model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(model_name, torch_dtype=torch.float16, device_map='sequential')
prompt_template = "Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.\n\n### Instruction:\n{instruction}\n\n### Response:"
prompt = """What is attention mechanism of a transformer model?
Write a python code to illustrate how attention works within a transformer model using numpy library. Donot use pytorch or tensorflow."""
Attention mechanisms in transformer models are typically implemented using the attention mechanism in the self-attention layer. Self-attention allows the model to focus on different parts of the input sequence when processing it. This is achieved by computing a set of attention weights, which are used to weigh the contribution of each input element to the output.
Here's an example code using NumPy to illustrate how attention works in a transformer model:
```python
import numpy as np
def attention_weights(query, key, value, mask):
# Query, key, and value are input tensors. Mask is a tensor of zeros and ones that represents the attention mask.
# It is used to prevent the model from attending to certain positions in the input sequence if they are not relevant.
# The attention weights are the element-wise product of the query, key, and mask tensors.
# The result is a tensor of the same shape as the query tensor.
# Compute the dot product between the query tensor and the key tensor
dot = np.matmul(query, key)
# Compute the element-wise softmax of the dot product tensor
exp_dot = np.exp(dot)
# Multiply the dot product and the softmax of the dot product tensors
In this example, the `attention_weights` function takes as input the query tensor, key tensor, value tensor, and mask tensor. It computes the dot product between the query and key tensors using the `np.matmul` function, and then applies a softmax function using the `np.exp` function to the element-wise dot product tensor. It then multiplies the dot product and softmax tensors using the `np.matmul` function, and returns the result as a NumPy tensor.
The `query`, `key`, and `value` tensors represent the input sequence to the transformer model. The `mask` tensor represents the attention mask, which is used to prevent the model from attending to certain positions in the input sequence if they are not relevant.
The output of the `attention_weights` function is a NumPy tensor that represents the attention weights for the input sequence. These weights are used by the transformer model to weigh the contribution of each input element to the output.
I hope this helps!</s>
<hr>
## Finetuning details
The finetuning scripts will be available in our [RAIL Github Repository](https://github.com/vmware-labs/research-and-development-artificial-intelligence-lab/tree/main/instruction-tuning)
