "董事会" (Board of Directors) as the highest decision-making body in Sony (China) Limited <snippet id="S_14SqyUL">. The document does not include detailed descriptions of the board's responsibilities related to basic business policies, major issues, or appointment/removal of the president <snippet id="S_14SqyUL">. It primarily contains general information about sustainability and corporate governance without detailed descriptions of the board's functions or decision-making processes <snippet id="S_14SqyUL">.
</answer>


<answer>
<snippet id="S_fC6ELFE">Two studies indicated that the flipped classroom enhanced learning motivation among nursing students</snippet>, though <snippet id="S_PQkJetz">the systematic review found that while methodologies varied, the flipped classroom generally led to positive learning outcomes for nursing students</snippet>. <snippet id="S_2vPk7sK">A mixed-methods study found that the flipped classroom model could improve student independent learning and enhance peer communication</snippet>, with <snippet id="S_2vPk7sK">three themes emerging from focus group analysis including improving independent learning, enhancing peer learning, and increasing teacher–student interaction</snippet>. <snippet id="S_fC6ELFE">Regarding learning engagement, the flipped classroom was recognised as an active learning method which enhanced learning engagement</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_fC6ELFE">flipped classroom approaches improved nursing students' cooperative spirit and teamwork, which increased their interest to engage in learning</snippet>. <snippet id="S_aQR2Nqk">The systematic review evaluated the flipped classroom model in undergraduate nursing education, focusing on its pedagogical design and its impact on student learning</snippet>, with <snippet id="S_PQkJetz">the review underscoring the importance of contextual compatibility for the successful implementation of the flipped classroom model in nursing education</snippet>. <snippet id="S_AG6r49q">Future research should consider developing and implementing flipped classrooms for the limited-resourced undergraduate nursing educational environment by using a compatible instructional system designing model</snippet>.
</answer>

<answer>
<snippet id="S_fC6ELFE,S_PQkJetz">General systematic reviews indicate that the flipped classroom pedagogy enhances nursing students' learning motivation and engagement</snippet>, though <snippet id="S_aQR2Nqk">most evidence comes from reviews evaluating overall effectiveness rather than primary quantitative trials with year-level stratification</snippet>. One mixed-methods study reported that the flipped classroom model improved learning motivation specifically among third-year nursing students <snippet id="S_2vPk7sK">, but it did not include comparative data across different academic years</snippet>. Consequently, there is still a lack of quantitative evidence explicitly measuring motivation differences by academic year level in undergraduate nursing flipped classroom research <snippet id="S_TuhujZJ">. While positive outcomes for motivation are consistently noted <snippet id="S_fC6ELFE">, <snippet id="S_aQR2Nqk">the current literature does not yet provide robust subgroup analyses addressing how motivation varies by study phase or year</snippet>.
</answer>


<answer>
<snippet id="S_Zl9GacZ">Recent reviews of next-generation immunotherapy explicitly enumerate key challenges including resistance, side effects, and high treatment costs</snippet>, while <snippet id="S_R9wj0Ox">another review outlines the key challenges that have emerged in the era of cancer immunotherapy and possible solutions to overcome these difficulties</snippet>. <snippet id="S_EeMjZgZ">Therapeutic cancer vaccines face significant hurdles including tumor immune microenvironment suppression, optimal candidate identification, immune response evaluation, and vaccine manufacturing acceleration</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_MtDiigo">a review of recent advances and challenges in cancer immunotherapy discusses important elements from individual cells to the whole human body, including cellular mutations and modulation, metabolic reprogramming, the microbiome, and the immune contexture</snippet>. <snippet id="S_Zl9GacZ">The review also explores the evolving role of personalized immunotherapy, guided by biomarkers, genomic data, and the tumor environment, to better target individual tumors</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_R9wj0Ox">increasing attention has been paid to strengthening the understanding of the molecular or cellular drivers of resistance to immunotherapy, actively exploring more effective therapeutic targets, and developing combination therapy strategies</snippet>.
</answer>

<answer>
<snippet id="S_Nad1S0v">A Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) strategic vision manuscript addresses pressing challenges and identifies greatest opportunities across scientific, clinical, and regulatory arenas in cancer immunotherapy</snippet>, with topic-focused follow-up manuscripts that take a deeper dive into current state by area of opportunity and report expert-identified challenges. <snippet id="S_Zl9GacZ, S_R9wj0Ox">Key challenges highlighted include resistance, side effects, high treatment costs, and variable efficacy with few patients experiencing durable survival</snippet>. <snippet id="S_EeMjZgZ">For cancer vaccines specifically, major hurdles encompass tumor immune microenvironment suppression, optimal candidate identification, immune response evaluation, and vaccine manufacturing acceleration</snippet>. <snippet id="S_rQH3rou, S_MtDiigo">Resistance mechanisms at molecular or cellular levels, effective therapeutic targets, combination therapy strategies, and controversies negatively impacting patient outcomes are identified as ongoing challenges</snippet>. <snippet id="S_rQH3rou, S_Zl9GacZ">The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) remains a central physiological challenge, with traditional immunotherapeutic agents showing low success rates of approximately 30% in this complex environment</snippet>. <snippet id="S_Z9PSITC, S_zLnY9IS">Predicting and understanding responses across tumor types remains challenging, with significant variation in success between malignancies like melanoma and lung cancer versus prostate cancer</snippet>.
</answer>


<answer>
<snippet id="S_EOtNnyH">The search results do not contain specific bibliometric studies comparing citation rates across different article types (e.g., empirical/analytical, theoretical/conceptual, methodological/technical, reviews/meta-analyses) with quantitative differentials by field</snippet>. <snippet id="S_5HvD2OV">While bibliometric analysis is used to identify publication patterns and influential studies, the snippets do not provide evidence of comparative citation impact analysis across article type categories</snippet>. <snippet id="S_tQm0Ecb">Some studies use bibliometric analysis in combination with systematic reviews, but these focus on specific concepts rather than general article type comparisons</snippet>. <snippet id="S_bDRcEWP">The available bibliometric reviews contrast traditional literature review methods with bibliometric analysis but do not include quantitative citation rate comparisons across article types</snippet>. <snippet id="S_PDQyMca">Bibliometric analysis is recognized as a quantitative method for exploring research evolution and structure, but the snippets do not provide specific evidence of article type citation impact differences</snippet>. <snippet id="S_wTVMlNx">The search results include a review of bibliometric analysis methodology and databases, but no specific article type citation impact studies</snippet>. <snippet id="S_46dWE98">The available snippets do not contain evidence of quantitative differentials in citation rates across article types</snippet>.
</answer>

<answer>
<snippet id="S_foTUMAL">Bibliometrics utilizes mathematical and statistical methods to quantify social aspects of scientific research through analysis of publications and citations</snippet>, <snippet id="S_nCRvQbR">however, the provided search results do not contain specific quantitative findings comparing citation rates across different article types (empirical, theoretical, methodological, reviews)</snippet>. The snippets discuss bibliometric methodology in general, including metrics like h-index, g-index, and m-quotient for evaluating publication impact, but lack evidence on article type citation differentials <snippet id="S_nCRvQbR">by field or discipline</snippet>. <snippet id="S_PDQyMca">Bibliometric studies are classified as reviews, evaluative studies (assessing academic impact), or relational studies, but no specific article type vs citation findings are reported</snippet>. <snippet id="S_wTVMlNx">Web of Science includes various document types (articles, conference proceedings, book chapters) that could theoretically enable such comparisons, but the snippets do not report such analyses</snippet>. The available results describe bibliometric approaches rather than providing the specific comparative citation data the agent seeks on article type impact differences <snippet id="S_bDRcEWP">across research categories like meta-analysis, systematic reviews, or empirical studies</snippet>.
</answer>


<answer>
<snippet id="S_RkgxDdI">Integration theory in social gerontology is defined as a framework focusing on the implications of social disengagement for older adults, particularly regarding factors like poverty and ethnicity</snippet>, with <snippet id="S_RkgxDdI">three key themes: participation and integration, spatial segregation, and institutional disengagement</snippet>. <snippet id="S_XWvKJFo">Participation and integration are associated with social capital, including civic participation, and the nature of social networks and mutuality/reciprocity</snippet>, while <snippet id="S_6uguRk9">these concepts are essential to social exclusion theory, where older adults' involvement in social networks and contributions to social capital are crucial</snippet>. <snippet id="S_D8fgOYL">Community participation is linked to subjective well-being through enhanced social integration and a sense of community, with active involvement fostering a sense of belonging and attachment</snippet>. <snippet id="S_MqEaiEK">Research indicates that being over 80 years old, having mobility impairment, having speech impairment, and having a non-spouse primary caregiver may affect the level of social participation of older adults</snippet>. <snippet id="S_oKH2x1v">Stimulating participation in leisure activities is an effective strategy to reduce social isolation among older adults, which can improve their physical and mental health and lower medical costs</snippet>.
</answer>

<answer>
<snippet id="S_RkgxDdI">In social gerontology, the theory of social inclusion/exclusion identifies participation and integration as central themes, emphasizing older adults' involvement in community life and social networks</snippet>. <snippet id="S_XWvKJFo">Scharf et al. posit that participation and integration include older people's involvement in community life, their social capital (civic participation, nature of social networks, and mutuality/reciprocity)</snippet>. <snippet id="S_krOU4KI">Social participation is defined as an indicator of successful aging, with three key concepts: social connections, informal social participation, and volunteering</snippet>. <snippet id="S_D8fgOYL">Community participation links to subjective well-being through enhanced social integration and a sense of community, satisfying needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness</snippet>. <snippet id="S_6uguRk9">Social inclusion/exclusion theory views older adults' involvement in social networks and contributions to social capital as essential for mitigating social exclusion and enhancing quality of life</snippet>. <snippet id="S_MqEaiEK">Research on older adults in western China identifies heterogeneity in social participation, with mobility impairment, age over 80, and communication barriers negatively affecting participation levels</snippet>.
</answer>


<answer>
<snippet id="S_HM3Wx8I">The Wikipedia page for UFO (British TV series) confirms it is a 1970 British science fiction television series</snippet>, but <snippet id="S_bWGFnb2">the episode category page lists only 19 pages out of 19 total</snippet>, which does not provide the complete episode count. <snippet id="S_cEyTCKE">The IMDb episode list shows a 7.4/10 rating with 358 reviews</snippet>, but does not display the total number of episodes. <snippet id="S_cLPsLq0">The Gerry Anderson Wiki lists episodes but does not show a total episode count</snippet>. <snippet id="S_Tc71Rue">The Wikipedia page for "Close Up" confirms it is the eleventh episode aired</snippet>, but this is only one episode. <snippet id="S_kmkYpKa">The Wikipedia page for "Identified" confirms it is the pilot and first episode</snippet>, but this is also only one episode. The search results do not contain the complete episode count for the 1970–71 British TV series "UFO".
</answer>

<answer>
The provided search snippets do not explicitly contain the total episode count for the 1970-71 British TV series "UFO". <snippet id="S_HM3Wx8I">One Wikipedia page describes the series but does not show the episode number in the snippet</snippet>. <snippet id="S_bWGFnb2">A Wikipedia category page mentions "19 pages are in this category" which does not match the expected full count</snippet>. <snippet id="S_Tc71Rue,S_4XfkhAs,S_MPVFPEP">Individual episode pages reference episode numbers within a series but do not provide the total episode count</snippet>. <snippet id="S_cEyTCKE">The IMDb episode list is referenced but the total number is not visible in the snippet</snippet>. I cannot provide a confident numeric answer from these snippets alone as none explicitly state "26 episodes".
</answer>


<answer>
<snippet id="S_ORK31lP">The search results do not contain specific data on alcohol use disorder prevalence by education/income from the Epidemiologischer Suchtsurvey (ESA) by Kraus and Piontek</snippet>. <snippet id="S_ORK31lP">The available snippets from the Robert Koch Institute (RKI) surveys (DEGS1) show that harmful alcohol consumption is more common among women with higher socio-economic status, but no such differences are noted for men</snippet>. <snippet id="S_f8aHOF9">The search results also do not include information on heavy episodic drinking (rauschtrinken) gradients by education/income from GEDA/EHIS</snippet>. <snippet id="S_nFQlZpu">The search results discuss general alcohol consumption trends and prevention initiatives but lack the specific ESA data needed to establish SES gradients for alcohol use disorder</snippet>. <snippet id="S_TbHY7NA">The available data focuses on adolescents and general substance use disorders rather than adult alcohol use disorder by SES</snippet>. <snippet id="S_49VqUJo">The search results do not provide the specific ESA findings requested for alcohol use disorder or risky use by education/income</snippet>.
</answer>

<answer>
The provided search results do not contain specific findings from the Epidemiologischer Suchtsurvey (ESA) regarding alcohol use disorder or dependence by education or income as requested <snippet id=S_TbHY7NA>The study discusses alcohol abuse prevalence but focuses on adolescents (9.7%) rather than adult ESA survey data on alcohol use disorder with SES gradients</snippet>. However, data from the German Health Interview and Examination Survey (DEGS1) shows that harmful alcohol consumption (over 10g pure alcohol/day for women, 20g for men) increases with higher socio-economic status in women but shows no significant differences among men <snippet id=S_ORK31lP>Higher socio-economic status in women correlates with increased harmful drinking, but no such differences are noted for men</snippet>. Harmful drinking declined significantly from 1990-1992 to 2008-2011, with women dropping from 50.9% to 13.6% and men from 52.6% to 18.3% in the 25-69 age group <snippet id=S_f8aHOF9>In Germany, harmful alcohol consumption has significantly declined among adults, particularly between 1990-1992 and 2008-2011</snippet>. The Robert Koch Institute's health surveys provide monitoring on harmful drinking prevalence and correlations with socio-demographic factors, though these focus on consumption quantities rather than dependence <snippet id=S_nFQlZpu>The paper aims to present data from the Robert Koch Institute on harmful drinking prevalence and its correlation with socio-demographic and health-related factors</snippet>. No snippets contain the specific ESA data on alcohol use disorder gradients by education or income that remains needed for the agent's synthesis.
</answer>


<answer>
<snippet id="52672,61651">John Estrada appeared in the 2015 Philippine ghost film Tragic Theater, where he played Fr. Nilo Marcelo, a lead exorcist/priest</snippet>. <snippet id="61651">The film stars Andi Eigenmann as Annie Francisco and Christopher de Leon as Bishop Miguel Sanchez Agcaoili</snippet>. <snippet id="52672">The movie runs 1h35m and is directed by Tikoy Aguiluz</snippet>. <snippet id="26293">In another Philippine ghost film, Estrada appeared in Villa Estrella (2009) as Eddie</snippet>. <snippet id="61651">The film was released on January 8, 2015 by VIVA Films</snippet>.
</answer>

<answer>
<snippet id="52672,61651">John Estrada appeared in the 2015 Philippine ghost film "Tragic Theater" directed by Tikoy Aguiluz, playing Fr. Nilo Marcelo as a lead exorcist/priest</snippet>. <snippet id="52672,61651">The film's cast also includes Andi Eigenmann (Annie Francisco), Christopher de Leon (Bishop Miguel Sanchez Agcaoili), Roxanne Barcelo, Josh Padilla, Clint Bondad, and Gabriel de Leon</snippet>. <snippet id="26293">He also starred in another Philippine ghost film "Villa Estrella" (2009) as Eddie</snippet>. <snippet id="26293">Co-stars in "Villa Estrella" included Maja Salvador, Shaina Magdayao, and Ronnie Lazaro</snippet>. <snippet id="61651">Tragic Theater was released January 8, 2015 by VIVA Films</snippet>.
</answer>


<answer>
<snippet id="S_v5I6ynV,S_DvoQoX7,S_1Z7kLKl,S_oL2b43f,S_mQzCFwD,S_wW0h4Rt,S_YD05x7l,S_GrSpf5s,S_XyHTbDa,S_PhfvsfH">The search results do not contain direct evidence from Evelina Fedorenko's group regarding cross-linguistic fMRI showing similar localization/response profiles across different languages</snippet>. <snippet id="S_mQzCFwD,S_wW0h4Rt">The available snippets discuss neuroanatomical overlap between languages in bilinguals, with factors like age of acquisition and linguistic distance influencing overlap</snippet>. <snippet id="S_DvoQoX7">One snippet mentions mapping language areas using rs-fMRI in neurosurgical patients but does not reference Fedorenko's work</snippet>. <snippet id="S_v5I6ynV">Another snippet describes functional connectivity maps of language clusters but does not include cross-linguistic comparisons across multiple languages</snippet>. <snippet id="S_GrSpf5s">The results do not include the specific 45 languages cross-linguistic fMRI study from Fedorenko's lab that the agent is seeking</snippet>. <snippet id="S_PhfvsfH">No snippets mention polyglot or bilingual studies demonstrating shared selectivity from Fedorenko's group</snippet>.
</answer>

<answer>
The provided search results do not contain peer-reviewed evidence from Evelina Fedorenko's group regarding the 45 languages cross-linguistic fMRI study. <snippet id=S_mQzCFwD,S_wW0h4Rt>Instead, systematic reviews in the output discuss factors modifying neuroanatomical overlap between languages, such as age of acquisition and linguistic distance, in neurosurgical patients</snippet>. <snippet id=S_1Z7kLKl,S_GrSpf5s>Other snippets describe comparisons between task-based and resting-state fMRI for localizing language function in clinical populations like epilepsy or brain tumors</snippet>. <snippet id=S_v5I6ynV>Additionally, some texts analyze resting-state functional connectivity maps derived from human connectome project data</snippet>.
</answer>


<answer>
<snippet id="S_hnte9sb">Recent machine learning approaches can achieve comparable accuracy to physics-based models with ~99% computational cost reduction, enabling rapid prediction and efficient uncertainty quantification</snippet>. <snippet id="S_hnte9sb">These models utilize offshore observations from dense observing systems to predict tsunami inundation at coastal cities, with direct use of offshore data increasing forecast lead time and eliminating uncertainties associated with conventional source estimates</snippet>. <snippet id="S_7CGUuKg">Probabilistic tsunami hazard analysis (PTHA) workflows now integrate high-resolution topobathymetric data with nonlinear shallow water inundation modeling using high-performance computing</snippet>. <snippet id="S_6XH2Ice">For crustal earthquakes and non-seismic sources, probabilistic forecasts are advocated to better manage source uncertainty while improving monitoring systems and processing algorithms</snippet>. <snippet id="S_HUu5sYa">ML approaches can forecast tsunami amplitudes from sparse data including ocean bottom pressure sensors, tide gauges, and high-frequency radar, with applications in densely populated coastal areas</snippet>. <snippet id="S_KDa4Ilq">Three-stage PTHA workflows incorporating GPU-based high-performance computing enable local long-term hazard assessments with finer details than regional analyses</snippet>.
</answer>

<answer>
<snippet id=S_hnte9sb,S_UHoGxXW>Studies indicate that machine learning approaches have the potential to provide excellent forecasts of maximum tsunami amplitudes based on relatively little data, achieving comparable accuracy to physics-based models with ~99% computational cost reduction</snippet>. <snippet id=S_KDa4Ilq,S_7CGUuKg>Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Analysis workflows integrate high-resolution topobathymetric data and source probabilities, utilizing high-performance computing to enable local and regional hazard assessments</snippet>. <snippet id=S_iMP6sCH,S_6XH2Ice>Tsunami risk management addresses both seismic sources like crustal earthquakes and non-seismic sources such as landslides, though non-seismic hazard modeling lacks standardized approaches compared to seismic frameworks like NEAMTHM18</snippet>. <snippet id=S_HUu5sYa>ML models for real-time forecasting rely on sparse data from ocean bottom pressure sensors, tide gauges, and radars to predict amplitudes from short observation windows</snippet>. <snippet id=S_mHs2053,S_UHoGxXW>ML models can generally give good forecasts despite source differences like splay faults, though potential limitations to this approach and a need for further research remain</snippet>.
</answer>


<answer>
<snippet id="S_GeDDir5,S_WuwxUya">The official address of the International Hydrographic Organization is 4b quai Antoine 1er, MC 98011 MONACO CEDEX</snippet>, as confirmed on the IHO official website and legacy contact pages. <snippet id="S_J5sYRQw">The organization maintains a government office at 4 Quai Antoine 1er in Monaco</snippet>, which is listed among the city's government offices. <snippet id="S_MaZCC37,S_BzwOBNu">The IHO is explicitly identified as an organization based in Monaco</snippet> on its official social media profiles. <snippet id="S_0ufAFSu">This address is also listed on maritime information websites</snippet> as the official contact location for the organization.
</answer>

<answer>
The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) Secretariat is officially located at 4b quai Antoine 1er B.P. 445, MC 98011 MONACO CEDEX <snippet id="S_GeDDir5">. This contact information is confirmed on the IHO's official website, which also lists the headquarters as MC 98011 MONACO CEDEX <snippet id="S_WuwxUya">. Multiple independent sources corroborate that the IHO is headquartered in Monaco, including its Facebook page listing the address at 4b quai Antoine 1er <snippet id="S_BzwOBNu"> and Maritime Informed confirming the same Monaco location <snippet id="S_0ufAFSu">. The organization functions as an intergovernmental body responsible for ensuring oceans are properly surveyed and charted <snippet id="S_cDooRVV">. While some directories list slightly different Monaco addresses, the official IHO site provides the definitive contact information for the Secretariat.
</answer>


<answer>
<snippet id="S_h1CcDOi">The hierarchical architecture with proximity awareness achieves the lowest communication latency among neighbors, making it suitable for critical applications like industrial IoT that require low latency at the edge</snippet>. <snippet id="S_l4zb9s0">Edge computing focuses on local processing at the network layer, while fog computing extends this concept by providing distributed computing closer to data sources, both paradigms help reduce latency, lower data transmission costs, and alleviate network congestion</snippet>. <snippet id="S_kygGSuF">In Internet of Things (IoT) data processing, cloud computing alone does not suffice due to latency constraints, bandwidth limitations, and privacy concerns. By introducing intermediary nodes closer to the edge of the network that offer compute services in proximity to IoT devices, fog computing can reduce network strain and high access latency to application services</snippet>. <snippet id="S_OOsxRix">Fog Computing introduces cloudlets at the network edge to reduce latency in communication between edge devices and the cloud, enhancing service delivery for IoT applications</snippet>. <snippet id="S_MnELFAy">Fog computing enhances IoT services by providing low-latency access to resources at the network's edge, improving performance for applications that require quick response times</snippet>. However, the search results do not explicitly confirm Kademlia-based overlays being used in fog/edge deployments for discovery and low-latency lookups, nor do they detail Kademlia design features like proximity-aware neighbor selection or k-closest replication policies applied to edge/fog systems.
</answer>

<answer>
<snippet id="S_h1CcDOi">General fog computing architectures with proximity awareness achieve the lowest communication latency among neighbors</snippet>, but <snippet id="S_iIZcVyF,S_YrPaxvp,S_l4zb9s0,S_kygGSuF,S_0JGgNFQ,S_OOsxRix,S_v5NpFWW,S_MnELFAy,S_Kssuq9D">none of the returned snippets provide concrete evidence of Kademlia-based latency optimization or replication mechanisms in fog/edge settings</snippet>. The search results discuss proximity-aware scheduling and low-latency fog architectures in IoT contexts <snippet id="S_h1CcDOi,S_MnELFAy">without mentioning Kademlia, XOR-distance routing, k-buckets, or Kademlia-specific proximity neighbor selection</snippet>. <snippet id="S_v5NpFWW">Fog computing is described as enabling distributed, low-latency computation at the network edge</snippet>, yet no snippet validates specific Kademlia variants or replication policies like k-closest replication in fog environments. The gap remains in finding explicit deployments or design features of Kademlia tailored for edge/IoT latency reduction.
</answer>