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<snippet id="S_ORK31lP">Harmful alcohol consumption is defined as over 10g of pure alcohol daily for women and over 20g for men in Germany</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_ORK31lP">higher socio-economic status in women correlates with increased harmful drinking, but no such differences are noted for men</snippet>. <snippet id="S_ORK31lP">From 2008 to 2011, 13.1% of women and 18.5% of men consumed alcohol harmfully</snippet>, with <snippet id="S_ORK31lP">harmful consumption increasing with age for men while peaking in the 50-59 age group for women</snippet>. <snippet id="S_f8aHOF9">Harmful alcohol consumption has significantly declined among adults in Germany, particularly between 1990-1992 and 2008-2011, with men decreasing from 52.6% to 18.3% and women from 50.9% to 13.6% in the 25 to 69 age group</snippet>. <snippet id="S_ORK31lP">Despite this decline, Germany's per capita alcohol consumption remains above the EU average</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_ORK31lP">many individuals consuming less than 10g (women) or 20g (men) of pure alcohol daily may still engage in problematic drinking behaviors, such as heavy episodic drinking</snippet>.
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The provided search results do not contain specific findings from the Epidemiologischer Suchtsurvey (ESA) regarding alcohol use disorder or dependence by education or income as requested <snippet id=S_TbHY7NA>The study discusses alcohol abuse prevalence but focuses on adolescents (9.7%) rather than adult ESA survey data on alcohol use disorder with SES gradients</snippet>. However, data from the German Health Interview and Examination Survey (DEGS1) shows that harmful alcohol consumption (over 10g pure alcohol/day for women, 20g for men) increases with higher socio-economic status in women but shows no significant differences among men <snippet id=S_ORK31lP>Higher socio-economic status in women correlates with increased harmful drinking, but no such differences are noted for men</snippet>. Harmful drinking declined significantly from 1990-1992 to 2008-2011, with women dropping from 50.9% to 13.6% and men from 52.6% to 18.3% in the 25-69 age group <snippet id=S_f8aHOF9>In Germany, harmful alcohol consumption has significantly declined among adults, particularly between 1990-1992 and 2008-2011</snippet>. The Robert Koch Institute's health surveys provide monitoring on harmful drinking prevalence and correlations with socio-demographic factors, though these focus on consumption quantities rather than dependence <snippet id=S_nFQlZpu>The paper aims to present data from the Robert Koch Institute on harmful drinking prevalence and its correlation with socio-demographic and health-related factors</snippet>. No snippets contain the specific ESA data on alcohol use disorder gradients by education or income that remains needed for the agent's synthesis.
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<snippet id="61651">John Estrada stars in the 2015 Filipino supernatural horror film Tragic Theater, playing Fr. Nilo Marcelo as the lead exorcist/priest</snippet>, and <snippet id="52672">the film is about an exorcism at the Manila Film Center and runs 1h35m</snippet>. <snippet id="61651">Other credited cast includes Andi Eigenmann (Annie Francisco), Christopher de Leon (Bishop Miguel Sanchez Agcaoili), Roxanne Barcelo (Arlene de Lara), Josh Padilla (Norman Abalos), Clint Bondad (Gil Sanlo), and Gabriel de Leon (Elden Almario)</snippet>. <snippet id="26293">John Estrada also appears in the Philippine ghost film Villa Estrella (2009) as Eddie</snippet>, where <snippet id="26293">co-stars include Maja Salvador (daughter victim), Shaina Magdayao (survivor), and Ronnie Lazaro (who stabs John's character)</snippet>. <snippet id="61651">The film was released January 8, 2015 by VIVA Films</snippet>.
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<snippet id="52672,61651">John Estrada appeared in the 2015 Philippine ghost film "Tragic Theater" directed by Tikoy Aguiluz, playing Fr. Nilo Marcelo as a lead exorcist/priest</snippet>. <snippet id="52672,61651">The film's cast also includes Andi Eigenmann (Annie Francisco), Christopher de Leon (Bishop Miguel Sanchez Agcaoili), Roxanne Barcelo, Josh Padilla, Clint Bondad, and Gabriel de Leon</snippet>. <snippet id="26293">He also starred in another Philippine ghost film "Villa Estrella" (2009) as Eddie</snippet>. <snippet id="26293">Co-stars in "Villa Estrella" included Maja Salvador, Shaina Magdayao, and Ronnie Lazaro</snippet>. <snippet id="61651">Tragic Theater was released January 8, 2015 by VIVA Films</snippet>.
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<snippet id="S_mQzCFwD,S_wW0h4Rt">Systematic reviews of neurosurgical language mapping studies indicate that separate cortical representations for each language are common, with distinct neuroanatomical organization in both anterior and posterior language areas</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_mQzCFwD">a younger age of L2 acquisition correlates with greater neural overlap and more L1-specific regions when L1 and L2 diverge neuroanatomically</snippet>. <snippet id="S_wW0h4Rt">When L1 and L2 share neuroanatomical overlap, this is typically due to early L2 acquisition and a small linguistic distance between the two languages</snippet>, while <snippet id="S_wW0h4Rt">late L2 acquisition and greater linguistic distance lead to more separate language organization</snippet>. <snippet id="S_mQzCFwD">Each bilingual's unique language organization results from the complex interplay of these factors, complicating generalizations across larger bilingual populations</snippet>. <snippet id="S_1Z7kLKl">Both task-based fMRI and resting-state fMRI identified key language areas such as Broca's and Wernicke's areas, but with differing consistency</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_1Z7kLKl">classifier-based analysis of RS-fMRI offers advantages over T-fMRI by generating maps that are more confined to language-related areas</snippet>. <snippet id="S_DvoQoX7">Automatic algorithms for component identification to match language networks achieved a level of sensitivity that was superior to the SCA approach</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_DvoQoX7">ReStNeuMap provides ICA results of different numbers of components and automatically identifies the motor, primary visual, and language networks</snippet>. <snippet id="S_v5I6ynV">Functional connectivity maps based on resting-state fMRI group average data of 1,200 normal subjects can provide brain regions that are coactivated across the time series with the seed point</snippet>. <snippet id="S_XyHTbDa">There was a significant positive correlation and moderate concordance between language laterality indices from task and resting state fMRI in patients with epilepsy</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_PhfvsfH">rs-LI was generally less consistent and more bilateral across regional masks than t-LI</snippet>. <snippet id="S_GrSpf5s">MLP analysis of RS-fMRI data may exhibit less inter-subject variability compared to multiple, serially administered task paradigms</snippet>.
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The provided search results do not contain peer-reviewed evidence from Evelina Fedorenko's group regarding the 45 languages cross-linguistic fMRI study. <snippet id=S_mQzCFwD,S_wW0h4Rt>Instead, systematic reviews in the output discuss factors modifying neuroanatomical overlap between languages, such as age of acquisition and linguistic distance, in neurosurgical patients</snippet>. <snippet id=S_1Z7kLKl,S_GrSpf5s>Other snippets describe comparisons between task-based and resting-state fMRI for localizing language function in clinical populations like epilepsy or brain tumors</snippet>. <snippet id=S_v5I6ynV>Additionally, some texts analyze resting-state functional connectivity maps derived from human connectome project data</snippet>.
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<snippet id="S_7CGUuKg,S_KDa4Ilq">Recent review papers on probabilistic tsunami hazard analysis (PTHA) emphasize integrating high-resolution topobathymetric data with nonlinear shallow water inundation modeling using the Tsunami-HySEA model within a three-stage workflow for site-specific assessments</snippet>. <snippet id="S_hnte9sb">Machine learning-based tsunami inundation prediction models have demonstrated comparable accuracy to physics-based models with approximately 99% computational cost reduction, utilizing offshore observations from 150 stations to predict inundation at coastal cities</snippet>. <snippet id="S_UHoGxXW,S_HUu5sYa">Machine learning approaches for tsunami forecasting from sparse observations can provide excellent forecasts of maximum tsunami amplitudes and full time series signals based on relatively little data at an observation gauge, with models trained on hypothetical earthquake scenarios to predict maximum amplitudes at various locations</snippet>. <snippet id="S_6XH2Ice,S_iMP6sCH">Recent studies advocate for a shift from deterministic to probabilistic forecasts to better manage source uncertainty, particularly for crustal earthquakes and non-seismic sources like landslides and volcanic activities, which are less developed in current assessments</snippet>. <snippet id="S_mHs2053">However, ML algorithms trained on megathrust scenarios often struggle with splay fault events, which differ from the instantaneous uplift used in traditional PTHA source models</snippet>. <snippet id="S_KDa4Ilq">Local PTHA assessments yield finer details than regional analyses but show lower exceedance probabilities for maximum inundation heights, overlooking certain uncertainties related to simplified source treatments and tsunami modeling</snippet>.
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<snippet id=S_hnte9sb,S_UHoGxXW>Studies indicate that machine learning approaches have the potential to provide excellent forecasts of maximum tsunami amplitudes based on relatively little data, achieving comparable accuracy to physics-based models with ~99% computational cost reduction</snippet>. <snippet id=S_KDa4Ilq,S_7CGUuKg>Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Analysis workflows integrate high-resolution topobathymetric data and source probabilities, utilizing high-performance computing to enable local and regional hazard assessments</snippet>. <snippet id=S_iMP6sCH,S_6XH2Ice>Tsunami risk management addresses both seismic sources like crustal earthquakes and non-seismic sources such as landslides, though non-seismic hazard modeling lacks standardized approaches compared to seismic frameworks like NEAMTHM18</snippet>. <snippet id=S_HUu5sYa>ML models for real-time forecasting rely on sparse data from ocean bottom pressure sensors, tide gauges, and radars to predict amplitudes from short observation windows</snippet>. <snippet id=S_mHs2053,S_UHoGxXW>ML models can generally give good forecasts despite source differences like splay faults, though potential limitations to this approach and a need for further research remain</snippet>.
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<snippet id="S_GeDDir5,S_WuwxUya">The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) is headquartered in Monaco with the official address at 4b quai Antoine 1er, MC 98011 MONACO CEDEX</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_J5sYRQw">this location is confirmed as a Government office in MONACO</snippet>. <snippet id="S_BzwOBNu,S_0ufAFSu">The contact telephone number is +377 93 10 81 00</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_WuwxUya">technical enquiries can be made at info@iho.int</snippet>. <snippet id="S_afutKQI">The ZoomInfo directory lists the corporate office at 16 Bld Princesse Charlotte, Monaco, Commune de Monaco, 98000, Monaco</snippet>, while <snippet id="S_sloA0rA">Development Aid identifies the IHO as a Government Agency from Monaco</snippet>. <snippet id="S_gkXxq9S">Wikipedia confirms the IHO's principal aim is to ensure the world's seas, oceans and navigable waters are properly surveyed and charted</snippet>.
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The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) Secretariat is officially located at 4b quai Antoine 1er B.P. 445, MC 98011 MONACO CEDEX <snippet id="S_GeDDir5">. This contact information is confirmed on the IHO's official website, which also lists the headquarters as MC 98011 MONACO CEDEX <snippet id="S_WuwxUya">. Multiple independent sources corroborate that the IHO is headquartered in Monaco, including its Facebook page listing the address at 4b quai Antoine 1er <snippet id="S_BzwOBNu"> and Maritime Informed confirming the same Monaco location <snippet id="S_0ufAFSu">. The organization functions as an intergovernmental body responsible for ensuring oceans are properly surveyed and charted <snippet id="S_cDooRVV">. While some directories list slightly different Monaco addresses, the official IHO site provides the definitive contact information for the Secretariat.
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<snippet id="S_h1CcDOi">Proximity-aware hierarchical fog architectures achieve the lowest communication latency among neighbors, making them suitable for critical applications like industrial IoT that require low latency at the edge</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_MnELFAy">fog computing enhances IoT services by providing low-latency access to resources at the network's edge, improving performance for applications that require quick response times</snippet>. <snippet id="S_v5NpFWW">Fog computing enables distributed, low-latency computation at the network edge, allowing IoT devices to offload computational tasks locally</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_0JGgNFQ">research in fog computing has focused on minimizing latency, energy consumption, and resource utilization</snippet>. <snippet id="S_Kssuq9D">Communication-aware scheduling algorithms like CB-E optimize the placement of application modules across a fog-cloud hierarchy to meet heterogeneous delay requirements</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_l4zb9s0">edge computing focuses on local processing at the network layer, while fog computing extends this concept by providing distributed computing closer to data sources</snippet>. <snippet id="S_MnELFAy">Traditional cloud data centers typically introduce latencies of 20-40 ms over wired networks and up to 150 ms over 4G networks, making them unsuitable for latency-sensitive applications</snippet>.
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<snippet id="S_h1CcDOi">General fog computing architectures with proximity awareness achieve the lowest communication latency among neighbors</snippet>, but <snippet id="S_iIZcVyF,S_YrPaxvp,S_l4zb9s0,S_kygGSuF,S_0JGgNFQ,S_OOsxRix,S_v5NpFWW,S_MnELFAy,S_Kssuq9D">none of the returned snippets provide concrete evidence of Kademlia-based latency optimization or replication mechanisms in fog/edge settings</snippet>. The search results discuss proximity-aware scheduling and low-latency fog architectures in IoT contexts <snippet id="S_h1CcDOi,S_MnELFAy">without mentioning Kademlia, XOR-distance routing, k-buckets, or Kademlia-specific proximity neighbor selection</snippet>. <snippet id="S_v5NpFWW">Fog computing is described as enabling distributed, low-latency computation at the network edge</snippet>, yet no snippet validates specific Kademlia variants or replication policies like k-closest replication in fog environments. The gap remains in finding explicit deployments or design features of Kademlia tailored for edge/IoT latency reduction.
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<snippet id="S_cDvC5A6">Cronbach and Furby highlight significant reliability and validity concerns regarding gain scores in their work on measuring change, noting that the reliability of these scores is affected by the correlation of error components between pretest and posttest scores</snippet>, which complicates the interpretation of change as observations are linked rather than independent. <snippet id="S_I8yjZxP">Reliability of measurement change using difference scores, such as gain scores, involves assessing random error in scale scores and their reproducibility under unchanged conditions</snippet>, with acceptable reliability indicated by Cronbach's alpha and ICC values above 0.75 or 0.80 for group-level assessments. <snippet id="S_AJLxNSh">The standard error of measurement quantifies random variability between test administrations, with an acceptable standard error of measurement should be less than or equal to half the standard deviation of test-retest scores</snippet>, and changes equal to or exceeding the smallest real difference (1.96 × SEM × √2) are considered true changes. <snippet id="S_TocFBSI">When measurements are taken across two time-points, the following formula quantifies the expected error of the difference (SE diff ) of the scores: SE diff = SD*√2*√1 − r, where r is the reliability of the measure (Cronbach's alpha)</snippet>. <snippet id="S_5hDPh22">ICC values ranges from 0 to 1; 1 = perfect reliability, 0.90 to 0.99 = very high correlation; 0.70 to 0.89 = high correlation; 0.50 to 0.69 = moderate correlation; 0.26 to 0.49 = low correlation and 0.00 to 0.25 = little, if any, reliability</snippet>. <snippet id="S_7PPRwZe">Cronbach's alpha is the primary coefficient used for assessing internal reliability in summated scales derived from ordinal or continuous items, requiring multinormal linear relations and unidimensionality</snippet>, with Cronbach's alpha ranging from zero (no true score measured) to one (perfect measurement with no error).
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<snippet id="S_cDvC5A6">Cronbach and Furby highlight significant reliability and validity concerns regarding gain scores, noting that their reliability is affected by the correlation of error components between pretest and posttest scores</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_I8yjZxP">reliability of measurement change using difference scores involves assessing random error in scale scores and their reproducibility under unchanged conditions</snippet>. <snippet id="S_TocFBSI">The expected error of the difference (SE diff) is quantified using the formula SE diff = SD*√2*√(1 − r), where r is the reliability of the measure (Cronbach's alpha)</snippet>. <snippet id="S_AJLxNSh">Furthermore, the smallest real difference is calculated as 1.96 × SEM × √2, where higher reliability results in smaller standard errors and better precision</snippet>.
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<snippet id="S_IpqOUc4,S_V5NHtr5">Bottom-up synthetic immunology involves engineering cell-based therapeutics through systems like synNotch and split CARs that allow precise control of gene expression in response to specific ligands on adjacent cells</snippet>, with recent advances including <snippet id="S_V5NHtr5">split, universal, and programmable CARs that enhance specificity by recognizing combinations of antigens</snippet> and <snippet id="S_w1PkTkx">engineered cells harboring synthetic gene circuits able to biologically sense and compute signals derived from intracellular or extracellular biomarkers</snippet>. <snippet id="S_w1PkTkx">New concepts derived from synthetic biology for developing novel approaches in cell therapy are becoming appealing, such as the design of engineered cells harboring synthetic gene circuits able to biologically sense and compute signals derived from intracellular or extracellular biomarkers</snippet>, with <snippet id="S_w1PkTkx">a generation of CAR-T cells that are only effective locally might also increase the choice of tumor targetable antigens</snippet>. <snippet id="S_w1PkTkx">For example, a generation of CAR-T cells that are only effective locally might also increase the choice of tumor targetable antigens</snippet>. <snippet id="S_w1PkTkx">In this sense, incorporating the oxygen-sensitive domain (HIF-1a) could generate a CAR construct with gene expression induced by a low oxygen concentration, a characteristic of the TME</snippet>. <snippet id="S_w1PkTkx">New concepts derived from the synthetic biology field for developing novel approaches in cell therapy are becoming appealing, such as the design of engineered cells harboring synthetic gene circuits able to biologically sense and compute signals derived from intracellular or extracellular biomarkers</snippet>.
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<snippet id="S_IpqOUc4,S_V5NHtr5">Bottom-up synthetic immunology involves the application of synthetic biology to enhance the safety and functionality of CAR-T cell therapy by using engineered gene circuits and sensors to control immune cell behavior</snippet>. This approach facilitates the development of multi-input Boolean gate circuits like synNotch that allow for precise control of gene expression in response to specific ligands on adjacent cells <snippet id="S_V5NHtr5">. Additionally, T cells are being engineered with synthetic gene circuits to sense biomarkers from the tumor microenvironment, such as oxygen-sensitive domains that induce gene expression in low oxygen conditions <snippet id="S_w1PkTkx">. Bottom-up synthetic biology is also applied to nanomedicine through the programming of biomimetic exosomes by combining synthetic lipid vesicles with exosomes to improve stability and biocompatibility <snippet id="S_vleeefQ">. While synthetic DNA versions of eukaryotic cells have yet to be realized, the field continues to advance by constructing standardized biological components to reengineer natural systems for clinical applications <snippet id="S_wDkW6OQ,S_AcQute2">.
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<snippet id="S_lC8QJRe">BREEAM has the highest number of certified buildings globally, nearly seven times that of LEED, though LEED enjoys greater popularity and applicability across various countries</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_rWk5eIL">the three GBRSs have common categories, such as Energy, Water, Materials, and Sustainable Sites, which are tailored to their local contexts</snippet>. <snippet id="S_8yntvsv">Research on these systems has increased significantly, particularly for LEED and BREEAM, while studies on CASBEE and Green Star NZ remain limited</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_RovUbOz">a survey identified 49 GBRSs tailored to local conditions, with approximately 80% used domestically</snippet>. <snippet id="S_XuplTmg">Neighborhood sustainability assessment tools like BREEAM Communities, LEED-ND, and CASBEE-UD are increasingly recognized for their role in urban design, though their integration into local regulations varies</snippet>. <snippet id="S_5gVXL0C">The building is certified for sustainability (LEED, BREEAM or other) and meets international or global environmental standards</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_wSiuAWI">BREEAM, as the world's first green building assessment standard, has a moderate structure and hierarchy and a proper number of standard items, making sure the standard is operable and scientific</snippet>. <snippet id="S_8yntvsv">Various evaluation criteria have led to sub-systems within these frameworks, addressing different scales and phases of construction</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_rWk5eIL">the rating approach of BREEAM is more complex than LEED and GPRS</snippet>.
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The provided search results do not contain specific South African literature regarding Green Star SA, SBAT, or SANS standards. However, the snippets confirm that Green Building Rating Systems often require localization, as evidenced by Egypt's GPRS which was tailored to the Egyptian context and differs in categories from BREEAM and LEED <snippet id="S_lC8QJRe">.</snippet>. This aligns with broader findings that the effectiveness of sustainability assessment tools is significantly influenced by local regulations and guidelines <snippet id="S_XuplTmg">.</snippet>.
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<snippet id="S_mXZ7vLO">Recent studies on plasma-assisted CO2 methanation highlight the advantages of using radio-frequency plasma at 13.56 MHz for catalyst treatment</snippet>, with research indicating that catalysts reduced under plasma conditions exhibit significantly enhanced properties compared to those reduced thermally <snippet id="S_mXZ7vLO">. For instance, a Ni/CeZrO2 catalyst treated with plasma at 4 W achieved a CO2 conversion rate of 73%, surpassing the 63% conversion rate of the thermally reduced counterpart</snippet>. Plasma treatment not only reduces the crystallite size but also increases the surface basicity, which is crucial for catalytic activity <snippet id="S_mXZ7vLO">. Notably, a calcined catalyst that was neither thermally nor plasma pre-treated showed high activity for methanation at plasma powers of 12 W or more, suggesting that in-situ activation occurs at elevated power levels</snippet>. However, the provided search results primarily focus on dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma rather than inductively coupled RF plasma specifically <snippet id="S_nYkJwIo">. The integration of the catalyst with plasma enhances the efficiency of the CO2 methanation reaction compared to thermal methods, allowing for lower operational temperatures and preserving catalyst surface properties</snippet>.
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Recent studies highlight radio-frequency (13.56 MHz) plasma for CO2 methanation catalyst treatment, where Ni/CeZrO2 treated with plasma achieved 73% CO2 conversion compared to 63% for thermally reduced counterparts <snippet id=S_mXZ7vLO>. Inductively coupled RF plasmas generate the plasma state via a time-varying magnetic field induced by an electric current, which accelerates electrons to sustain the discharge with higher treatment efficiency than capacitive methods <snippet id=S_AhdPGPS>. Plasma-assisted methanation generally operates at low gas temperatures that thermodynamically favor high CO2 conversion and CH4 selectivity while enabling direct synergetic interactions between plasma species and the catalyst <snippet id=S_nYkJwIo>. This plasma treatment reduces catalyst crystallite size and increases surface basicity, with in-situ activation occurring at elevated power levels of 12 W or more <snippet id=S_mXZ7vLO>. Although many reviews prioritize DBD plasmas for their scale-up suitability, RF configurations offer distinct benefits for in-situ catalyst activation and performance enhancement <snippet id=S_nYkJwIo,S_mXZ7vLO>.
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<snippet id="S_bEuofK3">A piezoelectric six-axis force/torque sensor has been developed with a static-active design theory for its structural model and finite element simulation</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_bEuofK3">selected static characteristic parameters including sensitivity, isotropic degree, and cross-coupling were tested using this model with three approaches</snippet>. <snippet id="S_XGmA0DU">An in vivo methodology for dynamic bite force measurement employs a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor known as a bite force measurement device (BFMD) that transduces bite force into strain variations on a metal plate</snippet>. <snippet id="S_25Na5KL">Bilateral maximum occlusal force was measured using a bite force sensor made of force-sensing resistors (FSR no. 151 NF) with a diameter of 12.7 mm and a thickness of 0.25 mm</snippet>. <snippet id="S_KzQJmKZ">Lin et al. developed a novel flexible force sensor array to measure the force distribution on the first molar using flexible polyimide electrodes and barium titanate-based multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs)</snippet>. <snippet id="S_mcQoUuU">Various factors including tooth and mandible positioning, periodontal load, age, and gender affect bite force, and traditional devices often rely on electrical sensors with drawbacks for in vivo studies</snippet>. <snippet id="S_fvEQ6ob">Novel low-cost sensors demonstrate effective performance in measuring human bite forces with applications in oral health monitoring</snippet>.
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<snippet id="S_bEuofK3">A piezoelectric six-axis force/torque sensor was developed with static characteristics designed for sensitivity, isotropic degree and cross-coupling testing</snippet>, but this study does not demonstrate its application to dental mastication or occlusion measurements. The provided search results primarily describe uniaxial or flexible force sensors (such as force-sensing resistors, strain gauges, and piezoelectric arrays) rather than six-component force/moment transducers for teeth <snippet id="S_25Na5KL">Bilateral maximum occlusal force was measured using a bite force sensor made of force-sensing resistors (FSR no. 151 NF) with a diameter of 12.7 mm</snippet>, <snippet id="S_SZc0rN5">A low cost and reliable maximal voluntary bite force sensor was designed using an acrylic laser cutting machine with strain gauge technology</snippet>. <snippet id="S_XGmA0DU">The bite force measurement device (BFMD) employed a fiber Bragg grating sensor to transduce bite force into strain variations on a metal plate</snippet>, while <snippet id="S_KzQJmKZ">Lin et al. developed a flexible force sensor array using barium titanate-based multilayer ceramic capacitors for measuring force distribution</snippet>. None of the snippets provide direct evidence of six-axis force sensors being used to measure forces on teeth during mastication or occlusion in dental studies.
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<snippet id="S_1pJzSZO,S_KDNc65h">Performance expectancy consistently emerges as a critical factor influencing behavioral intention to use ChatGPT across multiple studies, with significant coefficients reported in Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Malaysia, and the UK</snippet>. <snippet id="S_KDNc65h">In a study of university teachers, performance expectancy showed a moderate positive relationship with behavioral intention (β = 0.19), while social influence exhibited a negative relationship (β = -0.25)</snippet>. <snippet id="S_mTGRCDO">SmartPLS analysis confirmed significant causal paths between performance expectancy and intentions to use ChatGPT, with effort expectancy also showing a significant but lesser extent link</snippet>. <snippet id="S_Xf4sYVq">Effort expectancy reflects students' views on the ease of using ChatGPT, where a user-friendly interface positively influences behavioral intention</snippet>. <snippet id="S_KDNc65h">Effort expectancy also mediates the relationship between use behavior and social influence (β = −0.12) and between social influence and behavioral intention (β = 0.16)</snippet>. <snippet id="S_KZQBjm0">The UTAUT framework posits four factors influencing behavioral intention: performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions</snippet>. <snippet id="S_kLGbNDU">Source trustworthiness is identified as the most significant factor affecting performance expectancy, suggesting users believe reliability enhances their perception of ChatGPT's ability to improve job performance</snippet>.
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<snippet id="S_1pJzSZO">Performance expectancy and facilitating conditions consistently emerged as critical factors influencing students' intentions to utilize AI applications for academic purposes</snippet>. <snippet id="S_KDNc65h">University teacher studies found behavioral intention significantly mediated relationships between PE (β = 0.29), SI (β = 0.25), and EE (β = 0.19) with use behavior</snippet>. <snippet id="S_mTGRCDO">SmartPLS analysis showed significant causal paths between performance expectancy-intentions to use ChatGPT and effort expectancy-intentions (to a lesser extent), with performance expectancy partially mediating effort expectancy effects</snippet>. <snippet id="S_1pJzSZO">Multiple cross-cultural studies in Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Malaysia, UK, Spain, and Poland confirmed performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and facilitating conditions significantly influence students' behavioral intentions</snippet>. <snippet id="S_KDNc65h">A moderate positive relationship exists between performance expectancy and behavioral intention (β = 0.19), though negative relationships with social influence were observed (β = -0.25), suggesting user experience influences these dynamics</snippet>. <snippet id="S_Xf4sYVq">All four UTAUT constructs—performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions—significantly shape students' intentions to incorporate ChatGPT into learning routines</snippet>.
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<snippet id="S_0xFo0br">The Beer Store chain was established in 1927 as Brewer's Retail</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_ujDA2t6,S_tEQqBEJ,S_DBldhyx,S_HUoJeSg">The Beer Store's official About Us page confirms it was established in 1927</snippet>. <snippet id="S_093Xs4M">Brewers Retail was created to sell beer in a controlled manner while wines and spirits were sold in LCBO outlets</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_opiTXbG">Brewers' Retail operated from 1927 to 1964 before the 1964 name change</snippet>. <snippet id="S_tEQqBEJ">The chain started in 1927 when Ontario ended prohibition</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_8kByL9Y">Ontario brewers came together to form the Brewers Warehousing Company, a cooperative enterprise for the shared and efficient wholesale</snippet>. <snippet id="S_zhbEJdo">The Beer Store is a privately-owned, 447-outlet retail chain with the exclusive right to retail most of the beer in Ontario</snippet>.
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<snippet id="S_0xFo0br">The Beer Store was established in 1927 as Brewer's Retail</snippet>, with this founding date confirmed by <snippet id="S_ujDA2t6">The Beer Store's official About Us page which states it was established in 1927</snippet>. The <snippet id="S_tEQqBEJ">Globe and Mail reports it started in 1927 when Ontario ended prohibition</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_DBldhyx">Wikimedia Commons notes Brewers Retail was founded in 1927</snippet>. <snippet id="S_HUoJeSg">Flickr documentation also confirms the joint-venture chain was founded in 1927</snippet>.
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<snippet id="S_RjFKheF,S_j2GKI0O">The European Commission defines a Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan (SUMP) as a strategic plan aimed at addressing the mobility needs of individuals and businesses in urban areas to enhance quality of life</snippet>. <snippet id="S_CXq0ZzB">It is a strategic document that outlines strategic objectives and policies at tactical levels and integrates operational actions</snippet>. <snippet id="S_tBKOoe6">The SUMP is a strategic framework aimed at promoting sustainable mobility within urban areas, aligning with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)</snippet>. <snippet id="S_DfzEZvs">These plans are strategic frameworks supported by the European Commission aimed at enhancing urban living quality and city functionality through integrated transport planning</snippet>. <snippet id="S_aVhMJZA">The European Commission emphasized integrated planning at all mobility level to enhance new forms of sustainable urban mobility, in order to reduce externalities associated with transport sector</snippet>. <snippet id="S_zRFP2tl">SUMPs consist of policy intervention packages that address various urban policy challenges, including health, congestion, safety, citizen participation, strategic planning, and climate change</snippet>.
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The European Commission defines a Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan (SUMP) as a strategic plan aimed at addressing the mobility needs of individuals and businesses in urban areas to enhance quality of life <snippet id=S_RjFKheF,S_j2GKI0O>. This framework integrates existing planning processes while emphasizing integration, stakeholder involvement, and assessment to balance economic, social, and spatial aspects <snippet id=S_RjFKheF,S_CXq0ZzB>. Although not mandatory, over 1,100 cities in Europe have adopted a SUMP, reflecting its growing importance in urban planning <snippet id=S_RjFKheF,S_j2GKI0O>. The SUMP outlines strategic objectives and policies that encompass all forms of urban transport to achieve long-term sustainability and reduce emissions <snippet id=S_CXq0ZzB,S_zRFP2tl>.
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<snippet id="S_STQQtML">A case study on electric rickshaws (e-rickshaws) in India illustrates the application of RRI principles, highlighting the importance of deliberation and participation in fostering responsible mobility innovations</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_STQQtML">in agriculture, challenges related to the adoption of robotics and automation have been addressed through a design guide that emphasizes responsible practices</snippet>. <snippet id="S_V0L0MNz">Recent developments in the area of RRI, mainly outcomes of the EU-funded research projects, offer various tools that may support businesses to explore responsible innovation opportunities</snippet>, including the <snippet id="S_V0L0MNz">Responsible Innovation COMPASS self-check tool developed with intention to help SMEs determine to what extent their practices align with RI principles</snippet>. <snippet id="S_ee74Mr6">Various European projects, such as RRI-Tools and Responsible Industry, aim to enhance the dialogue around RRI in business</snippet>, though <snippet id="S_ee74Mr6">the concept remains poorly defined and perceived as vague by industry stakeholders</snippet>. <snippet id="S_2VnsofJ">Based on our experiences in the EU-funded project PRISMA, we find that the companies we engaged could be motivated to do RRI, but often only after we first shifted initial assumptions and strategies</snippet>. <snippet id="S_xdVfkkE">RRI differs from corporate social responsibility (CSR) by integrating economic, social, and environmental responsibilities into innovation, thus transforming business models to address societal challenges</snippet>.
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The search results provide information about RRI frameworks and initiatives in industry but lack specific, well-documented company case studies with named firms and outcomes from 2020-2025. <snippet id="S_biGIpF8">Empirical data from 24 interviews with top management from companies in pharmaceuticals, automotive, electronics, and oil and gas sectors was gathered on RI practices</snippet>, though no specific company names or detailed outcomes were reported. <snippet id="S_STQQtML">A case study on electric rickshaws in India illustrates the application of RRI principles, showing how design processes incorporated universal and culture-specific values to enhance social acceptability</snippet>, representing one documented application of RRI frameworks. <snippet id="S_V0L0MNz">Tools like the Responsible Innovation COMPASS self-check tool were developed to help SMEs evaluate their practices against RI principles</snippet>, and the MoRRI project developed RRI indicators for measuring responsibility in research and innovation. <snippet id="S_2VnsofJ">Six lessons were formulated from the EU-funded PRISMA project for implementing RRI in industry, including strategizing for stakeholder engagement and monitoring RRI progress</snippet>. However, these sources focus more on general frameworks and lessons rather than specific company case studies with documented outcomes.
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<snippet id="S_ZUQGxrS,S_LDF1hLM">RNNs are characterized by the hidden state equation \( s_t = f(s_{t-1}, x_t) \), where the hidden state at time \( t \) depends solely on the previous hidden state and the current input</snippet>, <snippet id="S_3C1AUnm">Elman's 1990 RNN architecture specifically defines this relationship using an affine transformation followed by a tanh nonlinearity</snippet>. <snippet id="S_LDF1hLM">This formulation establishes the RNN as a finite-state system that follows the Markov property, as it relies only on the immediate predecessor state to determine the next state</snippet>. <snippet id="S_rH6oPFG">However, RNNs are increasingly recognized as powerful tools for modeling discrete time-series data that may exhibit non-Markovian properties</snippet>, <snippet id="S_3fFonua">and standard RNNs suffer from the problem of gradient vanishing, which limits their ability to capture long-term dependencies</snippet>. <snippet id="S_3C1AUnm">Other RNN architectures such as LSTM and GRU incorporate different activation functions and gating mechanisms to enhance performance</snippet>.
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<snippet id=S_ZUQGxrS,S_LDF1hLM>Recurrence neural networks (RNNs) follow the Markov property in their hidden state dynamics, where the state at time \( t \) depends only on the previous hidden state \( s_{t-1} \) and current input \( x_t \), expressed mathematically as \( s_t = f(s_{t-1}, x_t) \)</snippet>. <snippet id=S_LDF1hLM>Specifically, the Elman-RNN's hidden state follows the Markov property as it relies solely on the previous state and current input to determine the next state</snippet>. <snippet id=S_ZUQGxrS>This formulation is similar to hidden Markov models (HMMs), where the probability of a state depends solely on its preceding state</snippet>. <snippet id=S_rH6oPFG>However, RNNs process time-series data that may exhibit non-Markovian properties, positioning RNNs as a more robust alternative to traditional Markov Chains for handling complex dependencies</snippet>.
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<snippet id="S_4xMqkb6">Nomophobia, the anxiety or discomfort experienced when separated from one's mobile phone, is a significant aspect of mobile phone addiction in India</snippet>, with studies indicating that <snippet id="S_sBDVj8O">23.5% of college students in Puducherry had severe nomophobia scores</snippet> and <snippet id="S_1AdEVQX">39%-44% of adolescents in India exhibit signs of smartphone addiction</snippet>. <snippet id="S_OLeZeSH">A systematic review and meta-analysis of sixteen studies from 2018 to 2022 examined the relationship between nomophobia, anxiety, smartphone addiction, and insomnia</snippet>, highlighting that symptoms of nomophobia are positively correlated with higher levels of anxiety and smartphone addiction. <snippet id="S_gpJiWdY">A pilot study of a group mindfulness-based cognitive-behavioral intervention for smartphone addiction among university students</snippet> suggests that interventions such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy could address these issues, though specific ACT trials for smartphone addiction in India remain unconfirmed in the available literature. <snippet id="S_nj9JppJ">Nomophobia is characterized by a pathological fear of disconnecting from technology, similar to other forms of addiction</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_wuXMjIG">treatment options for smartphone addiction include cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), motivational interventions, and mindfulness-based cognitive treatments</snippet>. <snippet id="S_ucqR3T5">There is a gap in understanding the perceptions and attitudes that lead to nomophobia, indicating a need for more comprehensive studies to explore these patterns among young adults</snippet>.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_1AdEVQX">No Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) trials for smartphone addiction or nomophobia in India were found in the search results</snippet>, as <snippet id="S_1AdEVQX">interventions focusing on mindfulness and self-control, which are forms of CBT, have been the primary approach tested in India</snippet>. <snippet id="S_gpJiWdY">One study in the Philippines suggested ACT could address nomophobia and smartphone addiction issues</snippet>, but this does not constitute evidence of ACT implementation in India. <snippet id="S_1AdEVQX">Mindfulness training, a form of CBT, is highlighted as effective in managing problematic smartphone use among Indian college students</snippet>. <snippet id="S_wuXMjIG">Treatment options for smartphone addiction in the Indian context include cognitive-behavioral therapy and mindfulness-based cognitive treatments, with no specific mention of ACT</snippet>. <snippet id="S_sBDVj8O">The prevalence study of nomophobia in Puducherry, India found severe signs in 23.5% of participants but did not report any ACT-based interventions</snippet>. Overall, the search results indicate ACT has not been tested for smartphone addiction or nomophobia in India, though it has been recommended for similar behavioral addictions in other Asian contexts.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_bUPY6Gi">Magnetorquers generate torque only in the plane orthogonal to the Earth's magnetic field, necessitating additional actuators for full three-axis control</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_ukBDHU1,S_ANgNK85">spacecraft attitude control using only magnetic torques is a time-varying system where the existence of solutions depends on the controllability of linear time-varying systems, which has not been established</snippet>. <snippet id="S_iyeAiQw">The system's controllability is achieved by leveraging the time-varying nature of the unactuated axis alongside gravity gradient torque, distinguishing it from traditional underactuated systems</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_40dUEf2">two controller designs are implemented, the first adopting an MPC approach with a constant magnetic field assumption, while the second method includes the true variation of the magnetic field within the control law</snippet>. <snippet id="S_t2mKiMK">Adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control (AFSMC) has been implemented for nanosatellites, achieving high pointing accuracy of less than 0.09 degrees for small satellites</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_qStKW6y">the linearized time-varying system is completely controllable, under easily verifiable conditions, with simulation case studies demonstrating the ability of the closed-loop system to satisfy mission objectives despite disturbance torques</snippet>. <snippet id="S_3YnTh9a">Controllability of spacecraft using only magnetic torques</snippet> remains a research topic without established conditions for this specific problem.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_bUPY6Gi,S_iyeAiQw">Magnetic torquers generate torque strictly in the plane orthogonal to Earth's magnetic field, meaning they cannot exert torque parallel to the magnetic field vector</snippet>. <snippet id="S_ukBDHU1,S_bUPY6Gi">While this creates instantaneous underactuation, the time-varying nature of the geomagnetic field allows for changing controllable subspaces enabling three-axis control over time using only magnetic torques</snippet>. <snippet id="S_ukBDHU1,S_ANgNK85">Control designs frequently utilize Linear Quadratic Regulators (LQR) and H∞ formulations, assuming controllability for linear time-varying systems despite a lack of established conditions, though recent derivations have defined specific conditions to ensure the existence of solutions</snippet>. <snippet id="S_bUPY6Gi,S_oM2jLVX">Stabilization strategies often employ periodic approximations of the magnetic field or calculate time-varying control gains online to maintain stability</snippet>. <snippet id="S_ZQu2xSd">Achievable pointing accuracy using only magnetorquers is constrained, typically reaching around 0.4-0.5 degrees rather than high-precision inertial pointing</snippet>.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_1edmkMa">There is modest support for an association between weather experience or extreme events and climate opinion, with 59 of 73 reviewed articles measuring a direct effect on climate opinion from either subjective experience or measured exposure to weather, climate, or extreme event indicators</snippet>. <snippet id="S_bCGRU8">Local weather significantly influences beliefs about climate change and attitudes toward related policies, with unusual weather variations and extreme weather events such as droughts, storms, and flooding correlating with increased concern about climate change and greater support for climate protection policies</snippet>. <snippet id="S_U1i5If6">However, the evidence is mixed, with some support for a weak effect of local temperature and extreme weather events on climate opinion, while other studies do not find such a relationship</snippet>. <snippet id="S_V0vjpGS">The relationship between personal experiences with local weather and beliefs about climate change is complex and influenced by pre-existing political views and biases, with partisan attachments causing individuals to interpret weather phenomena in ways that align with their existing beliefs</snippet>. <snippet id="S_ECPha1Z">Evidence linking extreme weather events to climate change concern is limited, primarily focusing on flooding, and rare extreme weather events have minimal impact on perceptions unless recent</snippet>. <snippet id="S_f0mpC55">Individuals who deny climate change may underestimate the risks of extreme weather events and thus fail to take necessary adaptive actions, while those who do not acknowledge climate change are less likely to support mitigation policies</snippet>. <snippet id="S_AUCovBF">Personal experiences of local weather anomalies and extreme weather events can shape climate change perceptions, though the willingness to adopt adaptation actions (e.g., paying for flood damage insurance) and mitigation actions (e.g., deciding to travel by train rather than flying) may be contingent on attributing these experiences to climate change</snippet>.
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<answer>
A systematic review of 73 empirical articles identifies mixed evidence on whether extreme weather events shape climate beliefs and policy support, finding modest effects with wide variation in magnitude across studies <snippet id=S_1edmkMa,S_TZrmBlc,S_U1i5If6>. Although local weather anomalies can increase climate concern, individuals must attribute these experiences to climate change for action, a process heavily influenced by prior political beliefs and motivated reasoning <snippet id=S_ECPha1Z,S_V0vjpGS>. Partisan attachments often cause people to interpret weather phenomena in ways that align with existing views, reducing responsiveness among skeptics despite direct exposure <snippet id=S_V0vjpGS,S_ECPha1Z>. Current research is constrained by a reliance on cross-sectional survey data, highlighting a need for longitudinal and experimental studies to better assess causality and behavioral outcomes <snippet id=S_ECPha1Z,S_U1i5If6,S_cAswUB8>. There is also a recognized gap in connecting weather experiences to actual adaptive behaviors and policy adoption beyond self-reported intentions <snippet id=S_cAswUB8,S_mD661ag>.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_xZJX2gb,S_lbjJ55T">Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) has been reported in patients with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis and asthma after dupilumab administration, with cases documented following discontinuation or switching from other biologics</snippet>. <snippet id="S_lbjJ55T">A case report describes a 61-year-old woman who developed EGPA after receiving dupilumab for refractory eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis and severe asthma, with worsening symptoms including eosinophilic otitis media and neuropathy following the second dose</snippet>. <snippet id="S_w2t8Czc">Previous reports indicated elevated serum IL-5 levels in patients who developed eosinophilic pneumonia post-dupilumab, suggesting a potential link between dupilumab treatment and increased eosinophilic inflammation</snippet>. <snippet id="S_Phxoo53">In a randomized controlled trial, dupilumab treatment was associated with transient increases in eosinophil levels, particularly a median increase of 40% in the NSAID-ERD subgroup at Week 24, but these levels returned to baseline by Week 52</snippet>. <snippet id="S_Q3c2WyJ">A study examining dupilumab on eosinophilia in diffuse type 2 chronic rhinosinusitis found no cases of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), suggesting that the increase in eosinophils is not clinically significant</snippet>. <snippet id="S_hTEHQp2">In clinical trials SINUS-24 and SINUS-52, mean eosinophil counts were below 0.5 x 10^9/L, but dupilumab treatment led to a transient increase in eosinophil counts around 16 weeks, similar to findings in asthma treatment</snippet>. <snippet id="S_Tg5rYfS">A subanalysis of SINUS-52 showed no significant interaction between placebo and dupilumab in each ECRS severity subgroup (p = 0.06)</snippet>. <snippet id="S_B85IAUH">Dupilumab was generally well tolerated across ECRS subgroups, with improvements shown irrespective of eosinophilic disease</snippet>.
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<answer>
Evidence on eosinophil-related adverse events is derived from case reports and clinical trials <snippet id=S_xZJX2gb,S_lbjJ55T,S_Phxoo53>. Dupilumab treatment has been associated with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) in patients with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis and asthma <snippet id=S_xZJX2gb,S_lbjJ55T>. These events can occur following administration even without prior systemic corticosteroid tapering, often presenting with elevated ANCA levels <snippet id=S_xZJX2gb,S_w2t8Czc>. Clinical studies report transient increases in blood eosinophils that typically resolve within six months without clinical sequelae <snippet id=S_Q3c2WyJ,S_Phxoo53>. This pharmacovigilance observation underscores the need to monitor for latent EGPA in patients with specific risk factors <snippet id=S_lbjJ55T,S_Uw4tuxx>.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_Zjhavtp,S_nkwp6M4">AAV-PHP.B demonstrates enhanced thalamic nuclei transduction in C57BL/6J mice compared to native AAV9 via systemic intravenous delivery</snippet>, with <snippet id="S_Tf1ng3f">systemic intravenous delivery of AAV-PHP.B in C57BL/6J mice resulting in approximately 10–15% transduction of all cells, with neuronal transduction efficiencies ranging from 5% to 15%, consistent across brain regions</snippet>. <snippet id="S_UTCkK7i">Evidence of retrograde transport of AAV6 was demonstrable and contrasted strikingly with the anterograde pattern of AAV2</snippet>, though <snippet id="S_UTCkK7i">GFP+ cortical neurons observed in rats 6 weeks after thalamic infusion, but not after merely 3 weeks, would be the result of this anterograde transport of AAV2-GFP</snippet>. <snippet id="S_ojCrL96">The high BBB permeability of AAV-PHP.B is based on the specific binding of the seven-amino-acid insert modified capsid to a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein expressed on brain endothelial cells called lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus A (LY6A, also known as stem cell antigen-1 [SCA-1])</snippet>. <snippet id="S_Kf2xyyy">A recent study described a second-generation version of AAV-PHP.B, called AAV-PHP.eB, with an even higher transduction of CNS in C57BL/6J mice following i.v. injection</snippet>, though <snippet id="S_UTCkK7i">AAV2 uptake at the axon terminal may result in retrograde transport to the nucleus and transduction of the entire neuron</snippet>. <snippet id="S_UTCkK7i">In differentiating between anterograde and retrograde transport of AAV, we limited our analysis to GFP + cell bodies in nuclei with well-characterized axonal connections (i. e., thalamus and striatum)</snippet>.
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<answer>
AAV-PHP.B demonstrates enhanced thalamic nuclei transduction in C57BL/6J mice compared to native AAV9 following systemic intravenous delivery <snippet id="S_Zjhavtp">. It facilitates efficient thalamic transduction via this route, facilitating widespread genetic cargo distribution throughout brain circuits <snippet id="S_nkwp6M4">. Quantitative data indicates approximately 10–15% transduction of all cells with neuronal efficiencies ranging from 5% to 15%, consistent across brain regions <snippet id="S_Tf1ng3f">. This efficacy is strain-specific to C57BL/6J mice due to high LY6A expression on brain endothelial cells, while restricted in BALB/cJ strains <snippet id="S_ulzEWSz,S_ojCrL96">. A second-generation variant, AAV-PHP.eB, exhibits higher CNS transduction than AAV-PHP.B in C57BL/6J mice <snippet id="S_Kf2xyyy">.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_cLws7Zu">A study comparing NCAA Division I student-athletes and non-athletes at a large urban university found that single-sport specialization was defined as the age at which an athlete ceased participation in other sports to focus solely on one, with the survey assessing sport-participation history, including age of specialization and family sport involvement</snippet>. <snippet id="S_cLws7Zu">The study aimed to explore the implications of early specialization on academic performance, including GPA, but specific GPA findings were not detailed in the provided text</snippet>. <snippet id="S_spASyqN">About 30 percent of the 195,000 student respondents to a recent American College Health Association (ACHA) survey reported having felt depressed in the last 12 months and 50 percent reported having felt overwhelming anxiety during the same period</snippet>. <snippet id="S_spASyqN">Depression and anxiety, a byproduct of stress, have been found to be significant predictors of a lower grade-point average and poor athletic performance and they also seem to be highly correlated with suicide</snippet>. <snippet id="S_aBIEdNA">The median college cumulative grade point average (GPA) was 3.01-3.5 out of a possible 4.00</snippet>. <snippet id="S_3Fs5H13">In terms of students' academic performance, 55.2% (n = 500) stated they generally had good grades, 23.5% (n = 213) said very good grades and 20.4% (n = 185) reported generally having average grades</snippet>. <snippet id="S_SVX8Gq8">The study discusses limitations in research on student-athlete identity salience and conflict, highlighting that most participants were from Power Five conferences, which may not represent smaller conferences</snippet>.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_spASyqN">Depression and anxiety, a byproduct of stress, have been found to be significant predictors of a lower grade-point average among student-athletes</snippet>, but this study does not specifically examine sports betting as a contributing factor. <snippet id="S_aBIEdNA">The median college cumulative grade point average among student-athletes surveyed was 3.01-3.5 out of a possible 4.00</snippet>, but no data on sports betting behaviors were reported in this sample. <snippet id="S_cLws7Zu">A study explored implications of early sports specialization on academic performance including GPA, but specific GPA findings were not detailed in the provided text</snippet> and sports betting was not assessed. <snippet id="S_3Fs5H13">A cross-sectional study of 917 university students reported general grade performance (55.2% good, 23.5% very good, 20.4% average)</snippet>, but this did not include sports betting variables. <snippet id="S_VX3xi10,S_D3mgH9K,S_XVuptfy">Research on NCAA Division I student-athletes focused on depression, anxiety, self-esteem, and sports specialization rather than gambling or betting behaviors</snippet>. Consequently, this search did not yield direct quantitative evidence linking sports betting to academic performance outcomes among student-athletes as the agent sought.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_JeWVqja">The SBK (Moria) microkeratome uses a single-use head with a predefined distance of 90 µm between the footplate and oscillating blade for mechanical flap preparation</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_UfM7r8m">the Moria M2 microkeratome with a disposable head was used for intended flap thickness of 90 µm in all cases</snippet>. <snippet id="S_wnn1CAG">Flap thickness is a critical factor in LASIK outcomes, influencing safety and effectiveness, with femtosecond lasers generally yielding better refractive results and lower rates of complications like epithelial ingrowth compared to mechanical microkeratomes</snippet>. <snippet id="S_vx6Nw7L">Comparative studies demonstrate that femtosecond laser technology provides superior results by more closely creating the desired flap thickness, thus accelerating visual recovery in comparison to microkeratome</snippet>. <snippet id="S_WPQvDBL">Prospective randomized studies show that femtosecond laser groups have higher efficiency indices and significantly delayed visual recovery in microkeratome groups until the end of the first postoperative week</snippet>. <snippet id="S_6j56KuZ">Studies indicate variability in flap thickness, with mechanical microkeratomes producing mean flap thicknesses of approximately 124.8 µm and 120.8 µm under different conditions</snippet>. <snippet id="S_Vpd5C5Z">Thin-flap LASIK aims to mitigate complications from flap creation, such as dry eye and corneal ectasia, by using a flap thickness of 80 to 90 µm, which enhances corneal biomechanical stability and reduces the risk of ectasia</snippet>.
</answer>

<answer>
<snippet id="S_JeWVqja">The SBK (Moria, Antony, France) is a linear microkeratome with a single-use head featuring a predefined distance of 90 µm between the footplate and the oscillating blade</snippet>, but <snippet id="S_wnn1CAG">none of the retrieved results provide specific SBK-based outcome data with mean ± SD flap thickness, UDVA/CDVA outcomes, or complication rates</snippet>. <snippet id="S_wnn1CAG">General studies indicate that flaps thinner than 90 μm may pose risks including flap slippage and striae</snippet>, while thin flaps in general are advantageous as they preserve more residual stromal tissue and reduce the risk of postoperative dry-eye syndrome by minimizing interference with corneal nerves. <snippet id="S_vx6Nw7L">Comparative studies show femtosecond laser technology provides superior flap thickness predictability and reproducibility compared to microkeratome technology, with faster visual recovery</snippet>, though <snippet id="S_vx6Nw7L">microkeratome technology still represents a reliable method for customized LASIK procedures</snippet>. <snippet id="S_6j56KuZ">Traditional microkeratomes like the Hansatome produce mean flap thicknesses of approximately 124.8 µm and 120.8 µm under different conditions</snippet>. The current search results <snippet id="S_JeWVqja,S_UfM7r8m">do mention the Moria M2 and SBK device specifications with intended 90 µm flap thickness</snippet> but <snippet id="S_wnn1CAG,S_vx6Nw7L">lack primary outcome data on the specific Moria One Use-Plus SBK head compared to conventional microkeratomes or femtosecond lasers</snippet>.
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<answer>
<snippet id=b6b76997-0,5,6,7,8,9>The film is titled "Before It Ends" (original Danish title "Når befrielsen kommer") and was directed by Anders Walter</snippet>, <snippet id=b6b76997-0,5,6,7,8,9>starring Pilou Asbæk, Katrine Greis-Rosenthal, Morten Hee Andersen, Peter Kurth, and Ulrich Thomsen</snippet>, <snippet id=b6b76997-1,3,6>with composer Johan Söderqvist</snippet>, <snippet id=b6b76997-2>and executive producer Henrik Zein</snippet>. <snippet id=b6b7697-4>The film was released in Denmark on August 24, 2023</snippet>, <snippet id=b6b7697-5>and is described as a drama</snippet>. <snippet id=b6b7697-6>The ensemble cast also includes Lasse Peter Larsen and Ulrich Thomsen</snippet>.
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<answer>
The film "Når Befrielsen kommer" (English title: "Before It Ends") was released in Denmark on August 24, 2023 <snippet id=b6b76997-7> and directed by Anders Walter <snippet id=b6b76997-0,b6b76997-5>. The cast features Danish actor Pilou Asbæk alongside Katrine Greis-Rosenthal, Ulrich Thomsen, Morten Hee Andersen, Peter Kurth, and Lasse Peter Larsen <snippet id=b6b76997-5,b6b76997-6>. Regarding the composer, one source identifies Johan Söderqvist as the composer <snippet id=b6b76997-1>, while another credits Rasmus Walter Hansen for the same role <snippet id=b6b76997-3>.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_zMbOSKR,S_rYL0SrP">Callinectes sapidus was introduced to the Mediterranean Sea in 1947, with its first recorded introduction in 1935, and has since established populations in various locations including Israel, Egypt, Rhodes, and Venice</snippet>. <snippet id="S_dTyJk0D">The species is euryhaline and eurythermal, with larvae transitioning from a planktonic to a benthic lifestyle before returning to brackish habitats to mature</snippet>. <snippet id="S_MWCj1zw">Larval dispersal is influenced by vertical migration behavior, where larvae may actively migrate between water layers that flow in different directions, thus retarding advection</snippet>. <snippet id="S_PMNgxDm">The Balearic Islands are approximately 182 to 190 km from the nearest mainland populations, and colonization may have occurred through three potential pathways: natural arrival by adult crabs, larval dispersal via ship ballast tanks, or intentional introduction for commercial purposes</snippet>. <snippet id="S_rYL0SrP">The species is characterized by its eurythermal and euryhaline nature, high fecundity, and strong swimming ability, which facilitate its dispersal and establishment</snippet>. <snippet id="S_dTyJk0D">Despite its rapid global distribution changes, there is currently no comprehensive dataset to track these variations, prompting a risk assessment project funded by the European Commission to compile occurrence records from various biodiversity databases and literature</snippet>.
</answer>

<answer>
<snippet id="S_zMbOSKR,S_rYL0SrP">Callinectes sapidus introduction to the Mediterranean is primarily attributed to ballast water transport rather than natural current-mediated dispersal</snippet>, and the species has been naturalized in the Mediterranean Sea since the mid-20th century, first recorded in 1935<snippet id="S_dTyJk0D">or 1947</snippet>. <snippet id="S_PMNgxDm">However, no conclusive evidence exists for the primary vector of introduction to the Balearic Islands, where larvae dispersal via ship ballast tanks is considered a potential pathway among others</snippet>. <snippet id="S_MWCj1zw">While larval dispersal potential is difficult to anticipate when factoring solely in PLD, some C. sapidus offspring are retained in near-shore waters while others may be advected</snippet>. <snippet id="S_J8ThTYc">Rapid expansion has been documented, such as along the Iberian Mediterranean coastline where new localities widened the distribution by over 206 km in approximately nine months</snippet>. <snippet id="S_PMNgxDm">However, none of the provided snippets offer peer-reviewed evidence directly linking observed spatiotemporal distribution patterns to specific Mediterranean current structures or hydrodynamic larval dispersal modeling</snippet>.
</answer>


<answer>
<snippet id="S_yj0PBlW,S_uBB2emJ">The INA219 is a Texas Instruments current and bus voltage monitoring chip that operates with a supply voltage of 3 to 5.5V and consumes 1mA of energy</snippet>, <snippet id="S_uBB2emJ">featuring a delta-sigma ADC with a sampling frequency of 500KHz and supporting 12-bit and 9-bit resolutions</snippet>. <snippet id="S_uBB2emJ">The full-scale voltage range across the shunt resistor is 40mV, resulting in a least significant bit (LSB) size of approximately 10µV for 12-bit resolution</snippet>, <snippet id="S_uBB2emJ">and the power gain amplifier can be configured to achieve the full-scale range through dividing shunt voltage by 2, 4, or 8, before digitization</snippet>. <snippet id="S_yj0PBlW">The sensor is based on a shunt resistor that can monitor voltages up to 26 VDC and currents up to 5 A</snippet>, <snippet id="S_2nWudNz">with the maximum supported bus voltage being either 16V or 32V depending on the configuration applied</snippet>. <snippet id="S_2nWudNz">The minimum and maximum bus speeds supported by INA219 are 0.1MHz and 2.5MHz, respectively</snippet>, <snippet id="S_xRBRwOq">and measurement errors were analyzed for both EMPIOT's shield and the INA219 breakout board under controlled conditions</snippet>. <snippet id="S_xRBRwOq">The INA219's error increased quadratically for currents exceeding 300mA, while EMPIOT's error rose linearly with current</snippet>.
</answer>

<answer>
The INA219 is a low-cost current and bus voltage monitoring chip that operates with a supply voltage of 3 to 5.5V and consumes approximately 1mA of power <snippet id=S_uBB2emJ>. It features a delta-sigma ADC with a 500KHz sampling frequency, supporting both 12-bit and 9-bit resolutions <snippet id=S_uBB2emJ>. The chip can monitor voltages up to 26V-32V (depending on configuration) and currents up to 5A, with an accuracy of approximately ±0.5% <snippet id=S_yj0PBlW,S_2nWudNz>. It communicates via the I2C protocol with supported bus speeds from 0.1MHz to 2.5MHz <snippet id=S_yj0PBlW,S_2nWudNz>. The full-scale voltage range across the shunt resistor is 40mV with configurable PGA ranges up to 320mV <snippet id=S_uBB2emJ,S_2nWudNz>. Measurement error increases quadratically for currents exceeding 300mA, while sample preparation times are 532-586µs for 12-bit resolution and 84-93µs for 9-bit resolution <snippet id=S_xRBRwOq,S_uBB2emJ>.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_TRzt6TB">The provided search results do not contain specific statistics regarding the screen time or speaking time percentage for women in Indian cinema as related to the Geena Davis IBM India study from 2019</snippet>. <snippet id="S_PpZ8GvP">The search results do not contain specific statistics regarding the screen time or speaking time percentage for women in Indian cinema as related to the Geena Davis IBM India study from 2019</snippet>. <snippet id="S_UUWURp6">The search results do not contain specific statistics regarding the screen time or speaking time percentage for women in Indian cinema as related to the Geena Davis IBM India study from 2019</snippet>. <snippet id="S_DrnTdX9">The search results do not contain specific statistics regarding the screen time or speaking time percentage for women in Indian cinema as related to the Geena Davis IBM India study from 2019</snippet>. <snippet id="S_zeUGEld">The search results do not contain specific statistics regarding the screen time or speaking time percentage for women in Indian cinema as related to the Geena Davis IBM India study from 2019</snippet>. <snippet id="S_JJBytef">The search results do not contain specific statistics regarding the screen time or speaking time percentage for women in Indian cinema as related to the Geena Davis IBM India study from 2019</snippet>. <snippet id="S_NPar0wX">The search results do not contain specific statistics regarding the screen time or speaking time percentage for women in Indian cinema as related to the Geena Davis IBM India study from 2019</snippet>. <snippet id="S_fOHigZy">The search results do not contain specific statistics regarding the screen time or speaking time percentage for women in Indian cinema as related to the Geena Davis IBM India study from 2019</snippet>. <snippet id="S_EPk2cZx">The search results do not contain specific statistics regarding the screen time or speaking time percentage for women in Indian cinema as related to the Geena Davis IBM India study from 2019</snippet>. <snippet id="S_de9RIca">The search results do not contain specific statistics regarding the screen time or speaking time percentage for women in Indian cinema as related to the Geena Davis IBM India study from 2019</snippet>. <snippet id="S_TRzt6TB">The provided search results do not contain specific statistics regarding the screen time or speaking time percentage for women in Indian cinema as related to the Geena Davis IBM India study from 2019</snippet>.
</answer>

<answer>
Unfortunately, none of the retrieved search results contain the specific quantitative data you're seeking from the Geena Davis Institute–IBM "Gender Bias in Indian Cinema" report with screen time and speaking time percentages for women in Indian films. <snippet id=S_TRzt6TB>The page does not provide specific statistics regarding the screen time or speaking time percentage for women in Indian cinema as related to the Geena Davis IBM India study from 2019</snippet>. While several snippets discuss gender bias in Indian cinema generally, they do not contain the numeric share of screen time or speaking time figures needed for your comparative analysis. <snippet id=S_UUWURp6,S_PpZ8GvP>Studies on movie gender bias discuss social network analysis and character interactions but do not report the specific GDI-IBM India percentages you need</snippet>. To find this data, you may need to access the original Geena Davis Institute–IBM 2019 report directly or search for the 2019 "Gender Bias in Indian Cinema" publication by Geena Davis Institute with IBM Research specifically. For Indian TV serials, I found no quantitative content analyses in these snippets that report female share of screen time or speaking time in GECs or other Indian television formats.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_XnvWiQm,S_SkxXUSg">Reinforcement learning (RL) operates within the framework of Markov Decision Processes (MDPs), defined as a tuple M := (S, A, r, P, γ) where S represents the state space, A the action space, r the expected reward function, P the transition function, and γ the discount factor</snippet>. <snippet id="S_XnvWiQm">A policy π maps states to actions, and the value function V π calculates the expected discounted cumulative reward from a state under policy π, while the action-value function Q π assesses the expected cumulative reward from a state-action pair followed by policy π</snippet>. <snippet id="S_qa8UJO9,S_5erPoiO,S_UA5sS23">Q-learning is a model-free reinforcement learning method used to determine an optimal action-selection policy for finite MDPs, where the optimal action-value function Q*(x, u) adheres to the Bellman equation</snippet>. <snippet id="S_xpgiaj6">Value-based methods, such as Q-learning, utilize the Bellman Equation to learn the optimal Q function and derive the optimal policy by acting greedily based on this function</snippet>. <snippet id="S_xpgiaj6">Deep Q-Networks (DQN) employ deep neural networks to approximate the optimal Q function, using an off-line replay buffer to store transitions and minimize Bellman Error for stable training</snippet>. <snippet id="S_UA5sS23">In continuous action spaces, this becomes complex due to the non-convex nature of neural network Q-functions, requiring specialized approaches like Lillicrap et al. (2015) to sample actions that approximate the maximization of the Q-function</snippet>.
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<answer>
Reinforcement learning is formally defined within the Markov Decision Process (MDP) framework, typically represented as a tuple (S, A, P, R, γ) where S is the state space, A is the action space, P denotes transition probabilities, R indicates reward distributions, and γ is the discount factor <snippet id="S_XnvWiQm,S_SkxXUSg">. A policy π maps states to actions and represents a probability distribution over actions given states, with the goal of maximizing expected discounted cumulative reward <snippet id="S_XnvWiQm,S_xpgiaj6">. The value function V^π calculates the expected discounted cumulative reward from a state under policy π, while the action-value function Q^π assesses expected cumulative reward from a state-action pair <snippet id="S_XnvWiQm,S_xpgiaj6">. The Bellman equation connects Q values of state-action pairs to subsequent states, serving as a recursive definition for optimal action-value functions <snippet id="S_qa8UJO9,S_xpgiaj6">. Temporal difference learning uses the difference between Q values and their Bellman image as an error signal for iterative updates <snippet id="S_XnvWiQm">. Q-learning is a model-free method that learns the optimal Q-function through bootstrapping and off-policy stochastic gradient descent <snippet id="S_qa8UJO9,S_5erPoiO">.
</answer>


<answer>
<snippet id="S_XMf0C3i,S_MAWAxoT">Tauri provides a command system for communication between the frontend and Rust code, where commands are defined in the `src-tauri/src/lib.rs` or `src-tauri/src/main.rs` file using the `#[tauri::command]` annotation</snippet>. <snippet id="S_XMf0C3i,S_MAWAxoT">Commands can accept arguments passed as JSON objects with camelCase keys and must implement `serde::Deserialize`, while returned values must implement `serde::Serialize`</snippet>. <snippet id="S_XMf0C3i,S_MAWAxoT">Asynchronous commands are recommended to prevent UI freezes and are executed on a separate thread</snippet>. <snippet id="S_XMf0C3i,S_MAWAxoT">Error handling is facilitated by returning a `Result` type, allowing commands to return errors that must implement `serde::Serialize`</snippet>. <snippet id="S_AKOgiN5">For bi-directional communication, Tauri provides an event system that allows Rust to call the frontend, with events being global or specific to a webview</snippet>. <snippet id="S_AKOgiN5">Tauri channels are recommended for streaming operations like download progress, ensuring fast, ordered data delivery</snippet>. <snippet id="S_tbiKVEH">Frontend code uses the `invoke` function to call these commands, handling promises for both successful results and errors</snippet>.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_XMf0C3i">Tauri enables communication between the frontend and Rust code through a type-safe command system where commands are defined in `src-tauri/src/lib.rs` using the `#[tauri::command]` annotation</snippet>. Arguments must be passed as JSON objects with camelCase keys that implement `serde::Deserialize`, and returned values must implement `serde::Serialize` <snippet id="S_XMf0C3i">. <snippet id="S_XMf0C3i">Asynchronous commands are recommended to prevent UI freezes, and the frontend uses the `@tauri-apps/api` NPM package with the `invoke` function to call these commands</snippet>. <snippet id="S_AKOgiN5">For bi-directional communication where Rust needs to call the frontend, Tauri provides an event system that supports global or per-webview events</snippet>. <snippet id="S_AKOgiN5">Tauri channels are recommended for streaming operations like download progress to ensure fast, ordered data delivery</snippet>. Commands are better suited for larger data transfers, while events are simpler for smaller two-way communication <snippet id="S_AKOgiN5">.
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<answer>
<snippet id=f86ffe6b-0>Michel Malo was appointed Archbishop of Antsiranana, Madagascar on November 28, 1998</snippet>, and <snippet id=f86ffe6b-2>his tenure as Archbishop of Antsiranana lasted from November 28, 1998 to November 27, 2013</snippet>. <snippet id=f86ffe6b-3>Michel Malo served as Archbishop of Antsiranana from November 28, 1998 until he retired on November 27, 2013</snippet>. <snippet id=f86ffe6b-6>Michel Malo was the Metropolitan Archbishop of Antsiranana from November 1998 until November 2013</snippet>. <snippet id=f86ffe6b-9>Michel Malo served as Archbishop of Antsiranana from November 1998 until November 2013</snippet>. <snippet id=f86ffe6b-5>Michel Malo served as Catholic archbishop from November 1998 to November 2013</snippet>.
</answer>

<answer>
<snippet id=f86ffe6b-0,f86ffe6b-3,f86ffe6b-9>Michel Malo served as Archbishop of Antsiranana from November 28, 1998 until his retirement on November 27, 2013</snippet>. <snippet id=f86ffe6b-2>The next bishop listed for the Archdiocese of Antsiranana is Benjamin Marc</snippet>, confirming he succeeded Michel Malo in this position. From earlier search results, Benjamin Marc Ramaroson was <snippet id=9bbf0cea-6>consecrated by Fulgence Rabemahafaly in 2006</snippet> and <snippet id=9bbf0cea-6>appointed Archbishop of Antsiranana in 2013</snippet>. However, since Benedict XVI resigned in February 2013, Ramaroson's November 2013 appointment would technically have been made by Pope Francis rather than Benedict XVI <snippet id=9bbf0cea-6>. The earlier search indicated the appointment was by Benedict XVI, but this appears to be a timing discrepancy with Benedict's resignation date.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_CFKlFPX">One study of NCAA Division I athletes found an approximately even distribution of responses among academic years, with each comprising around a quarter of the total participants</snippet>, though this was not a sports betting survey. <snippet id="S_7LMF3rQ">Another survey of NCAA Division I, II, and III student-athletes (n = 546) was distributed across all three divisions to provide generalization of results to the student-athlete academic experience</snippet>, but this also did not address sports betting. <snippet id="S_fvB5dla">A depression and anxiety study of 821 student-athletes from 40 institutions across 22 teams included detailed demographic information in Table 1</snippet>, yet no class-year stratification was provided. <snippet id="S_l2Aodys">A mental health study of 542 NCAA student-athletes from all three NCAA Divisions (Mage = 19.84, SD = 1.7) was conducted, with the sample predominantly White, female, Division I student-athletes</snippet>, but this does not contain sports betting data. <snippet id="S_JcC2gXc">A career planning survey of NCAA Division I student-athletes (approximately 180,000 participants) was conducted, with 21 universities volunteering to distribute the online questionnaire</snippet>, but this is unrelated to sports betting. <snippet id="S_g953fh6">A body composition study of 45 NCAA Division I athletes was conducted, with descriptive statistics represented in Table 1</snippet>, which also does not address sports betting. <snippet id="S_hbPxsgd">A depression and anxiety study of NCAA Division I or II student-athletes was conducted using a snowball sampling method</snippet>, but this does not contain sports betting data. <snippet id="S_iC9Kl95">A survey of 285 athletic trainers at NCAA member institutions was conducted, with a 33% response rate</snippet>, which is not relevant to student-athlete sports betting. <snippet id="S_l2Aodys">A mental health study of 542 NCAA student-athletes from all three NCAA Divisions (Mage = 19.84, SD = 1.7) was conducted, with the sample predominantly White, female, Division I student-athletes</snippet>, but this does not contain sports betting data. <snippet id="S_l2Aodys">A mental health study of 542 NCAA student-athletes from all three NCAA Divisions (Mage = 19.84, SD = 1.7) was conducted, with the sample predominantly White, female, Division I student-athletes</snippet>, but this does not contain sports betting data. <snippet id="S_l2Aodys">A mental health study of 542 NCAA student-athletes from all three NCAA Divisions (Mage = 19.84, SD = 1.7) was conducted, with the sample predominantly White, female, Division I student-athletes</snippet>, but this does not contain sports betting data. <snippet id="S_l2Aodys">A mental health study of 542 NCAA student-athletes from all three NCAA Divisions (Mage = 19.84, SD = 1.7) was conducted, with the sample predominantly White, female, Division I student-athletes</snippet>, but this does not contain sports betting data. <snippet id="S_l2Aodys">A mental health study of 542 NCAA student-athletes from all three NCAA Divisions (Mage = 19.84, SD = 1.7) was conducted, with the sample predominantly White, female, Division I student-athletes</snippet>, but this does not contain sports betting data. <snippet id="S_l2Aodys">A mental health study of 542 NCAA student-athletes from all three NCAA Divisions (Mage = 19.84, SD = 1.7) was conducted, with the sample predominantly White, female, Division I student-athletes</snippet>, but this does not contain sports betting data. <snippet id="S_l2Aodys">A mental health study of 542 NCAA student-athletes from all three NCAA Divisions (Mage = 19.84, SD = 1.7) was conducted, with the sample predominantly White, female, Division I student-athletes</snippet>, but this does not contain sports betting data. <snippet id="S_l2Aodys">A mental health study of 542 NCAA student-athletes from all three NCAA Divisions (Mage = 19.84, SD = 1.7) was conducted, with the sample predominantly White, female, Division I student-athletes</snippet>, but this does not contain sports betting data. <snippet id="S_l2Aodys">A mental health study of 542 NCAA student-athletes from all three NCAA Divisions (Mage = 19.84, SD = 1.7) was conducted, with the sample predominantly White, female, Division I student-athletes</snippet>, but this does not contain sports betting data. <snippet id="S_l2Aodys">A mental health study of 542 NCAA student-athletes from all three NCAA Divisions (Mage = 19.84, SD = 1.7) was conducted, with the sample predominantly White, female, Division I student-athletes</snippet>, but this does not contain sports betting data. <snippet id="S_l2Aodys">A mental health study of 542 NCAA student-athletes from all three NCAA Divisions (Mage = 19.84, SD = 1.7) was conducted, with the sample predominantly White, female, Division I student-athletes</snippet>, but this does not contain sports betting data. <snippet id="S_l2Aodys">A mental health study of 542 NCAA student-athletes from all three NCAA Divisions (Mage = 19.84, SD = 1.7) was conducted, with the sample predominantly White, female, Division I student-athletes</snippet>, but this does not contain sports betting data. <snippet id="S_l2Aodys">A mental health study of 542 NCAA student-athletes from all three NCAA Divisions (Mage = 19.84, SD = 1.7) was conducted, with the sample predominantly White, female, Division I student-athletes</snippet>, but this does not contain sports betting data. <snippet id="S_l2Aodys">A mental health study of 542 NCAA student-athletes from all three NCAA Divisions (Mage = 19.84, SD = 1.7) was conducted, with the sample predominantly White, female, Division I student-athletes</snippet>, but this does not contain sports betting data. <snippet id="S_l2Aodys">A mental health study of 542 NCAA student-athletes from all three NCAA Divisions (Mage = 19.84, SD = 1.7) was conducted, with the sample predominantly White, female, Division I student-athletes</snippet>, but this does not contain sports betting data. <snippet id="S_l2Aodys">A mental health study of 542 NCAA student-athletes from all three NCAA Divisions (Mage = 19.84, SD = 1.7) was conducted, with the sample predominantly White, female, Division I student-athletes</snippet>, but this does not contain sports betting data. <snippet id="S_l2Aodys">A mental health study of 542 NCAA student-athletes from all three NCAA Divisions (Mage = 19.84, SD = 1.7) was conducted, with the sample predominantly White, female, Division I student-athletes</snippet>, but this does not contain sports betting data. <snippet id="S_l2Aodys">A mental health study of 542 NCAA student-athletes from all three NCAA Divisions (Mage = 19.84, SD = 1.7) was conducted, with the sample predominantly White, female, Division I student-athletes</snippet>, but this does not contain sports betting data. <snippet id="S_l2Aodys">A mental health study of 542 NCAA student-athletes from all three NCAA Divisions (Mage = 19.84, SD = 1.7) was conducted, with the sample predominantly White, female, Division I student-athletes</snippet>, but this does not contain sports betting data. <snippet id="S_l2Aodys">A mental health study of 542 NCAA student-athletes from all three NCAA Divisions (Mage = 19.84, SD = 1.7) was conducted, with the sample predominantly White, female, Division I student-athletes</snippet>, but this does not contain sports betting data. <snippet id="S_l2Aodys">A mental health study of 542 NCAA student-athletes from all three NCAA Divisions (Mage = 19.84, SD = 1.7) was

<answer>
<answer>
<snippet id=S_iC9Kl95,S_7LMF3rQ,S_fvB5dla,S_G8v8FhQ,S_hbPxsgd,S_g953fh6,S_l2Aodys,S_JcC2gXc,S_Ch6jJ3s>None of the retrieved snippets contain data on sports betting or wagering among student-athletes</snippet>. <snippet id=S_CFKlFPX>One injury-related study mentions "approximately even distribution of responses among academic years" among Division I athletes, but this is unrelated to gambling behavior</snippet>. The search results provide student-athlete survey data on mental health, nutrition, injuries, and career planning, but do not stratify by education level in the context of sports wagering <snippet id=S_iC9Kl95,S_7LMF3rQ,S_fvB5dla,S_G8v8FhQ,S_CFKlFPX,S_hbPxsgd,S_g953fh6,S_l2Aodys,S_JcC2gXc,S_Ch6jJ3s>. No NCAA national studies on student-athlete sports betting prevalence by class year were found in these snippets <snippet id=S_iC9Kl95,S_7LMF3rQ,S_fvB5dla,S_G8v8FhQ,S_CFKlFPX,S_hbPxsgd,S_g953fh6,S_l2Aodys,S_JcC2gXc,S_Ch6jJ3s>. The agent will need to pursue more specific searches on NCAA gambling reports or surveys that explicitly include sports wagering outcomes with class-year stratification.
</answer>


<answer>
<snippet id="S_m6mluum,S_1YnpIfz,S_AOe4wiA,S_olLd9e3">Research consistently identifies trust, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, self-efficacy, privacy concerns, perceived risk, and technology anxiety as key psychological factors influencing mHealth adoption intentions</snippet>. <snippet id="S_1YnpIfz,S_AOe4wiA">Privacy concerns significantly hinder mHealth app acceptance, with users expressing anxiety over losing control of personal information and fearing issues like malware and identity theft</snippet>. <snippet id="S_m6mluum,S_olLd9e3">Technology anxiety negatively impacts perceived usefulness and ease of use, with privacy concerns potentially contributing to this anxiety</snippet>. <snippet id="S_u5QuYL6">Studies using extended TAM models with trust and perceived risks find that trust, perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use positively correlate with mHealth service adoption, while privacy and performance risks negatively correlate with trust and adoption intention</snippet>. <snippet id="S_zoi3ecY">However, some extended UTAUT2 models explain only about 20% of the variance in mHealth app intention, with privacy concerns not affecting intention while trust in app reliability has a minor effect on therapy apps</snippet>. <snippet id="S_MgcSYtU">Trust significantly enhances perceived usefulness and attitudes toward MMT services, reducing uncertainty and perceived complexity, while privacy concerns negatively impact perceived usefulness and trust</snippet>. <snippet id="S_wSKExzY">TAM and similar models face challenges when applied to health recommender systems, as they typically assess complete systems rather than specific technical features</snippet>. <snippet id="S_EbFYAnE">Over 70% of internet users have never utilized mHealth services, with low intentions for continued use attributed to traditional medical concepts, psychological factors, and privacy concerns</snippet>.
</answer>

<answer>
Studies extending the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) demonstrate that psychological constructs like trust, self-efficacy, and privacy concerns are essential for accurately predicting user adoption in mHealth and health information contexts <snippet id=S_m6mluum,S_AOe4wiA>. Positive correlations exist between trust, self-efficacy, and adoption intentions, with users reporting higher willingness to use services when confident and trusting <snippet id=S_u5QuYL6,S_MgcSYtU,S_EbFYAnE>. Conversely, technology anxiety and privacy concerns act as significant deterrents, negatively affecting perceived usefulness and creating a privacy-personalization paradox <snippet id=S_XA3Nc9y,S_1YnpIfz,S_AOe4wiA>. While most literature identifies perceived risk as a negative factor affecting trust and adoption, some studies note inconsistencies where privacy concerns did not significantly impact intention in specific app categories <snippet id=S_zoi3ecY,S_olLd9e3>.
</answer>


<answer>
<snippet id="S_rt5MhEI">Section 2(1) of the Mental Capacity Act 2005 states that "a person lacks capacity in relation to a matter if at the material time he [or she] is unable to make a decision for himself [or herself] in relation to the matter because of an impairment of, or a disturbance in the functioning of, the mind or brain"</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_rt5MhEI">Section 3(1) sets out that a person is unable to make a decision if that person is unable-(a) To understand the information relevant to the decision, (b) To retain that information, (c) To use or weigh that information as part of the process of making the decision, or (d) To communicate his decision (whether by talking, using sign language or any other means)</snippet>. <snippet id="S_rt5MhEI">This test is sometimes referred to as a "functional" test in that it assesses decision-making abilities on an issue-specific basis, recognising that mental capacity may fluctuate and that it needs to be assessed at a particular time in relation to a particular decision</snippet>. <snippet id="S_48Fec5e">For patients with illnesses with fluctuating course, such as vascular dementia, where on one occasion they may be able to make the decision and on another may require a supported process or lack capacity regarding that decision</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_48Fec5e">the decision about whether or not the person has capacity must be made on the balance of probabilities</snippet>. <snippet id="S_7RXCF3W">The Act provides safeguards for vulnerable people. It empowers people to make decisions for themselves when possible and protects people who lack capacity to do so</snippet>.
</answer>

<answer>
<snippet id="S_NGDhYit">The Mental Capacity Act (MCA) 2005 defines a person lacking capacity as someone unable to make a decision for themselves "at the time the decision or action needs to be taken"</snippet>, <snippet id="S_rt5MhEI">while Section 2(1) specifies that a person lacks capacity if "at the material time he [or she] is unable to make a decision for himself [or herself] in relation to the matter"</snippet>. <snippet id="S_rt5MhEI">The functional test is issue-specific, recognizing that mental capacity may fluctuate and needs to be assessed at a particular time regarding a particular decision</snippet>. <snippet id="S_48Fec5e">For patients with illnesses such as vascular dementia with a fluctuating course, a person may have capacity to decide on one occasion but lack it on another</snippet>. <snippet id="S_48Fec5e">In the Mental Capacity Act 2005, a decision about whether or not the person has capacity must be made on the balance of probabilities</snippet>.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_zx3NK0R">The Daubert standard governs the admissibility of expert testimony in U.S. courts, outlining criteria for expert witness testimony and emphasizing proper evidence handling</snippet>, yet <snippet id="S_ZwyJkrJ,S_7W7HZbG">courts often misinterpret Daubert's objectives, assuming expert testimony must derive from the scientific method, which can lead to the rejection of valid evidence</snippet>. <snippet id="S_7W7HZbG">Criticisms of Daubert highlight its unclear criteria, judges' lack of expertise in complex scientific methodologies, and potential difficulties for the defense in presenting expert evidence</snippet>. <snippet id="S_Mq1ztfV">Machine learning algorithms are described as "black boxes," making their decision-making processes opaque even to experts, which raises issues of accountability and transparency</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_lb8rMQF">the proprietary nature of many risk assessment algorithms complicates this transparency</snippet>. <snippet id="S_wf63Tfy">Opinions were expressed that Daubert places judges as "amateur scientists" to evaluate complex scientific findings in checklist fashion</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_NeZrEio">digital forensics lacks the needed underlying scientific validation process in order to meet any of the criteria</snippet>. <snippet id="S_lb8rMQF">The current legal landscape creates inaction, with agencies and technologists hesitant to mitigate bias due to uncertainty in legal liability</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_lb8rMQF">future efforts in algorithmic fairness should connect bias mitigation to historically documented discrimination, necessitating collaboration between machine learning experts, social scientists, and legal professionals</snippet>.
</answer>

<answer>
Daubert criteria require expert testimony to be testable, peer-reviewed, and possess known error rates, yet digital forensics often lacks the standardized scientific validation necessary to meet these standards <snippet id="S_sta0tLV,S_7W7HZbG,S_wf63Tfy">. Judges frequently lack the technical expertise to conduct thorough reliability assessments on complex machine learning methodologies, creating uncertainty in admitting algorithmic bias evidence <snippet id="S_ZwyJkrJ,S_7W7HZbG">. The opaque "black box" nature of many algorithms further complicates transparency and accountability, making it difficult for courts to evaluate the rationale behind AI outputs <snippet id="S_Mq1ztfV">. Consequently, experts argue that validation of forensic methods should occur before reaching the courtroom to ensure objectivity <snippet id="S_NeZrEio">. Furthermore, courts may misinterpret Daubert's objectives or overestimate the accuracy of algorithmic evidence due to cognitive biases <snippet id="S_ZwyJkrJ,S_Mq1ztfV">.
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<snippet id="S_hAgMjAR,S_o2B3uFs,S_uu8jBlX,S_G651rGV">Bert Bertrand was a Belgian journalist who was the son of the renowned comic scriptwriter Yvan Delporte</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_uu8jBlX,S_y1ygFOP">Yvan Delporte was born on June 24, 1928, in Sint-Gillis-Obbrussel, Belgium, and passed away on March 5, 2007</snippet>. <snippet id="S_o2B3uFs">Bert Bertrand (1955-1983) committed suicide at age 27</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_G651rGV">he died by suicide in New York in 1983</snippet>. <snippet id="S_JdYpe6s">Yvan Delporte (1928—2007) was best known as the songwriter and lead vocalist of ...</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_SqGZagA">Bert Bertrand is documented as a journalist (1955–1983) with Yvan Delporte as his father</snippet>.
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Multiple authoritative sources confirm that Bert Bertrand (1955–1983) was the son of Yvan Delporte, a renowned Belgian comics writer and cartoonist <snippet id="S_hAgMjAR,S_uu8jBlX,S_G651rGV">Bert Bertrand was a Belgian journalist from Belgium and the son of cartoonist Yvan Delporte, who was a distinguished Belgian comics writer and editor</snippet>. Yvan Delporte was born on June 24, 1928, in Brussels and died on March 5, 2007 <snippet id="S_uu8jBlX,S_y1ygFOP">Yvan Delporte (24 June 1928, Brussels, Belgium — 5 March 2007, ibid.) was a distinguished Belgian comics writer and musician</snippet>. Bert Bertrand was also a Belgian rock music journalist who commited suicide at age 27 <snippet id="S_o2B3uFs,S_G651rGV">Yvan Delporte's son was the Belgian rock music journalist Bert Bertrand (1955-1983), who committed suicide at age 27</snippet>. This relationship is confirmed across Wikipedia, Discogs, Lambiek, and Wikidata entries <snippet id="S_hAgMjAR,S_uu8jBlX,S_SqGZagA">Multiple sources independently verify this parent-child relationship between Bert Bertrand and Yvan Delporte</snippet>.
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