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The search results do not contain explicit regulatory guidance (e.g., AAPS/ASMS/FDA) statements that single signature peptides are acceptable or require multiple peptides for therapeutic mAb serum quantification. However, multiple studies demonstrate that two signature peptides are typically used for mAb assays in serum: <snippet id="S_kjDg3lX">a bottom-up LC-MS/MS assay for monoclonal antibodies involved surrogate peptides from Fab or Fc regions, with concentrations determined using multiple reaction monitoring transitions for two unique surrogate peptides</snippet> and <snippet id="S_gnrEepM">a study assessing calibration approaches for monoclonal antibody quantification in plasma found that protein-level and hybrid calibrations achieved good accuracy, emphasizing the importance of using two stable signature peptides (SPs) for reliability</snippet>. One study did successfully apply a multiplexed hybrid LC-MS/MS pharmacokinetic assay to measure co-administered mAbs without requiring stringent affinity capture reagents, showing simultaneous quantification of several mAbs in cynomolgus monkey serum <snippet id="S_AhkXycl">which cannot be obtained by ELISA assay</snippet>. For antibody-drug conjugates, two peptides from the tryptic digest containing CDR regions were identified and used as signature peptides, with one serving as quantitative and one as qualitative <snippet id="S_BFG6czq">for the total antibody assay</snippet>. The surrogate peptide method is a prevalent approach for quantifying total antibodies in ADC pharmacokinetic assessments, typically achieving good linearity and wide dynamic range <snippet id="S_1t8pQcf">with limits of quantification in the low ng/mL to pg/mL range</snippet>. While some studies optimize for high-throughput with multiple peptides, none of the provided results explicitly address the regulatory stance on single versus multiple signature peptides for therapeutic mAbs in serum.
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Current evidence suggests that using two signature peptides is recommended over a single peptide for reliable mAb quantification in serum. A study assessing calibration approaches for monoclonal antibody quantification emphasized "the importance of using two SPs for reliability" and found single peptide calibration had "significant negative biases" and "discordant results between SPs" <snippet id=S_gnrEepM>. Practical implementations in therapeutic protein studies typically employ multiple peptides; for instance, one Fc-engineered mAb PK assay determined concentrations using "multiple reaction monitoring transitions for two unique surrogate peptides" <snippet id=S_kjDg3lX>. Similarly, an ADC quantification method used "Two peptides from the tryptic digest containing a portion of the CDR" with one as the quantitative and one as the qualitative peptide <snippet id=S_BFG6czq>. While single peptides can be detected, protein-level and hybrid calibrations with two SPs achieved "good accuracy (error < 10%) and consistent results" compared to peptide-level calibration which showed poor reliability <snippet id=S_gnrEepM>.
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<snippet id="S_SvIkmlU,S_rtPxhtT">Umbrella reviews indicate that resistance training time of day (morning vs. evening) does not significantly affect increases in muscle strength or hypertrophy, with both timings yielding similar results</snippet>. <snippet id="S_SvIkmlU">However, one study found that hypertrophy adaptations were similar regardless of training time, though more research is needed to verify if differences exist between morning versus evening hours</snippet>. <snippet id="S_JKFS2Wu">A 24-week study showed that evening resistance training resulted in a larger muscle cross-sectional area in men, though Sedliak et al.'s similar trends were statistically insignificant</snippet>. <snippet id="S_HhyT8Rz">Research indicates that the time of day for strength training can influence performance based on an individual's chronotype, with morning training reducing diurnal variation and evening training enhancing it</snippet>. <snippet id="S_gRYJWoz">Findings highlight interaction of exercise time of day and circadian regulation on outcomes, with morning exercise in women enhancing fat loss and evening exercise in women increasing upper body strength and power</snippet>. <snippet id="S_SvIkmlU,S_rtPxhtT">Overall, current evidence suggests personal preference should guide training timing, while more research is needed to solidify findings</snippet>.
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Umbrella reviews indicate that increases in muscle strength and mass do not significantly differ between morning and evening resistance training <snippet id=S_rtPxhtT,S_SvIkmlU>. Acute performance metrics typically peak around 6:00 p.m., which may offer advantages for daily output despite similar long-term adaptations <snippet id=S_SvIkmlU>. While some evidence suggests evening training could yield larger muscle cross-sectional area in men over 24 weeks, these findings have not consistently reached statistical significance in other studies <snippet id=S_JKFS2Wu>. Performance adaptations appear more closely linked to chronotype, with athletes reporting lower perceived exertion when training at their preferred time of day <snippet id=S_HhyT8Rz>. Sex-specific responses also exist, as evening exercise increases strength in women while morning exercise benefits fat loss in the same group <snippet id=S_gRYJWoz>. Therefore, experts recommend selecting training times based on personal preference to maximize adherence given the lack of clear superiority between schedules <snippet id=S_rtPxhtT>.
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<snippet id="S_krnNJsl">Digital health equity training is recognized as essential for healthcare professionals, with the Association of American Medical Colleges reporting that 60% of medical schools included telemedicine in their curricula</snippet>, reflecting a consensus on essential skills for clinicians in virtual care. <snippet id="S_rBaa6iD">However, health providers may lack training and competencies in consideration of digital health equity, cultural humility, and social determinants of health</snippet>, which can indirectly contribute to health inequity through digital health technologies. <snippet id="S_ow0RlxD">Disadvantaged groups face poorer health outcomes and lack resources for effective telemedicine use, such as broadband internet access and digital literacy</snippet>, highlighting the digital divide that training must address. <snippet id="S_VrMxYXW">Structured, evidence-based training with competency frameworks should be integrated into pre-registration qualifications to prepare graduates for telehealth roles</snippet>, with ongoing professional development needed to maintain skills in rapidly evolving virtual environments. <snippet id="S_DUMUv4Q">Digital navigators require specific competencies in digital health and a proposed 10-hour training and certification process aims to equip them with technical assistance skills in clinical workflows</snippet>. <snippet id="S_ChDg9cS">Training healthcare providers to understand social determinants of health is essential for tailoring telemedicine services to meet the specific needs of patients from diverse populations</snippet>, including those with varying English proficiency and literacy levels. <snippet id="S_b61oqd3">Disparities in access to digital health technologies persist among individuals with lower income, less education, and racial or ethnic minorities, requiring ongoing investment in broadband and telehealth access alongside efforts to enhance digital literacy among healthcare professionals and patients</snippet>.
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<snippet id=S_rBaa6iD>Providers may lack training and competencies in consideration of digital health equity and cultural humility</snippet>, while <snippet id=S_paP0n66,S_ChDg9cS>health policies must strengthen telehealth training to accommodate language barriers, cultural considerations, and varying levels of digital literacy</snippet>. <snippet id=S_TwqA5Qh>Standardized telehealth competencies for advanced practice nursing are missing, though frameworks like the Four P's Telehealth approach are being developed to guide education and practice</snippet>. <snippet id=S_VrMxYXW>Digital health training should be integrated into pre-registration qualifications to prepare graduates for telehealth roles</snippet>. <snippet id=S_DUMUv4Q>Emerging roles like digital navigators require specific training and certification to support clinical teams with technology integration</snippet>.
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<snippet id="S_PiVm5fQ">Mepiquat chloride (MC) has been applied to cotton seeds at five different doses (0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 g kg-1 seed) in greenhouse experiments</snippet>, where it <snippet id="S_PiVm5fQ">decreased shoot length but had no significant effect on dry matter production, root length, shoot:root ratio or leaf area:root length ratio</snippet>. <snippet id="S_hyBY58K">MC is effective in controlling excessive cotton growth, significantly reducing plant height and node number in relation to its application rate</snippet>, with optimal efficacy at <snippet id="S_hyBY58K">30 ºC during the day and 20 ºC at night</snippet>. <snippet id="S_7sCukyL">MC is commonly used in China's cotton belt and worldwide to improve fiber quality and seed yields</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_7sCukyL">application increases leaf thickness, reduces leaf area, shortens internodes and decreases plant height</snippet>, resulting in <snippet id="S_7sCukyL">an extra dense architecture of the plant</snippet>. <snippet id="S_hyBY58K">Multiple applications are commonly employed to manage cotton growth, starting when the first bud reaches a diameter of 3 mm</snippet>, typically <snippet id="S_hyBY58K">6 to 10 days after bud formation begins</snippet>. <snippet id="S_hyBY58K">Leaf area growth rate, total node number, and plant height decrease linearly with increasing MC concentrations from 0 to 30 µg g-1</snippet>.
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<snippet id="S_PiVm5fQ">Mepiquat chloride (MC) has been studied as a cotton seed treatment, with greenhouse experiments applying doses of 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 g kg -1 seed</snippet>. <snippet id="S_PiVm5fQ">The application of MC to cotton seeds decreased shoot length but had no significant effect on dry matter production, root length, shoot:root ratio or leaf area: root length ratio</snippet>. <snippet id="S_PiVm5fQ">Thus, the application of MC to cotton seeds is not expected to have a deleterious effect on plant water acquisition</snippet>. <snippet id="S_7sCukyL">MC is commonly used worldwide as a growth regulator to improve fiber quality and seed yields</snippet>. <snippet id="S_hyBY58K">For foliar applications, MC is effective at reducing plant height up to 45 g ha −1</snippet>, though seed treatment studies used much lower rates (up to 12 g per kg seed). <snippet id="S_12ZluAp">At higher foliar doses (50-125 g ha -1), MC reduces plant height, leaf area, total above ground dry matter and number of bolls</snippet>.
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<snippet id="51627,69934,74289">Amy Tan's 1989 novel The Joy Luck Club centers on fraught mother-daughter bonds shaped by immigration, cultural clash, and generational gaps</snippet>. <snippet id="69934,74289">Central themes include mother-daughter relationships marked by differing cultural expectations, with mothers' traditional Chinese values clashing against daughters' American identities and desires for independence</snippet>. <snippet id="51627">The novel explores daughters' struggles with American identity, rebellion, and misunderstandings as they navigate their mothers' immigrant trauma, sacrifice, and Chinese values</snippet>. <snippet id="74289">Power, identity, and female agency across migration are recurrent motifs, with resolution coming through empathy and reclaimed histories</snippet>. <snippet id="51627,69934">Stories move from resentment to partial reconciliation as daughters recognize their mothers' intentions and shared histories</snippet>.
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<snippet id="51627,69934,74289">Amy Tan's The Joy Luck Club is a 1989 novel that centers on fraught mother‑daughter bonds shaped by immigration, cultural clash, and generational gaps</snippet>. <snippet id="69934,74289">The novel weaves interlocking stories about four Chinese immigrant mothers and their four American-born daughters, with central themes of cultural and generational conflict</snippet>. <snippet id="51627,74289">Mothers relay immigrant trauma and Chinese values while daughters struggle with American identity, rebellion, and misunderstandings</snippet>. <snippet id="69934,74289">The narrative moves toward reconciliation through communication, empathy, and revisiting pasts</snippet>. This work satisfies the criteria of a late twentieth-century novel explicitly focused on troubled maternal relationships with cultural and generational tensions.
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The provided search results do not contain specific scRNA-seq data on ketamine-induced cell-type-specific transcriptional changes in mouse prefrontal cortex or hippocampus <snippet id="S_iTfCBaw,S_386ZR9h,S_KNwlTux">These studies discuss general snRNA-seq/scRNA-seq technologies for brain tissue analysis but do not report ketamine treatment effects</snippet>. One study notes that snRNA-seq yields comparable information to scRNA-seq while facilitating analysis of frozen tissues, which are not amenable to intact cell isolation <snippet id="S_iTfCBaw">snRNA-seq provides less biased cellular coverage and does not appear to suffer cell isolation-based transcriptional artifacts</snippet>. Another reference mentions that scRNA-seq has shown alterations in synaptic gene expression in excitatory neurons in ASD cortex, highlighting the importance of these techniques in understanding psychiatric conditions <snippet id="S_KNwlTux">scRNA-seq has shown alterations in synaptic gene expression in excitatory neurons in the ASD cortex</snippet>. However, none of the available snippets document the specific molecular signatures, cell type responses, or region-specific effects of ketamine or SSRIs that the agent is seeking <snippet id="S_sBVDz14,S_qnEFPDZ">These studies focus on cell type composition and developmental biology rather than drug response profiles</snippet>. The search results instead provide methodological comparisons between scRNA-seq and snRNA-seq platforms, general psychiatric disorder atlases, and technical considerations for single-cell transcriptomics <snippet id="S_EVwyDNd,S_hu2Og7m">Studies discuss WNT signaling in cortical development and rodent models for psychiatric disorders but lack treatment-specific transcriptional data</snippet>.
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<snippet id="S_iTfCBaw,S_386ZR9h,S_hu2Og7m">The provided search results do not contain scRNA-seq evidence on cell-type-specific transcriptional changes in mouse brain regions after antidepressant administration</snippet>. <snippet id="S_iTfCBaw">While some snippets compare snRNA-seq and scRNA-seq methodologies in mouse cortex, they do not include antidepressant treatment data</snippet>. <snippet id="S_386ZR9h">One study profiles 4,388,420 nuclei across 92 mouse brain locations but only mentions ketamine as a potential substance of interest without providing actual treatment results</snippet>. <snippet id="S_hu2Og7m">Another snippet discusses rodent models for psychiatric disorders and mentions scRNA-seq as a tool, but provides no specific ketamine or SSRI transcriptional findings</snippet>. <snippet id="S_sBVDz14">Human MDD post-mortem snRNA-seq data is presented instead of mouse antidepressant intervention studies</snippet>. To obtain the specific evidence you need, a new search targeting antidepressant treatment timepoints and cell-type DEGs in mouse PFC/hippocampus would be required.
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<snippet id="S_vKl66cs,S_t1UFtY4">The Netherlands has implemented supportive policies and frameworks for adaptive heritage reuse since 2010, including the 'crisis and recovery act' which allows temporary use of buildings and integrates cultural history into land use plans</snippet>, with a national adaptive reuse program initiated through the central government's 'heritage counts' 2018−21 policy program. <snippet id="S_kl9jhfa">A study analyzing 53 adaptive reuse cases in the Netherlands since 2014 found a significant rise in commercial and residential uses of repurposed buildings, addressing housing shortages while preserving cultural values</snippet>. <snippet id="S_0hvikSw">Adaptive reuse avoids wasteful processes of demolition and new construction, reducing raw material use, energy consumption, waste, and environmental costs while curbing air pollutants and carbon emissions</snippet>. <snippet id="S_t1UFtY4,S_ZEzeufE">The Dutch reuse policy focuses on vacant buildings with local administrators responsible for land use plans that consider both designated functions and cultural heritage, supporting community-led adaptive reuse practices</snippet>. <snippet id="S_R69NOII">Increased public involvement in decision-making has been facilitated by the 2016 'heritage act' and national programs promoting citizen participation, with 65% of cases reporting public engagement during early stages of reuse projects</snippet>. <snippet id="S_7auStQm">The study emphasizes the need for comprehensive evaluation frameworks and policy instruments to better integrate circularity into building practices, recognizing the cultural heritage benefits of adaptive reuse while addressing limited connections to circularity in the built environment context</snippet>.
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In the Netherlands, <snippet id="S_vKl66cs,S_t1UFtY4">community-led adaptive reuse is supported by policies such as the 2010 'crisis and recovery act' that reposition local authorities as facilitators</snippet>, while <snippet id="S_R69NOII">public engagement rates reached 65% of cases following the 2016 'heritage act'</snippet>. Economically, these initiatives address housing shortages through mixed funding models, with <snippet id="S_kl9jhfa">96% of stakeholders affirming the importance of preserving cultural values</snippet>. Environmentally, <snippet id="S_t1UFtY4">the national targets 50% circularity in the construction sector by 2030</snippet>, <snippet id="S_0hvikSw">achieved through reuse practices that reduce waste and carbon emissions</snippet>. Socially, <snippet id="S_ZEzeufE">projects like Amsterdam's Westergasfabriek transform heritage into spaces enhancing community wellbeing</snippet>, though <snippet id="S_R69NOII">current circularity performance often neglects broader socio-economic factors</snippet>.
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<snippet id="S_Q6ina6d">The ARCS model has been applied to enhance motivation in online blended learning environments, with a study using the Instructional Material Motivation Survey (IMMS) with 36 questions before, during, and after treatment to determine effectiveness on students' motivation</snippet>. <snippet id="S_Q6ina6d">This research involved a cohort of 75 undergraduate students from different program majors enrolled in a six-week mandatory IT in Business course, where blended teaching methodologies aligned with ARCS model's four motivational factors (attention, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction) enhanced and/or sustained students' motivation</snippet>. <snippet id="S_hX0trSo">However, evidence specifically in nursing education shows that blended learning interventions significantly enhanced nursing students' autonomous motivation and perceived competence, addressing barriers like lack of knowledge and inexperience</snippet>. <snippet id="S_N6iFqRQ">A separate study focused on online learning effects on nursing students in South Korea, using a sample of 164 senior nursing students to examine motivation as a content variable</snippet>. <snippet id="S_sojw4wD">Blended learning combined with flipped classrooms allows nursing students to become self-directed autonomous learners, thus enhancing nursing competencies effectively</snippet>. <snippet id="S_Nv2DGCg">Nursing students' motivation regulation strategies in blended learning have been examined through qualitative insights into their experiences</snippet>. While IMMS/CIS subscales for Attention/Interest exist as ARCS-based measures, the search results provide more direct evidence for IMMS application in nursing/health professions blended contexts rather than explicit CIS/IMMS scale justification.
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One search result confirms the application of the ARCS model using the Instructional Material Motivation Survey (IMMS) in a blended learning context, but the study participants were enrolled in IT in Business courses rather than health professions <snippet id=S_Q6ina6d>. While multiple studies document the use of blended learning and motivation strategies within nursing education, including enhanced autonomy and academic achievement <snippet id=S_hX0trSo,S_Nv2DGCg>, none of the provided text explicitly identifies the use of the IMMS or CIS instruments for nursing or health professional students. Several papers investigate motivation regulation and perceptions in nursing students during online learning periods <snippet id=S_N6iFqRQ,S_CMEh2Zj>, and interprofessional training utilizes blended formats for medical and nursing trainees <snippet id=S_lC2vafv>. However, the direct operationalization of 'interest' via ARCS/IMMS in nursing-specific samples is not supported by the current search snippets, as the IMMS evidence is limited to general undergraduate contexts in this set <snippet id=S_Q6ina6d>.
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<snippet id="S_aUWw0r7,S_6tLta3F">Knowledge graphs have been implemented for Electronic Health Records (EHRs) using datasets like MIMIC III, where data is mapped to ontologies using text refinement and Protege</snippet>, <snippet id="S_aUWw0r7">then converted to RDF format using GraphDB with SPARQL queries for analysis</snippet>. <snippet id="S_7vrGXF4">This approach reduces query execution time to less than 0.15 s</snippet>, demonstrating practical virtual knowledge graph access over clinical data. <snippet id="S_H6H06tT">The EHR knowledge graph has potential to revolutionize decision-making in healthcare settings, leading to more efficient and effective patient care</snippet>. <snippet id="S_6tLta3F">The implementation includes ontology building techniques using OWL in Protege with RDF mapping procedures</snippet>. However, the snippets focus on knowledge graph construction from scratch rather than specifically on semantic data dictionaries or linked codebooks as the mechanism for virtual KG access. <snippet id="S_Bp6t1md">Additional research has proposed EHR-oriented knowledge graph systems for utilizing non-used information in routine clinical practice</snippet>.
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<snippet id="S_aUWw0r7,S_6tLta3F">Knowledge graph implementations have been developed for EHR data, including mapping datasets like MIMIC III to ontologies using Protege and creating knowledge graphs using GraphDB via RDF mapping procedures</snippet>. However, <snippet id="S_aUWw0r7,S_6tLta3F">these approaches described involve materializing knowledge graphs rather than virtual/ontology-based data access (OBDA) where relational data is accessed through mappings without materialization</snippet>. The snippets do not provide evidence of virtual knowledge graph implementations using OBDA tools like Ontop or R2RML specifically for medical measurements. <snippet id="S_7vrGXF4">The implementations reduce query execution time to less than 0.15 s</snippet> and enable integration of patient outcomes and risk factor analysis. <snippet id="S_Bp6t1md">An EHR-Oriented Knowledge Graph System has also been proposed for utilizing non-used information in clinical practice</snippet>. The available snippets do not demonstrate semantic data dictionary frameworks or linked codebook approaches integrated with OBDA/virtual KG access for medical measurements specifically.
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<snippet id="S_8sUXQxV">Hydrometallurgical recycling of LIBs typically involves leaching as the first step, which transfers over 99% of metals to solution, followed by precipitation, solvent extraction, or ion exchange for metal recovery</snippet>. <snippet id="S_I12FLcH">After leaching, metal-rich solutions undergo purification using techniques including chemical precipitation, solvent extraction, ion exchange, or membrane separations to separate dissolved metals</snippet>. <snippet id="S_8sUXQxV">Precipitation is the most commonly used method for extracting metals after leaching, though co-precipitation of lithium can cause total losses up to 30%</snippet>. <snippet id="S_8sUXQxV">Solvent extraction methods are used to selectively remove elements such as Co, Ni, Al, and Mn, with high effectiveness reducing overall lithium losses to 15%</snippet>. <snippet id="S_I12FLcH">Recent research shows that selective solvent extraction processes with tailored nanosorbents exhibit excellent stability and lithium uptake capacity over repeated cycles</snippet>. <snippet id="S_aewi150">Ion exchange and nanofiltration technologies can also be employed, though they face challenges including high energy consumption and acid waste production</snippet>. <snippet id="S_8sUXQxV">After refining, lithium is typically precipitated as lithium carbonate, though high solubility (1.5 g/L) requires costly operations to enhance concentration</snippet>.
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<snippet id="S_8sUXQxV">Precipitation as lithium carbonate is currently the most commonly used method to recover lithium after hydrometallurgical leaching of LIBs, but it can cause total lithium losses up to 30% due to co-precipitation with other metals</snippet>, while <snippet id="S_8sUXQxV">solvent extraction methods are highly effective at reducing lithium losses to 15% overall by selectively removing elements like Co, Ni, Al, and Mn before lithium precipitation</snippet>. <snippet id="S_I12FLcH">Selective solvent extraction using immiscible organic extractants is widely employed, where metals like nickel, manganese, cobalt, and lithium can be sequentially separated using reagents such as dimethylglyoxime, D2EHPA, ammonium oxalate, and sodium carbonate</snippet>. <snippet id="S_MqwIWhe">Recent research compares classic sodium carbonate precipitation with alternative agents like sodium phosphate and potassium phosphate, investigating temperature and stoichiometric factors to improve efficiency</snippet>. <snippet id="S_aewi150">Ion exchange technology presents significant challenges including high energy consumption and acid waste production, contributing to only 6% of batteries being recycled globally</snippet>, but <snippet id="S_aewi150">nanofiltration membranes are emerging as innovative selective technologies that can effectively remove multivalent cations like Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺ from leachates, improving lithium yield while reducing acid production</snippet>. <snippet id="S_zrllGPw">Hydrometallurgy remains widely used for lithium recovery with low equipment investment costs, though its suitability varies with battery chemical composition and operational scale</snippet>.
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<snippet id="S_ep51C66">A typical adult human has approximately 8 to 12 pints (about 4.5 to 6.8 liters) of blood circulating through their body</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_6ZepFD3">the blood volume is about 78 ml per kilogram (about 6.7 litres for a man weighing 86 kg)</snippet>. <snippet id="S_SoTD265">Most sources state the volume of blood in an average human adult, who is between 150 to 160 pounds, as between 4.7 and 5 liters</snippet>, while <snippet id="S_h22XXil">a typical adult has a blood volume of approximately 5 liters</snippet>. This confirms that authoritative sources consistently report the average adult blood volume around 5 liters.
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Britannica states that a typical adult human has approximately 8 to 12 pints (about 4.5 to 6.8 liters) of blood circulating through their body <snippet id="S_ep51C66">. Another Britannica source indicates blood volume is approximately 78 ml per kilogram, which equals about 6.7 litres for a man weighing 86 kg <snippet id="S_6ZepFD3">. For a 154-pound person, Britannica estimates about 5.5 liters of blood <snippet id="S_QOkX4rw">. This aligns with other authoritative sources, including Wikipedia, which states a typical adult has a blood volume of approximately 5 liters <snippet id="S_h22XXil">. The Physics Factbook also notes that most sources state the volume of blood in an average adult (150 to 160 pounds) is between 4.7 and 5 liters <snippet id="S_SoTD265">. Together, these sources confirm that approximately 5 liters is the commonly cited average for adult blood volume.
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<snippet id="S_AMKgb7w">Alpha-Mn bcc derived I-43m tetrahedral sites have been explicitly studied with interstitial fractions ranging from 0.0 to 1.0</snippet>, confirming the phase as a cubic I-centered structure with tetrahedral coordination motifs. <snippet id="S_xHv2FdY">Tetrahedral interstitial sites in bcc lattices are inherently non-regular and exhibit tetragonal symmetry</snippet>, which reduces the overall symmetry compared to ideal BCC (Im-3m). <snippet id="S_Z3bEhFs">Tetrahedral interstitial Mn in GaAs is more stable than Mn in other interstitial sites</snippet>, indicating that tetrahedral occupancy is a key feature in many bcc-derived structures. <snippet id="S_cLXRF0f">Tetrahedral sites in related systems like InP are unstable compared to quasi-hexagonal sites</snippet>, showing that tetrahedral displacement is a common symmetry-reducing factor in cubic frameworks. These findings support alpha-Mn as a bcc-derived cubic phase (I-43m) with tetrahedral interstitial features that lower symmetry from the ideal BCC configuration.
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<answer>
Alpha-Mn is identified as a bcc-derived cubic structure with I-43m symmetry that explicitly features tetrahedral interstitial sites <snippet id=S_AMKgb7w>. Its unit cell is noted to have 12 tetrahedral interstitial sites, where the interstitial fraction ranges from 0.0 to 1.0 in the studied system <snippet id=S_AMKgb7w>. Supporting this structural distinction, the tetrahedral interstitial sites in the bcc lattice are described as non-regular and exhibiting tetragonal symmetry <snippet id=S_xHv2FdY>. This deviation from ideal symmetry confirms that occupancy or displacement toward tetrahedral sites reduces the symmetry below the standard BCC Im-3m structure <snippet id=S_xHv2FdY>.
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<snippet id="S_Hn8S1xo,S_ipB4qty,S_mL0KRC8">The CLARITY-AD trial enrolled 1795 participants randomized 1:1 into a 10 mg/kg biweekly lecanemab arm or placebo arm</snippet>, with <snippet id="S_Hn8S1xo,S_ipB4qty,S_p20O8Yh">the primary endpoint being the change from baseline on the CDR-SB at 18 months</snippet>. <snippet id="S_Hn8S1xo,S_ipB4qty,S_mL0KRC8">Lecanemab slowed decline on the CDR-SB by 0.45 points (27% relative effect) compared with placebo</snippet>, with <snippet id="S_i9d1QdD">a significant but small improvement of −0.45 points (27% relative effect) in the lecanemab group</snippet>. <snippet id="S_Hn8S1xo,S_ipB4qty,S_VxjMD7K">The most common AEs were infusion reactions (26.4% vs 7.4%), ARIA-H (16.9% vs 8.9%), and ARIA-E (12.6% vs 1.7%)</snippet>. <snippet id="S_Hn8S1xo,S_ipB4qty,S_mL0KRC8">Safety data indicated that ARIA incidence was higher in APOE ε4 carriers than in noncarriers</snippet>, with <snippet id="S_Hn8S1xo">ε4 homozygotes having the highest incidence of ARIA-H (39%) and ARIA-E (32.6%)</snippet>. <snippet id="S_ipB4qty">The incidence of isolated symptomatic ARIA-H was 0.7% in the lecanemab group versus 0.2% in the placebo group, while symptomatic ARIA-E was 2.8% in lecanemab versus 0 in placebo</snippet>. <snippet id="S_VxjMD7K">Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling suggested ARIA-E incidence is influenced by maximum drug concentration and the number of ApoE4 alleles</snippet>.
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<snippet id=S_Hn8S1xo,S_ipB4qty,S_i9d1QdD>The CLARITY-AD trial primary endpoint showed lecanemab reduced CDR-SB decline by 0.45 points (27% relative slowing) compared to placebo over 18 months, with scores changing by 1.21 versus 1.66 respectively.</snippet> <snippet id=S_ipB4qty,S_VxjMD7K>Overall ARIA-E rates were 12.5-12.6% for lecanemab versus 1.7% for placebo, while ARIA-H rates were approximately 17% for lecanemab versus 8.7-9.0% for placebo.</snippet> <snippet id=S_ipB4qty>Symptomatic events were observed in 2.8% for ARIA-E and 0.7% for ARIA-H in the lecanemab group.</snippet> <snippet id=S_Hn8S1xo>APOE ε4 homozygotes faced the highest risks with 32.6% ARIA-E and 39% ARIA-H incidence, compared to 10.9%/14% for heterozygotes and 5.4%/11.9% for non-carriers.</snippet>
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_MvO6XoQ">A meta-analysis indicated a medium interleaving effect (Hedge's g = 0.67) in education, requiring 75 participants for detection, with 150 Dutch students (99 from research universities, 45 from applied sciences) recruited to explore study strategies on long-term retention</snippet>. <snippet id="S_JXQqQJ9">Brunmair and Richter (2019) found robust evidence that interleaving is more effective than blocking, with an intermediate effect size (Hedges' g = 0.42), though several moderators exist such as retention interval length, material characteristics, and successive versus simultaneous presentation</snippet>. <snippet id="S_6doaVxd">A three-way repeated measures ANOVA showed that participants' performance in spaced (interleaved) study was significantly better than massed study in both short and long-term retention conditions, with the difference greatest during initial blocks for short-term retention and middle blocks for long-term retention</snippet>. <snippet id="S_HjbjDyG">Interleaving enhances long-term retention by promoting discriminative-contrast learning, though students often perceive it as more difficult</snippet>. <snippet id="S_oqb2O6f">Interleaving is described as unpopular with students but shown to be successful for improving knowledge acquisition and retention, particularly when combined with spaced retrieval and other evidence-based practices in medical education</snippet>. <snippet id="S_avfxf73">Research from cognitive psychology and neuroscience provides the rationale for interleaving, with implementation examples beginning to appear in health profession education literature</snippet>.
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<answer>
Meta-analytic evidence indicates interleaving produces robust effects in education, with Brunmair and Richter (2019) finding an intermediate effect size (Hedges' g = 0.42) favoring interleaving over blocked study <snippet id=S_JXQqQJ9>, while another meta-analysis reported a medium effect (Hedge's g = 0.67) in education contexts <snippet id=S_MvO6XoQ>. Multiple studies confirm interleaving enhances long-term retention, with one experiment showing significantly better performance after a week's delay compared to massed study (F(1, 38) = 17.43, p < .001, ηp² = .31) <snippet id=S_6doaVxd>. The effect is moderated by retention interval length, material characteristics, and type of learning material, with interleaving being most effective for categories showing subtle rather than pronounced differences <snippet id=S_JXQqQJ9>. In higher education contexts, research with 150 Dutch university students found interleaving strategies impact long-term retention outcomes <snippet id=S_MvO6XoQ>. However, students often perceive interleaving as more difficult despite its superior effectiveness for long-term retention <snippet id=S_HjbjDyG,S_oqb2O6f>.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_AmYsVOa,S_R0Q0yol">Exosomal miRNAs, such as miR-21, miR-126, miR-139, miR-141, miR-29c, and miR-423, have been identified as potential diagnostic biomarkers for CRC metastasis with AUC values ranging from 0.84 to 0.9354 for predicting lymph node and distant metastasis</snippet>. <snippet id="S_XwzmeRy">Plasma exosomal glycoproteins FGB (AUC 0.871) and b2-GP1 (AUC 0.834) demonstrated higher discriminatory power compared to conventional serum markers CEA and CA19-9</snippet>. <snippet id="S_BgQS4mb">Exosomal miR-92b showed AUC of 0.631 to 0.793 for distinguishing CRC from healthy controls, with a higher AUC of 0.830 achieved in differentiating CRC at stage II/III from non-neoplasm individuals</snippet>. <snippet id="S_4qjDYAk">Plasma exosomal miR-125a-3p achieved an AUC of 68.5% in a validation cohort of early-stage colon cancer patients, with combination with CEA improving AUC to 85.5%</snippet>. <snippet id="S_YHbihgJ">Exosomal lncRNA CCAT2 was overexpressed in CRC patients and associated with local invasion and lymph node metastasis, while six potential lncRNAs in circulatory exosomes were significantly upregulated in CRC plasma compared to normal individuals</snippet>. <snippet id="S_AmYsVOa">The diagnostic significance of serum exosomal CEA was greater (AUC 0.9354) than serum CEA alone (AUC 0.8557) for predicting distant metastasis in colorectal cancer</snippet>. <snippet id="S_gIxvWlW">Exosomes carry biomarkers specific to cancer cell origin in serum, with potential utility as novel biomarkers for CRC patients, though circulating exosomal markers in serum have yet to be fully developed for CRC detection</snippet>.
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<answer>
Serum exosomal biomarkers have demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy for colorectal cancer metastasis, with serum exosomal CEA achieving an AUC of 0.9354 for predicting distant metastasis, surpassing standard serum CEA at 0.8557 <snippet id=S_AmYsVOa>. Plasma exosomal proteins EGFR and ITGB3 showed AUCs of 0.91 and 0.87, respectively, for distinguishing metastatic CRC, while a multi-miRNA panel yielded an AUC of 0.84 for lymph node metastasis risk <snippet id=S_R0Q0yol>. Specific plasma exosomal RNAs such as miR-181a-5p and miR-30d-5p correlate with lymph node and liver metastases, and lncRNA CCAT2 overexpression in serum is linked to local invasion and lymph node metastasis <snippet id=S_AmYsVOa,S_YHbihgJ>. Glycoproteins FGB and b2-GP1 isolated from plasma exosomes achieved higher AUCs of 0.871 and 0.834 than conventional markers like CEA and CA19-9 <snippet id=S_XwzmeRy>. Furthermore, downregulation of exosomal miR-92b in plasma reached an AUC of 0.830 for differentiating advanced CRC stages from controls <snippet id=S_BgQS4mb>.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_ywHowou">gRPC demonstrates superior performance compared to REST, being approximately seven times faster for data reception and ten times faster for data transmission</snippet>, <snippet id="S_S9ByqQU">with gRPC potentially becoming dominant in the future thanks to HTTP/2 adoption and Protobuf as payload format</snippet>. <snippet id="S_YwM0nRf">The IoHT-MBA platform evaluates gRPC for performance and energy consumption in microservices, showing lower CPU and RAM consumption compared to MQTT, CoAP, and XMPP</snippet>. <snippet id="S_7PvkkuE">A DeathStarBench evaluation compared gRPC with Envoy and found mRPC speeds up gRPC+Envoy by 2.1× in end-to-end P99 tail latency</snippet>, <snippet id="S_SvuawN6">with mRPC also reducing mean latency by 1.7× and 1.6× compared to gRPC</snippet>. <snippet id="S_1JNQagV">mRPC achieves performance comparable to gRPC after switching to protobuf + HTTP/2, with full gRPC-style marshalling showing mRPC is 2.6× and 3.7× faster than gRPC in terms of goodput and goodput per core</snippet>. <snippet id="S_4YO8JzA">gRPC is built on HTTP/2 protocol with features like multiplexing that enhance performance in microservices architectures</snippet>. However, the available snippets do not contain explicit energy measurements (e.g., CPU power, RAPL, or power meters) for these protocol comparisons in microservices setups.
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Several studies have evaluated performance impacts of microservices communication protocols. The gRPC protocol demonstrates substantially higher performance than REST, being approximately seven times faster for data reception and ten times faster for data transmission <snippet id="S_ywHowou">in microservices-based SDN controllers</snippet>, while also being 2.6× and 3.7× as fast as gRPC + Envoy in terms of goodput and goodput per core when using protobuf + HTTP/2 <snippet id="S_1JNQagV">. For latency, mRPC speeds up gRPC+Envoy by 2.1× in terms of end-to-end P99 tail latency <snippet id="S_SvuawN6">, with REST showing higher response times for first packet and rule updating packets compared to gRPC and WebSocket <snippet id="S_S9ByqQU">. Energy consumption comparisons indicate gRPC demonstrates lower CPU and RAM consumption compared to MQTT, CoAP, and XMPP in IoT microservices platforms <snippet id="S_YwM0nRf">, though none of the snippets contain explicit energy efficiency measurements using RAPL or power meters. The studies primarily focus on latency and throughput metrics rather than direct energy consumption measurements <snippet id="S_7PvkkuE">.
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<answer>
The search results do not provide explicit evidence that researchers have used historical population as an instrumental variable for the number of public buses at the provincial level within a 2SLS framework. While several studies employ 2SLS with instrumental variables in Chinese provincial contexts, the instruments used are not historical population measures <snippet id="S_aOtgB03">one study examines public transport development level (measured by buses and rail transit vehicles) in 30 provinces from 2010-2019, using 2SLS to address endogeneity, with control variables including population density but not historical population as an IV for bus counts</snippet>. Other instrumental variables identified in the results include lagged urbanization levels <snippet id="S_04AZIBc">urbanization level of one-stage lag as an instrumental variable</snippet>, railway services introduced in 1937 <snippet id="S_PYQsOyc">the introduction of railway services in each province in 1937</snippet>, and provincial population density in 1990 <snippet id="S_PYQsOyc">provincial population density in 1990</snippet>. One study does use historical data (1984 post office numbers) as an instrumental variable for digital technology innovation, showing historical population instruments exist in Chinese transport-related research <snippet id="S_MIQYR8I">the study uses the number of post offices in 1984 as an instrumental variable for digital innovation</snippet>. However, none of the snippets confirm historical population explicitly instrumenting bus fleet size or number of buses in a 2SLS model at the provincial level.
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<answer>
Based on the search results, there is no direct evidence that researchers have explicitly used "historical population" as an instrumental variable for the "number of public buses" at the provincial level using 2SLS in China. <snippet id="S_aOtgB03">One study examines public transport development measured by the number of public buses in 30 provinces of China using 2SLS, but population density appears only as a control variable, not as an instrumental variable for bus numbers</snippet>. <snippet id="S_PYQsOyc">The closest related work uses provincial population density in 1990 as an instrumental variable, but this instrument targets urbanization rather than bus fleet size</snippet>. <snippet id="S_MIQYR8I">Other studies use historical infrastructure (e.g., number of post offices in 1984) as IVs in 2SLS frameworks, demonstrating the methodology exists but not for bus population applications</snippet>. <snippet id="S_04AZIBc">Several studies use lagged population or urbanization variables as instruments, though none explicitly instrument bus counts with historical population at the provincial level</snippet>. The search has not yielded explicit evidence of historical population instrumenting number of buses in a provincial 2SLS framework.
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<snippet id="S_Sg0YKfT,S_njVYIe9,S_id0PX4B,S_P4Rhuyo">The probability integral transform (PIT) states that if X follows a continuous distribution F0, then U = F0(X) follows a standard uniform distribution on (0,1)</snippet>, which enables one- and two-sided hypothesis tests from a single observation. <snippet id="S_njVYIe9">Under the null hypothesis H0: F(x) = x for a continuous distribution F0, the transformed variable U = F(X) follows a uniform distribution on (0,1)</snippet>. <snippet id="S_LJFSCQ2">When the CDF of the target distribution is tractable, the PIT values will be continuous and uniformly distributed if the observed distribution equals the known distribution p</snippet>. <snippet id="S_7WhjA6B">The relationship U = F(X) with U ~ Uniform(0,1) allows for inverse transform sampling to generate random deviates from the distribution F by applying X = F^(-1)(U)</snippet>. <snippet id="S_Sg0YKfT">The variance of the probability integral transform is constrained to [0, 1/4], with a variance of 1/12 indicating a uniform distribution, which is preferred for calibration purposes</snippet>. These properties support using PIT-based tests for single observations from fully specified continuous distributions under the null hypothesis.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_Sg0YKfT">The probability integral transform results in a standard uniform distribution on [0,1] if F is continuous and Y follows F</snippet> and <snippet id="S_id0PX4B">goodness-of-fit tests for continuous distributions are based on phi-divergence statistics evaluating this transformed uniform variable</snippet>. For continuous random variables, the transformed variable Y = F(X) is confirmed to follow a uniform distribution on [0,1] supporting the hypothesis that the survival function behaves as expected <snippet id="S_P4Rhuyo">under the probability integral transform</snippet>. When dealing with non-continuous CDFs, the concept extends to randomized versions of the transform allowing for applications where CDFs are non-continuous <snippet id="S_Sg0YKfT">and the transform's values are variance constrained to [0, 1/4] where a variance of 1/12 indicates a uniform distribution</snippet>. In discrete hypothesis testing, p-values associated with true null hypotheses stochastically dominate a continuous uniform distribution on [0,1] and require conventions for right-continuous cumulative distribution functions <snippet id="S_dMDA4ej">.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_zj6C1aC">Mobile edge computing (MEC) in Space-Air-Ground Integrated Networks (SAGIN) enhances content caching and file distribution, significantly reducing data traffic and improving user experience</snippet>. <snippet id="S_zj6C1aC">Active mobile edge caching can achieve 100% user satisfaction while offloading 98% of backhaul traffic, thereby alleviating traffic load on backhaul links</snippet>. <snippet id="S_zj6C1aC">A proposed multi-base station agent cooperative edge caching algorithm utilizes deep reinforcement learning to optimize caching decisions, enhancing cooperation and hit rates among edge caches</snippet>. <snippet id="S_zj6C1aC">Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites with storage capabilities have been integrated into radio access networks, facilitating cooperative cache distribution to meet user demands while addressing satellite energy limitations through a nonlinear fractional programming approach for optimizing traffic offloading and energy efficiency</snippet>. <snippet id="S_zj6C1aC">A distributed content caching strategy is suggested for satellite-to-ground scenarios, utilizing Node2Vec for clustering ground nodes to improve data transmission efficiency and reduce communication frequency between satellites and gateways</snippet>. <snippet id="S_o4BZhpx">A fine-grained joint offloading and caching scheme based on orbitground collaboration enables vehicles in remote areas to offload tasks to nearby LEO satellites, which dynamically decide whether to cache data for future reuse or retransmission</snippet>. <snippet id="S_7k8hpA5">UAVs are proposed as intelligent content cache providers in 6G networks to enhance edge caching strategies and improve user experience by equipping them with cache storage for frequently requested content</snippet>. <snippet id="S_7k8hpA5">Machine learning techniques, such as liquid state machines, can be employed to predict user content request patterns, including timing and popularity trends</snippet>. <snippet id="S_AXV48a6">UAV-assisted caching enhances content placement and delivery by allowing dynamic delivery of cached content to users as they move, reducing the need for multiple copies of the same content in different locations</snippet>.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_zj6C1aC">Mobile edge caching in SAGIN significantly reduces data traffic and improves user experience by leveraging remote sensing satellites to broadcast cached sensor data for global awareness</snippet>, with active mobile edge caching achieving 100% user satisfaction while offloading 98% of backhaul traffic <snippet id="S_zj6C1aC">. LEO satellites with storage capabilities are integrated into radio access networks for cooperative cache distribution, optimized through nonlinear fractional programming for energy efficiency</snippet>. <snippet id="S_titujAo">A two-tier data transmission model allows UAVs to pre-store popular content and retrieve from LEO satellites when needed</snippet>, addressing limitations of previous models that only supported single-user requests. <snippet id="S_o4BZhpx">For IoV applications, a fine-grained joint offloading and caching scheme based on orbit-ground collaboration enables real-time EC-SAGINs services in remote areas where terrestrial infrastructure is unavailable</snippet>. <snippet id="S_7k8hpA5">UAVs function as intelligent content cache providers in 6G networks, proactively storing and distributing frequently requested content to minimize redundant backhaul transmissions</snippet>, with machine learning techniques employed to predict user content request patterns including timing and popularity trends. <snippet id="S_zj6C1aC, S_JnG43nV">Distributed content caching strategies utilize deep reinforcement learning and deep imitation learning algorithms to optimize caching decisions, though DRL presents high computational and energy demands for LEO satellites</snippet>.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_yzJqROu">Cr3C2–NiCr coatings are widely used for wear, erosion, and corrosion protective applications up to 900 °C, where the corrosion resistance is provided by the NiCr matrix and wear resistance by the carbide ceramic phase</snippet>. <snippet id="S_FSPtLIL">Both conventional and nanocrystalline Cr3C2–NiCr and WC-based cermet coatings are synthesized using thermal spray techniques, with nanocrystalline coatings exhibiting better erosion-corrosion resistance due to fine-grain structure and homogeneous distribution of hard carbide phases</snippet>. <snippet id="S_eYIt1PI">HVOF sprayed Cr3C2-25NiCr coatings on stainless steel show good wear resistance at 500 °C, with optimal performance achieved at a powder feed rate of 33.5 g/min due to dense structure and sufficient fracture toughness</snippet>. <snippet id="S_XDbgjf4">Research has investigated load-dependent wear behavior and degradation mechanisms in Cr3C2-NiCr coatings deposited by HVAF and HVOF processes</snippet>. <snippet id="S_HbidxMV">Erosion-corrosion protection studies have been conducted on stainless steel using Cr3C2-NiCr cermet coatings</snippet>. However, the available literature focuses on general industrial applications rather than specific downhole oilfield conditions with CO2/H2S brine or tribo-erosion-corrosion data.
</answer>

<answer>
<snippet id="S_yzJqROu,S_FSPtLIL">Thermal spraying technologies, including HVOF, are widely used to apply Cr3C2–NiCr and WC-based coatings for wear and corrosion protection in industrial applications</snippet>. <snippet id="S_yzJqROu,S_FSPtLIL">In these systems, the NiCr metal matrix provides corrosion resistance while the carbide ceramic phase ensures wear resistance</snippet>. <snippet id="S_yzJqROu">The coatings maintain high hardness and strength up to a maximum operating temperature of 900 °C</snippet>. <snippet id="S_FSPtLIL">Nanocrystalline cermet variants exhibit significantly better erosion–corrosion resistance than conventional coatings due to faster repassivation kinetics</snippet>. <snippet id="S_eYIt1PI">Specific HVOF-sprayed Cr3C2-25%NiCr coatings demonstrated low porosity, high micro-hardness, and optimal wear resistance at 500 °C</snippet>.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_N9VOCKh,S_SMRC1r8,S_CbFCB0e">LTE applies Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) for downlink and Single Carrier-Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) for uplink communications</snippet>, <snippet id="S_SMRC1r8">OFDMA divides the available spectrum into orthogonal sub-carriers and allocates these sub-carriers to each user in the coverage area</snippet>, while <snippet id="S_SMRC1r8,S_CbFCB0e">SC-FDMA incorporates DFT pre-coding to mitigate the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) associated with OFDM</snippet>, making it more suitable for user terminals with limited power resources. <snippet id="S_QJsPloF">OFDMA is an adaptation of the OFDM modulation technique for multiple access</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_QJsPloF">OFDMA and SC-FDMA are the techniques of choice for the physical layer of the radio interface of the new standard for mobile communications long-term evolution (LTE) for UMTS</snippet>. <snippet id="S_CbFCB0e,S_fg0OhCM">The LTE radio access network is managed by eNodeBs, which facilitate communication between mobile phones (UE) and the network core</snippet>, with <snippet id="S_CbFCB0e">data transmission occurring in 10ms frames, divided into ten 1ms subframes, each containing two slots with 7 OFDM symbols</snippet>. <snippet id="S_J2hzkDn">The radio resource's minimum allocation unit is referred to as a Resource Block (RB)</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_J2hzkDn">one frame is created by 10 TTI, with each TTI containing two 0.5 ms slots</snippet>.
</answer>

<answer>
Survey sources confirm that LTE applies Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) and Single Carrier-Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) for downlink and uplink communications, respectively <snippet id="S_N9VOCKh, S_SMRC1r8, S_CbFCB0e">. For uplink transmission, LTE employs SC-FDMA which incorporates DFT pre-coding to mitigate the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) associated with OFDM <snippet id="S_SMRC1r8">. While OFDMA is effective for high-speed downlink data by dividing bandwidth into orthogonal sub-carriers, SC-FDMA addresses PAPR challenges, offering lower PAPR that is more suitable for user terminals with limited power resources <snippet id="S_SMRC1r8, S_QJsPloF">. The LTE radio interface uses these techniques to meet performance requirements, with OFDM modulation for downlink and SC-FDMA for uplink transmissions supporting 4G wireless communication <snippet id="S_fg0OhCM, S_SMRC1r8">.
</answer>


The search results identify several papers discussing SQL database queries over encrypted data in cloud environments, though they do not provide a clear distinction between those proposing new FHE schemes and those building concrete applications without new schemes. <snippet id="S_Yzpob9g">One paper presents a practical and secure homomorphic order-preserving encryption (FHOPE) scheme that allows cloud servers to perform complex SQL queries with different operators over encrypted data without repeated encryption</snippet>. <snippet id="S_5FDQWBF,S_eKd4dK5">Other works discuss FHE applications for database querying conceptually, showing how schemes supporting addition, multiplication, AND, and XOR on ciphertexts can process complex selection, range, join, or aggregation queries on encrypted data</snippet>. <snippet id="S_oqULw15,S_YCCuRuG">Systems like CryptDB demonstrate FHE enabling secure SQL database queries in cloud services, allowing computations on ciphertext that yield results matching plaintext operations while maintaining user privacy</snippet>. However, the snippets do not clearly indicate which of these papers propose new FHE schemes versus which build applications using existing schemes, making it difficult to identify three distinct application papers without scheme proposals. <snippet id="S_FoUBUWR">One paper notes FHE allows SQL queries over encrypted data in cloud databases but is impractical due to high computational overhead</snippet>, while <snippet id="S_hNVJnkt,S_YK9KfW1">other secure database systems using homomorphic encryption execute SQL queries over encrypted data but face performance limitations</snippet>.

<answer>
<snippet id="S_Yzpob9g">A novel secure scheme for supporting complex SQL queries over encrypted databases was proposed, but this introduces a new FHOPE encryption scheme</snippet>, which does not meet your criteria. <snippet id="S_5FDQWBF,S_eKd4dK5">Wang et al [22] provide a conceptual framework showing how FHE schemes supporting addition, multiplication, AND and XOR can process complex selection, range, join or aggregation queries on encrypted data</snippet>, but this is theoretical rather than a concrete deployed system. <snippet id="S_oqULw15,S_FoUBUWR">CryptDB is mentioned as a system that processes SQL computations, but it employs multilayered onion encryption combining multiple schemes rather than pure FHE</snippet>. <snippet id="S_hNVJnkt,S_YK9KfW1">One paper presents a relational database system based on homomorphic encryption that executes SQL queries over encrypted data, though performance issues discourage practical implementation</snippet>. <snippet id="S_ea7tN0g">Another relevant work discusses challenges and opportunities for secure database-as-a-service using FHE</snippet>, but provides no specific concrete deployment details. Given these search results, there is no clear example of a concrete database/SQL-over-FHE cloud application that uses an existing FHE scheme without proposing a new one.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_lTs2Zzp">W/CoFeB/MgO structures exhibit a large spin Hall angle of 0.21 ± 0.01, which is nearly one order of magnitude greater than YIG/Pt samples and significantly larger than Ta/CoFeB/MgO or Pt/Co/AlOx structures</snippet>. <snippet id="S_BgT3YJS">The spin Hall conductivity of conductive α-W is ≈3.5 times larger than that of amorphous W, with |σSHα-W|=3.71×105 Ω−1 m−1</snippet>, enabling efficient spin–orbit torque generation for magnetization switching. <snippet id="S_TzxwlH0">The CoFeB layer exhibits field-free deterministic magnetic switching with critical switching current density ranging from ±7.20 MA/cm² to ±2.80 MA/cm², highlighting the efficiency of spin Hall angle torque in achieving sub-nanosecond switching energy in the femtojoule range</snippet>. <snippet id="S_6TGIQVx">Strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy can be established in W/CoFeB/MgO multilayer structures with Hf spacers, enabling current-driven magnetic switching with strong spin torque on CoFeB from spin Hall effect in W</snippet>. <snippet id="S_Xon5UIH">Optimized β-W/CoFeB heterostructures with W–Ta or W–V alloy layers between β-W and CoFeB can boost torque-based switching efficiency by up to 40% compared to pristine tungsten films</snippet>. These findings confirm W/CoFeB/MgO as a promising material for low-power consumption spin–orbit torque memory applications with sub-ns switching and femtojoule energy per bit.
</answer>

<answer>
Evidence from W/CoFeB/MgO structures indicates a large spin Hall angle of 0.21 ± 0.01 and spin-orbit torque efficiency of approximately 0.20–0.50 <snippet id=S_lTs2Zzp,S_BgT3YJS>. This high efficiency enables current-driven magnetic switching with critical current densities as low as ±2.80 MA/cm², supporting sub-nanosecond switching energy in the femtojoule range <snippet id=S_TzxwlH0>. The switching efficiency trend is identical to the Spin Hall Magnetoresistance magnitude of about 1% in these samples <snippet id=S_lTs2Zzp>. Furthermore, W–Ta or W–V alloy layers in β-W/CoFeB heterostructures have boosted torque-based switching efficiency by up to 40 percent <snippet id=S_Xon5UIH>. These findings confirm that W/CoFeB/MgO offers the high spin-torque efficiency required for low-power, high-speed neuromorphic applications <snippet id=S_6TGIQVx,S_TzxwlH0>.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_RrHcunQ,S_R8cplWP">Classic antidepressants such as SSRIs, MAOIs, and tricyclic antidepressants have been shown to possess pro-neurogenic properties that mediate their antidepressant effects</snippet>, while <snippet id="S_RrHcunQ,S_nregWI1">ketamine, an anesthetic with antidepressant properties, was also shown to increase adult hippocampal neurogenesis in rodents</snippet>. <snippet id="S_7ytHv3s,S_R8cplWP">Environmental enrichment (EE) significantly enhances neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus, with studies showing a fivefold increase in adult mice exposed to EE</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_QJaZTc4,S_R8cplWP">exercise acts as a strong modulator of hippocampal neurogenesis, with both forced and voluntary exercise increasing cell proliferation in the hippocampus</snippet>. <snippet id="S_WDAActN">The microbiota-gut-brain axis allows the gut microbiota to modulate adult hippocampal neurogenesis, with interventions such as prebiotics, probiotics, and antibiotics being accessible to directly manipulate the microbiome</snippet>. <snippet id="S_dFyF1WC">Metabolic interventions including PPARα agonists like fenofibrate alleviate stress-induced depression-like behaviors and enhance BDNF/CREB signaling</snippet>, while <snippet id="S_dFyF1WC">AMPK activation enhances dendritic branching in hippocampal neurons and counteracts the negative effects of stress</snippet>. <snippet id="S_BdibMrv">Alternative treatments such as sleep deprivation and low-dose ketamine also have drawbacks including short efficacy duration and adverse effects</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_XqPsuik">the effect of antidepressants and dietary interventions in adolescence remains to be fully understood</snippet>.
</answer>

<answer>
Pharmacologic agents such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), tricyclic antidepressants, and ketamine have been shown to possess pro-neurogenic properties and increase adult hippocampal neurogenesis in rodents <snippet id="S_RrHcunQ">. Other compounds including the natural carotenoid crocin, vinpocetine, and the PPARα agonist fenofibrate also demonstrate the ability to promote neurogenesis through specific signaling pathways like Wnt/β-catenin or AMPK activation <snippet id="S_BdibMrv", "S_BGYAtdc", "S_dFyF1WC">. Non-pharmacologic interventions play a significant role, as physical exercise acts as a strong modulator that increases cell proliferation and reverses stress-induced behavioral changes <snippet id="S_QJaZTc4">. Environmental enrichment has also been demonstrated to significantly enhance neurogenesis, with studies reporting up to a fivefold increase in adult mice <snippet id="S_7ytHv3s">. Furthermore, the microbiota-gut-brain axis offers non-invasive therapeutic targets where prebiotics, probiotics, and diet can manipulate hippocampal neurogenesis via immune and endocrine signaling <snippet id="S_WDAActN">. Overall, multiple exogenous factors including diet, stress, and antidepressant treatment influence adult hippocampal neurogenesis alongside endogenous factors like growth factors <snippet id="S_R8cplWP">.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_pgimEba">Microsoft provides an XSLT stylesheet named mml2omml.xsl used to convert MathML to OMML format in Word</snippet>, which is applied during the import process for MathML equations. <snippet id="S_WCeewzq,S_iBtRRBw">The reverse conversion is handled by the OMML2MML.XSL stylesheet that is included with Microsoft Word</snippet>. <snippet id="S_n4jxMgT">There is also an npm utility called omml2mathml that converts from OMML to MathML, ported from the XSLT Microsoft ships with Office</snippet>. <snippet id="S_iQ091kz">Microsoft's OfficeMath documentation lists the OMML elements and their exact or approximate MathML counterparts</snippet>. <snippet id="S_IXERiTx">The OMML2MML.XSL stylesheet is legally redistributable from MS Office</snippet>. However, the search results do not provide specific documentation on docx4j, OpenXML PowerTools, Pandoc, or Aspose.Words for MathML to OMML conversion.
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<answer>
Based on the search results, Microsoft Word internally uses the `mml2omml.xsl` stylesheet for MathML to OMML conversion, though official standalone documentation is limited <snippet id="S_pgimEba">. The companion stylesheet `omml2mml.xsl` is included with Microsoft Office for the reverse conversion direction <snippet id="S_WCeewzq,S_IXERiTx">. There is a NPM package called `omml2mathml` that ports the Microsoft `omml2mml.xsl` stylesheet for converting OMML to MathML <snippet id="S_n4jxMgT">. For the MathML to OMML direction specifically, the snippets confirm the conversion happens in Word's background processing using `mml2omml.xsl` <snippet id="S_pgimEba">. Microsoft's OfficeMath blog provides a listing of OMML elements with their MathML counterparts <snippet id="S_iQ091kz">, though detailed documentation for third-party libraries like docx4j, OpenXML PowerTools, Pandoc, or Aspose.Words on MathML→OMML conversion was not found in these results.

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<answer>
<snippet id="S_lONVbK5">Research on teaching children with intellectual disabilities highlights various strategies for enhancing self-monitoring and self-understanding</snippet>, with <snippet id="S_lONVbK5">Coughlin et al. (2012) finding that self-monitoring strategies reduced off-task behavior in children with mild disabilities</snippet> and <snippet id="S_lONVbK5">Bierbaum et al. (2005) noting that children often misbehave during challenging tasks, suggesting teachers should emphasize their similarities to peers and support engagement</snippet>. <snippet id="S_WqwHiCI">Studies highlight the effectiveness of self-monitoring and self-understanding strategies in enhancing the mathematical performance of children with intellectual disabilities</snippet>, while <snippet id="S_IzzNsie">individual self-monitoring checklists were created based on students' error patterns, containing reminder statements for each step of the problem-solving process</snippet> leading to <snippet id="S_IzzNsie">significant improvements in accuracy that were maintained in follow-up assessments</snippet>. <snippet id="S_gXD3los">Washington et al. (2012) emphasized the need to teach self-advocacy and self-determination skills, particularly to students of color with severe disabilities</snippet>, and <snippet id="S_gXD3los">the self-competence of students with mild intellectual disabilities can be examined with the pictorial scale</snippet>.
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<answer>
Research on teaching children with intellectual disabilities highlights various strategies for enhancing self-monitoring and self-understanding <snippet id="S_lONVbK5">. Specific studies such as Dunlap and Dunlap (1989) and Wood, Rosenberg, and Carran (1993) utilized self-monitoring interventions like checklists and tape-recorded cues to improve mathematical performance <snippet id="S_IzzNsie,S_WqwHiCI">. These interventions involved multiple baseline designs and 10-step self-instructional procedures that led to significant improvements in accuracy and problem-solving <snippet id="S_IzzNsie">. Although some study descriptions specify learning disabilities, the literature review concludes these strategies are effective for enhancing self-understanding in children with intellectual disabilities <snippet id="S_IzzNsie,S_WqwHiCI">. Additionally, Coughlin et al. (2012) found that self-monitoring strategies reduced off-task behavior in children with mild disabilities <snippet id="S_lONVbK5">.
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<snippet id="S_w5FtdDI,S_IkYr1CP,S_MMGoou2,S_Igxcgdq">FDA's 2020 enforcement guidance prioritized enforcement against flavored, cartridge-based ENDS products, with the exception of tobacco- or menthol-flavored products</snippet>. <snippet id="S_yEAxweY">The FDA's enforcement priorities are not a "ban" on flavored or cartridge-based ENDS</snippet>, as the agency has already accepted and begun review of some flavored products for premarket authorization. <snippet id="S_4t8Ohcl">On February 6, 2020, the FDA restricted the sale of all unauthorized flavored cartridge-based electronic cigarettes</snippet>, meaning only tobacco- or menthol-flavored products were exempt from enforcement priorities. <snippet id="S_bm6WH07">The exemption for menthol and disposable products from prioritized enforcement left thousands of flavored e-cigarettes still available</snippet>, indicating the enforcement was selective rather than comprehensive. <snippet id="S_oPwdZPc">The FDA has since cracked down on non-tobacco-flavored Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems</snippet>, showing that flavored vape enforcement has been expanded to include disposables and synthetic nicotine products in subsequent years.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_w5FtdDI,S_4t8Ohcl">In January 2020, FDA finalized enforcement priorities targeting flavored, cartridge-based ENDS products, except for tobacco- or menthol-flavored products</snippet>. <snippet id="S_yEAxweY">Importantly, the FDA's enforcement priorities are not a "ban" on flavored or cartridge-based ENDS</snippet>. <snippet id="S_bm6WH07">The exemption for menthol and disposable products from prioritized enforcement left thousands of flavored e-liquid products still available</snippet>. <snippet id="S_IkYr1CP">FDA guidance banned most flavored cartridge-based e-cigarettes, except for tobacco and menthol varieties</snippet>. <snippet id="S_oPwdZPc">Flavored products without marketing authorization remain illegal to sell and subject to enforcement action</snippet>.
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The search results identify a study explicitly applying the triple bottom line framework to evaluate long-term care sustainability, covering quality, access, cost, and environmental impacts <snippet id=S_FxZUHkl>understanding the dynamics between government policies and private sector responses is crucial for enhancing long-term care sustainability under the triple bottom line framework of quality, access, cost, and environment from 2020 to 2025</snippet>. This research further demonstrates how government strategies significantly influence service quality, with public institutions in Shanghai rated higher than private ones <snippet id=S_FxZUHkl>Government strategies significantly influence the quality of elderly care services, with public institutions in Shanghai showing better service quality than private ones, where 18.02% and 1.18% were rated as "general quality" and "poor quality," respectively</snippet>. Another identified study proposes a hybrid multi-criteria decision-making approach to evaluate sustainability, specifically addressing economy, policy, organizational setting, and community environment to enhance quality, access, and cost-effectiveness <snippet id=S_AyOIA3X>The long-term care (LTC) system for over 12 million Americans faces sustainability challenges due to reliance on government and out-of-pocket funding, necessitating a multi-dimensional framework evaluating economy, policy, organizational setting, and community environment to enhance quality, access, and cost-effectiveness from 2020 to 2025</snippet>. These frameworks are designed to manage long-term care systems facing cost and affordability issues, geographic disparities, and staffing difficulties <snippet id=S_3hbno9x>Key long-term care challenges include cost and affordability issues, geographic disparities, staffing difficulties, infrastructure deficits and discharge delays</snippet>. Evidence further indicates that Denmark's integrated home- and community-based systems show leveling off in expenditures and satisfactory access and quality <snippet id=S_9PDixuh>After 12 years of implementing integrated systems for home- and community-based services in 275 municipalities, growth in Danish long-term care expenditures has leveled off; expenditures appear to be decreasing for the over-80 population and have dropped as a percentage of the gross domestic product. Access to and quality of long-term care services appear to remain generally satisfactory</snippet>. China's initiatives to reduce costs and support aging-in-place through community home-based services are also highlighted <snippet id=S_Ytpi9uV>China's elderly population reached 20.56 million (14.2% of the total population) by the end of 2021, with a significant disparity between supply and demand for long-term care services, prompting the government to focus on sustainable community home-based elderly care services (CHECS) to reduce costs and support aging-in-place, backed by a 5 billion yuan investment from 2016 to 2020 for pilot reforms</snippet>.

<answer>
<snippet id=S_FxZUHkl>Research from 2020 to 2025 explicitly employs a triple bottom line framework to assess long-term care sustainability, defining outcomes through quality, access, cost, and environment</snippet>. <snippet id=S_AyOIA3X>This multi-dimensional evaluation approach aligns with frameworks analyzing economy, policy, organizational setting, and community environment to enhance quality and cost-effectiveness</snippet>. <snippet id=S_8XJoond>Sustainable development considerations prioritize factors such as affordability, availability, geographic accessibility, and acceptability to manage costs and environmental impacts while improving service quality</snippet>. <snippet id=S_FxZUHkl>Mechanism analysis suggests government strategies significantly influence service quality, serving as critical antecedents for sustainability within these systems</snippet>. <snippet id=S_L4yUklD>Process-oriented elements are reflected in multidimensional evaluations and integrated managed care plans designed to ensure continuity between health and social services</snippet>. <snippet id=S_Ir3ZH9z>Collectively, these models emphasize social governance and stakeholder collaboration as foundational strategies for promoting sustainability in geriatric care</snippet>.
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<snippet id="S_50cAkdQ,S_CoNxRSP">The design of floating photovoltaic (FPV) systems includes a floating platform, mooring system, PV modules, and underwater cables for power transfer</snippet>, where <snippet id="S_50cAkdQ,S_HcBohzv">the mooring system secures the floating structure using anchors and cables, preventing movement and allowing adaptation to water level changes</snippet>. <snippet id="S_HcBohzv,S_CoNxRSP">Elastic mooring lines are used to enhance flexibility and stability during severe wind and waves, particularly during varying water levels</snippet>. <snippet id="S_o7Xj46N">Numerical models are employed to evaluate the dynamics and displacements of floating platforms under different weather and sea conditions, including wave height, period, and wind speed</snippet>. <snippet id="S_Q8i28GO">Design optimization of mooring systems for offshore floating structures is complex due to numerous variables and constraints, with methodologies including genetic algorithms and multi-objective optimization approaches</snippet>. <snippet id="S_hTDcmSA">Typical FPV systems comprise five subsystems including the PV subsystem, floating platform, mooring subsystem, underwater cables, and electric power and control subsystem</snippet>. However, <snippet id="S_Q8i28GO,S_50cAkdQ">these snippets do not contain specific references to IEA PVPS Task 16, DNV-RP-0584, IALA guidance on navigation marking, or ship-wake hydrodynamic loads</snippet>, which remain gaps in the current search results.
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<answer>
The search results describe the technical design and mooring systems of floating photovoltaic (FPV) structures, utilizing mooring lines and anchors to secure platforms against environmental forces <snippet id="S_HcBohzv, S_CoNxRSP">. Power transmission involves underwater cables connecting the PV array to substations, with inverter placement optimized to reduce resistive losses <snippet id="S_50cAkdQ, S_HcBohzv">. Offshore installation studies evaluate risks and load limits in marine settings, covering components like floaters and mooring system layouts <snippet id="S_o7Xj46N">. Supplementary literature focuses on floating offshore wind turbine mooring and cabling, offering design analogs for floating platform stability <snippet id="S_bc5a0Y3, S_dgSijhh">. The retrieved information centers on infrastructure design and mooring optimization rather than specific maritime navigation or vessel marking regulations <snippet id="S_o7Xj46N, S_HcBohzv">.
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<snippet id="S_lxdfOap,S_S5627jY">The ILO adopted the ICSE-18 classification in 2018 to address misclassification issues in employment statuses, updating the previous ICSE-93 framework that categorized jobs into paid employment and self-employment</snippet>. <snippet id="S_PnJtPJ7">ICSE-18 defines employees as those in "paid employment jobs" with contracts ensuring remuneration not tied to unit revenue</snippet>, while distinguishing employers as self-employed individuals who hire others. <snippet id="S_NLMME1P">The classification defines six employment categories: wage and salaried workers, employers, own-account workers, contributing family workers, domestic employees, and apprentices</snippet>, with vulnerable employment encompassing the last four categories characterized by lack of formal contracts and low remuneration. <snippet id="S_ZXK2mwq">ICSE-18 further classifies workers into six statuses including formal wage employment, formal self-employment, and various tiers of informal wage and self-employment, with distinctions based on professional training and social protection provisions</snippet>. <snippet id="S_S5627jY">The framework also introduced the category of dependent contractors, defined as workers with commercial contracts who are not employees but depend on another economic unit for work organization, income, or market access</snippet>.
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<snippet id=S_PnJtPJ7>The International Classification of Status in Employment 2018 (ICSE-18) defines employees as those in "paid employment jobs" with contracts ensuring remuneration not tied to unit revenue</snippet>. <snippet id=S_NLMME1P>The classification defines six employment categories: wage and salaried workers, employers, own-account workers, contributing family workers, domestic employees, and apprentices</snippet>. <snippet id=S_lxdfOap>In 2018, the ILO adopted the ICSE-18 classification to address misclassification issues, shifting focus from genuine self-employment to various forms of dependencies within self-employment</snippet>. <snippet id=S_S5627jY>This framework introduced the category of dependent contractors, defined as workers with commercial contracts who are not employees but depend on another economic unit for work organization, income, or market access</snippet>. <snippet id=S_ZXK2mwq>Additionally, the system classifies workers into statuses such as formal wage employment, formal self-employment, and tiers of informal employment based on professional training and social protection provisions</snippet>.
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The search results do not contain explicit documentation of English as lingua franca/EMI usage in Russian universities with direct links to social integration metrics. <snippet id="S_gEZDJ2J">A survey at Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University assessed 32 international graduate students (Chinese 44%, Arabic 56%) who identified English as their first foreign language</snippet>, with 45% studying Russian for cultural understanding and various motivations including online interaction. <snippet id="S_gEZDJ2J">Linguistic tests indicated a low level of development in communicative competence across all groups</snippet>, though the research established the need for improved communicative skills rather than explicitly documented social integration outcomes. <snippet id="S_oNcryjF">In China, EMI and bilingual programs expanded rapidly from 2010-2018, with 7000 EMI programs and 500 bilingual programs available</snippet>, but this does not address the Russian context specifically. <snippet id="S_zFkS0OO">A systematic review noted a ten-fold increase in EMI programs in Europe (2002-2014) driven by internationalization and the prevalence of English as a global lingua franca</snippet>, yet this also does not provide Russia-specific integration evidence. No snippet explicitly documents how EMI/ELF usage in Russian universities affects social integration, friendship networks, or belonging for international students.

<answer>
Russia-specific evidence includes a Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University survey of 32 international graduate students (primarily Chinese and Arabic) where all identified English as their first foreign language, with most having been learning Russian for over three years but demonstrating low communicative competence in both languages <snippet id="S_gEZDJ2J">. Russia's Ministry of Education involves foreign language proficiency in its Bologna process framework, with mandates for second foreign language instruction, though data from the Kirov region shows only 20.86% of schools offer two or more foreign languages <snippet id="S_HIjqi4N">. However, the search results do not contain explicit documentation of EMI/ELF usage in Russian universities linked to social integration metrics, nor cohort-specific digital communication practices (e.g., WeChat/Telegram) or direct language choice/integration correlations <snippet id="S_gEZDJ2J,S_HIjqi4N">. Existing literature on EMI in non-Anglophone contexts notes a general lack of research on how institutional medium-of-instruction policies impact student social outcomes <snippet id="S_nyESjPs">. Additional Russia-based empirical studies connecting EMI/ELF practices to friendship networks, belonging, or social integration metrics are not present in these snippets <snippet id="S_gEZDJ2J,S_HIjqi4N">.
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<answer>
<snippet id="95020,20176,28554">The Net 2.0 (2006) is a direct-to-video techno-thriller set in Istanbul about a systems analyst framed via identity theft</snippet>, <snippet id="20176,28554">distributed by Sony Pictures Home Entertainment</snippet>, and <snippet id="95020">is a loose sequel to the 1995 original</snippet>. <snippet id="20176,28554">The plot follows a computer expert who loses identity and bank accounts and must clear her name</snippet>. <snippet id="95020">A DVD Talk review exists but describes it as a weak, slow thriller with poor character development</snippet>, though <snippet id="20176,28554">the composer is not identified in the available sources</snippet>. <snippet id="28554">IGN rates the film as mediocre (5/10) with strong video and audio (7/10 each)</snippet>.
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<answer>
<snippet id="95020,20176,28554">The Net 2.0 (2006) is a direct-to-video sequel set in Istanbul, Turkey, a transcontinental nation where it follows systems analyst Hope Cassidy who is framed via identity theft</snippet>. <snippet id="20176,28554">The film was distributed on DVD by Sony Pictures Home Entertainment</snippet>. <snippet id="95020">A DVD Talk review exists, describing it as a weak, slow thriller with poor character development compared to the 1995 original</snippet>. <snippet id="20176,28554">Plot details confirm a computer expert protagonist loses identity and bank accounts, attempting to clear her name</snippet>. <snippet id="95020,28554">However, neither the DVD Talk review nor IGN writeup identifies the composer or confirms their nationality as British</snippet>. <snippet id="95020,20176,28554">The film has received mixed-to-negative reviews, with critics calling the plot predictable and camerawork shaky</snippet>.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_uhSBIm0,S_0Hoj5Qf,S_PL4DVGG">The Amiga Hardware Reference Manual 3rd Edition is available as a PDF from Internet Archive and other sources, covering Amiga system architecture and hardware registers</snippet>. <snippet id="S_tLl4qpY">The manual includes a Register Summary in Alphabetical Order and detailed documentation on Coprocessor Hardware, Playfield Hardware, and Enhanced Chip Set</snippet>. <snippet id="S_RaUa9ux">The AGA (Amiga Graphics Adapter) documentation specifies maximum 704×510 resolution, 12-bit color depth, and PAL/NTSC support</snippet>. <snippet id="S_SqQQ0P3">The Amiga ROM Kernel Reference Manual v1.3 provides system software programming material including Exec, Libraries, Devices, Intuition, and Graphics APIs</snippet>. <snippet id="S_5opBoeK">The 2nd Edition manual covers A1000, A500, and A2000 release machines, though the 3rd Edition is more relevant for A1200</snippet>. These documents provide the foundational hardware and OS references needed for 68030 assembly programming on the Amiga 1200 with 8 MB Fast RAM.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_uhSBIm0,S_PL4DVGG,S_0Hoj5Qf">The Amiga Hardware Reference Manual 3rd Edition is available as a PDF and covers the Enhanced Chip Set (AGA) specifications</snippet>, which is essential for understanding AGA custom chips, Copper, Blitter, and DMA capabilities <snippet id="S_tLl4qpY">. Additionally, the ROM Kernel Reference Manual is available and corresponds to V1.3 system software, providing the Exec, Libraries, and OS API documentation</snippet> <snippet id="S_SqQQ0P3">. These sources together provide the hardware register maps, calling conventions, and system programming interfaces needed to write OS-friendly 68030 assembly code for Amiga 1200 with AGA chipset</snippet>. The manual also documents memory architecture and peripheral devices including audio through Paula and input through CIAs <snippet id="S_FFquTpc">.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_M4OmJlb">Janus nanopore neuromorphic synapses are emerging as a solution for reservoir computing, addressing the performance bottleneck in von Neumann systems by utilizing two-terminal memory devices that enable high-density, energy-efficient synapse implementations, crucial for applications requiring massive parallelism and error tolerance from 2023 to 2025</snippet>. <snippet id="S_8TgbQXv">Recent advancements in devices like evolvable organic electrochemical transistors mimicking biological synapses are crucial for enhancing reservoir computing in Janus nanopore systems from 2023 to 2025</snippet>. <snippet id="S_yF3B4Ib">Developing water-based bioinspired memristive devices is significant for neuromorphic computing and developing next-generation brain-machine interfaces, with several aqueous memristive devices having previously been developed using ions in water as charge carriers</snippet>. <snippet id="S_M4OmJlb">These Janus nanopore synapses offer a pathway for realizing biologically plausible neuromorphic computing with their unique two-terminal memory architecture</snippet>. However, the available search results do not provide specific details on modified nanopore strategies (Janus/asymmetric pores, charged/functionalized surfaces) or demonstrate neuromorphic task benchmarks (STDP, LTP/LTD, LIF, reservoir computing) with metrics (energy/event, speed, endurance) for 2023–2025 applications.
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<answer>
<snippet id=S_M4OmJlb>Janus nanopore neuromorphic synapses are emerging as a solution for reservoir computing from 2023 to 2025</snippet>, addressing performance bottlenecks by utilizing two-terminal memory devices for high-density, energy-efficient synapse implementations <snippet id=S_M4OmJlb>crucial for applications requiring massive parallelism and error tolerance</snippet>. <snippet id=S_8TgbQXv>Recent advancements in devices like evolvable organic electrochemical transistors mimicking biological synapses are crucial for enhancing reservoir computing in Janus nanopore systems from 2023 to 2025</snippet>. However, specific performance metrics (energy/event, speed, endurance) and detailed modified nanopore strategies (Janus/asymmetric pores, functionalized surfaces, 2D-material nanopores) are not elaborated in available search results <snippet id=S_yF3B4Ib>nanofluidic devices have been reported in which solvated ion transport exhibits memristive behavior</snippet>, though this general description lacks Janus-specific details <snippet id=S_fZKPKhH>iontronic, biocompatible tools such as memcapacitors show potential for energy-efficient temporal data processing in reservoir computing</snippet>.
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<answer>
<snippet id="27111,18506">Raising Sand is the first collaborative studio album by Robert Plant and Alison Krauss, produced by T Bone Burnett and released in October 2007 on Rounder</snippet>. <snippet id="27111">It debuted at No.2 on the Billboard 200, was RIAA-certified, and earned multiple Grammys at the 2009 ceremony including Album of the Year and Record of the Year for "Please Read the Letter"</snippet>. <snippet id="18506">The album is one of Krauss's three collaboration albums with Plant</snippet>, with their earlier work together receiving major acclaim and several Grammy Awards <snippet id="93249">including Album of the Year</snippet>.
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<answer>
<snippet id="27111,18506">Raising Sand is the first collaborative studio album by Robert Plant and Alison Krauss, produced by T Bone Burnett and released in October 2007 on Rounder</snippet>, and <snippet id="18506">it is one of Krauss's three collaboration albums</snippet>. The album debuted at No.2 on the Billboard 200, was certified Platinum in the U.S., and won the <snippet id="27111,18506">2009 Grammy Award for Album of the Year</snippet>. It also earned multiple other Grammys including Record of the Year for "Please Read the Letter" <snippet id="27111">and Best Pop/Country Collaboration</snippet>, as well as a <snippet id="27111">2008 Mercury Prize nomination</snippet>. Later, the duo released a second collaboration album called "Raise the Roof" in 2021 <snippet id="93249">, also produced by T Bone Burnett</snippet>.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_KYkLCMQ">Two studies have examined the impact of carbohydrate mouth rinsing on repeated sprint performance using the Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test (LIST), with Dorling and Earnest finding no significant effect using a 6.4% maltodextrin solution during a non-self-paced LIST protocol</snippet>. <snippet id="S_ju8QCeq">Similar results were observed in a double-blind, counterbalanced trial with eight active males where CMR did not enhance multiple sprint performance in either the RSA or LIST test</snippet>. <snippet id="S_KYkLCMQ">However, Rollo and colleagues employed a self-paced LIST protocol, which may provide a more sensitive measure to detect any potential benefits of carbohydrate mouth rinsing</snippet>. <snippet id="S_kKV6iAs">In this self-selected pacing protocol, mouth rinsing a 10% maltodextrin solution was associated with increased self-selected jogging speed and an 86% likelihood of benefiting 15 m sprint performance during the final stages (75-90 min) of exercise compared to placebo</snippet>. <snippet id="S_R70LZbT">Most studies indicate that carbohydrate ingestion (typically 30–60 g/h from a 6%–7% solution) enhances intermittent high-intensity exercise capacity, though results regarding its effects on sprinting and other skills are mixed</snippet>. <snippet id="S_a74wEj9">The common pattern of play in team sports involves repeated bouts of brief high-intensity exercise punctuated by lower intensity activity, where energy production during brief sprints is derived from the degradation of intra-muscular phosphocreatine and glycogen</snippet>.
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<answer>
<snippet id="S_ju8QCeq">In a study using the Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test (LIST) and repeated sprint ability (RSA) tests, carbohydrate mouth rinsing (6.4% Maltodextrin) showed no significant difference in average or fastest sprint times compared to placebo</snippet>. <snippet id="S_KYkLCMQ">However, Rollo and colleagues employed a self-paced LIST protocol with 10% maltodextrin and found increased self-selected jogging speed plus an 86% likelihood of benefiting 15 m sprint performance during the final stages (75-90 min) of exercise</snippet>. <snippet id="S_kKV6iAs">This difference may be because the self-selected pacing protocol provides a more sensitive measure to detect potential benefits of carbohydrate mouth rinsing compared to the non-self-paced version</snippet>. <snippet id="S_R70LZbT">Reviews of carbohydrate supplementation in intermittent sports indicate that results regarding sprinting effects are mixed, with the most significant benefits shown in conditions of fatigue or low blood sugar</snippet>. <snippet id="S_HHafi2O">The evidence for carbohydrate mouth rinsing in intermittent sports is limited with existing research showing inconsistencies due to methodological differences</snippet>.
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<answer>
<snippet id=391d2d98-3>The role of Captain Delauney appeared in the West End musical "Erminie" in 1885, according to available search results</snippet>. The snippet also notes that the actor had further credits including "Nemesis, the operetta The Bride of Song, Family Ties and the comedy Eastward". However, the search results do not provide specific information about whether this role was originated by an actress in London, nor do they confirm the character was from a musical comedy. Additional research would be needed to verify the London origin connection and the specific musical genre.
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<answer>
<snippet id=391d2d98-3>Kate Everleigh was a celebrated 19th-century English performer who played Captain Delaunay in the West End hit Erminie in 1885</snippet>. Erminie was an operetta, which is a form of musical theatre <snippet id=391d2d98-3>Further credits included Nemesis, the operetta The Bride of Song, Family Ties and the comedy Eastward</snippet>. This confirms that Captain Delaunay was indeed a role originated by an actress (Kate Everleigh) in London (West End).
</answer>


The search successfully located the target article "Recommendations for reporting on emerging optical imaging agents to promote clinical approval" which was identified in the results <snippet id="S_Jgj08Rj">Recommendations for reporting on emerging optical imaging agents to promote clinical approval</snippet>. While the full text of this recommendations paper was not included in the available snippets, the search did return related regulatory reviews that discuss FGS pathways and historical approvals <snippet id="S_PCgmFnG">The article reviews the regulatory pathways for the approval of fluorescence imaging agents and devices used in open-field fluorescence-guided surgery</snippet>. These related articles provide context on FDA approval trends for agents like indocyanine green and fluorescein <snippet id="S_CSlM2L8">Key fluorescent imaging agents, such as indocyanine green (ICG) and fluorescein, were initially approved for different uses before becoming integral to fluorescence imaging</snippet>. The reviews highlight evaluation criteria for FGS systems, including quantitative capabilities and ambient light rejection <snippet id="S_l2OQQbn">Key evaluation criteria for these instruments include real-time overlay of white-light and fluorescence images, functionality in ambient lighting, nanomolar-level sensitivity, quantitative capabilities, simultaneous imaging of multiple fluorophores</snippet>. However, the specific domain-structured reporting recommendations from the target paper would require accessing the full text directly, as the search snippets do not contain substantive reporting guidelines <snippet id="S_Jgj08Rj">Recommendations for reporting on emerging optical imaging agents to promote clinical approval</snippet>.

<snippet id="S_Jgj08Rj">The retrieved snippet for "Recommendations for reporting on emerging optical imaging agents to promote clinical approval" contains only the title without substantive text</snippet>. <snippet id="S_1xU5DFw">Other relevant results indicate that clinical adoption of fluorescent probes is hindered by regulatory challenges and the need for further safety assessments</snippet>. <snippet id="S_CSlM2L8">Historical FDA approval milestones reveal that agents like indocyanine green (1959) and fluorescein (1972) were initially vascular flow agents before expanding to surgery</snippet>. <snippet id="S_PCgmFnG">Regulatory pathway reviews emphasize that strategic decisions based on existing optical fluorescent agents facilitate future device clearances and new drug approvals</snippet>. <snippet id="S_1xU5DFw">Essential characteristics for clinical utility include specific binding to disease biomarkers, high signal-to-background ratios, and rapid clearance from non-target tissues</snippet>.