[INFRA] Import NVIDIA/CCCL upstream as optimization reference library

CCCL (CUDA C++ Core Libraries) provides:
- CUB: device/block/warp-level GPU primitives (reduce, scan, sort, topk)
- Thrust: high-level parallel algorithms (transform_reduce, sort, scan)
- libcudacxx: CUDA C++ standard library (atomics, barriers, memory)
- cudax: experimental features (memory resources, allocators)
- Tuning policies: per-SM hardware-specific algorithm parameters

Competition optimization vectors mapped to CCCL:
- Output TPS (83% weight): warp_reduce, block_reduce, device_topk
- Input TPS (14% weight): device_scan, block_load, prefetch
- Cache TPS (3% weight): prefix caching strategy patterns
- Memory (0.9 util): pooled/cached/buddy allocators

Source: https://github.com/NVIDIA/cccl (shallow clone, HEAD only)
License: Apache-2.0

cccl_upstream/cudax/examples/async_buffer_add.cu

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// Part of CUDA Experimental in CUDA C++ Core Libraries,
+// under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2024 NVIDIA CORPORATION & AFFILIATES.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+/**
+ * Vector addition: C = A + B.
+ *
+ * This sample is a very basic sample that implements element by element
+ * vector addition. It is the same as the sample illustrating Chapter 2
+ * of the programming guide with some additions like error checking.
+ */
+
+#include <thrust/execution_policy.h>
+#include <thrust/random.h>
+#include <thrust/tabulate.h>
+#include <thrust/transform.h>
+
+#include <cuda/experimental/container.cuh>
+#include <cuda/experimental/memory_resource.cuh>
+#include <cuda/experimental/stream.cuh>
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+namespace cudax = cuda::experimental;
+
+constexpr int numElements = 50000;
+
+struct generator
+{
+  thrust::default_random_engine gen{};
+  thrust::uniform_real_distribution<float> dist{-10.0f, 10.0f};
+
+  __host__ __device__ generator(const unsigned seed)
+      : gen{seed}
+  {}
+
+  __host__ __device__ float operator()(cuda::std::size_t idx) noexcept
+  {
+    gen.discard(idx);
+    return dist(gen);
+  }
+};
+
+int main()
+{
+  // A CUDA stream on which to execute the vector addition kernel
+  cudax::stream stream{cuda::device_ref{0}};
+
+  // The execution policy we want to use to run all work on the same stream
+  auto policy = thrust::cuda::par_nosync.on(stream.get());
+
+  cuda::device_memory_pool_ref device_resource = cuda::device_default_memory_pool(cuda::device_ref{0});
+
+  // Allocate the two inputs and output, but do not zero initialize via `cuda::no_init`
+  cuda::device_buffer<float> A{stream, device_resource, numElements, cuda::no_init};
+  cuda::device_buffer<float> B{stream, device_resource, numElements, cuda::no_init};
+  cuda::device_buffer<float> C{stream, device_resource, numElements, cuda::no_init};
+
+  // Fill both vectors on stream using a random number generator
+  thrust::tabulate(policy, A.begin(), A.end(), generator{42});
+  thrust::tabulate(policy, B.begin(), B.end(), generator{1337});
+
+  // Add the vectors together
+  thrust::transform(policy, A.begin(), A.end(), B.begin(), C.begin(), cuda::std::plus<>{});
+
+  cuda::pinned_memory_pool_ref pinned_resource = cuda::pinned_default_memory_pool();
+
+  // Verify that the result vector is correct, by copying it to host
+  cuda::host_buffer<float> h_A{stream, pinned_resource, A};
+  cuda::host_buffer<float> h_B{stream, pinned_resource, B};
+  cuda::host_buffer<float> h_C{stream, pinned_resource, C};
+
+  // Do not forget to sync afterwards
+  stream.sync();
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < numElements; ++i)
+  {
+    if (cuda::std::abs(h_A.get_unsynchronized(i) + h_B.get_unsynchronized(i) - h_C.get_unsynchronized(i)) > 1e-5)
+    {
+      std::cerr << "Result verification failed at element " << i << "\n";
+      exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}