---
license: llama3.2
library_name: transformers
base_model: open-unlearning/tofu_Llama-3.2-1B-Instruct_full
tags:
  - unlearning
  - tofu
  - npo
  - llama
  - memory-laundering
  - machine-unlearning
datasets:
  - locuslab/TOFU
pipeline_tag: text-generation
language:
  - en
---

# 1B NPO-Unlearned Llama -- TOFU forget10

This is the **benchmark-selected rank-1 1B checkpoint** from:

> **Do Unlearned LLMs Really Forget? A Multi-View Audit of TOFU Unlearning Across 1B, 3B, and 8B Llama Models**
> Farhaan Fayaz, Anas Adnan, Danial Norsam, Vidur Pitumbur, Berken Gokcek, Amir Solanki
> University College London

The model was produced by applying **Negative Preference Optimisation (NPO)** to the TOFU-finetuned Llama-3.2-1B-Instruct checkpoint, targeting the `forget10` split (20 fictitious authors, 200 QA pairs).

## Intended use

This checkpoint is released as a **research artefact** for reproducibility. It is the exact model evaluated in the paper. It is not intended for production deployment.

## Training details

| Parameter | Value |
|-----------|-------|
| Base model | [`open-unlearning/tofu_Llama-3.2-1B-Instruct_full`](https://huggingface.co/open-unlearning/tofu_Llama-3.2-1B-Instruct_full) |
| Unlearning method | NPO |
| Forget split | `forget10` (20 authors, 200 QA pairs) |
| Retain split | `retain90` |
| Epochs | 10 |
| Learning rate | 5e-5 |
| Alpha | 1.0 |
| Beta | 0.1 |
| Sweep | 54-run grid (2 epochs x 3 LRs x 3 alphas x 3 betas) |
| Selection | Rank-1 by official TOFU `forget_quality` metric (blind) |

## Benchmark and audit results

| Metric | Value |
|--------|-------|
| TOFU forget quality | 0.967 |
| TOFU model utility | 0.548 |
| Overall novel-recall leak (corrected scorer) | 4.67% |
| Format-shift leak rate | 16.9% |
| Best-of-N prompt-level leak | 10.5% |
| Masked probe top-1 accuracy (last layer) | 0.618 |
| Forgotten-answer log-likelihood shift vs TOFU-full | -0.599 |
| RTT recovery delta | +0.84 pp |

Under the corrected novel-recall scorer (which excludes prompt-echoed content), base models leak near zero (0.4%), confirming that detected leakage is genuine TOFU-specific knowledge. The TOFU-full model leaks 3.70% at this scale. This unlearned checkpoint leaks 4.67% -- actually *exceeding* its TOFU-full counterpart by 0.97 pp. NPO changes what the model says far more than what it still knows.

Full audit details, including per-family breakdowns, are reported in the paper and the [GitHub repository](https://github.com/Naahraf27/memory-laundering).

## How to load

```python
from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer

model_id = "Naahraf27/npo_llama-3.2-1b-instruct_forget10_ep10_lr5e-5_alpha1.0_beta0.1"
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_id)
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(model_id, torch_dtype="bfloat16", device_map="auto")
```

## Citation

If you use this checkpoint, please cite:

```bibtex
@article{fayaz2026memory,
  title={Do Unlearned LLMs Really Forget? A Multi-View Audit of TOFU Unlearning Across 1B, 3B, and 8B Llama Models},
  author={Fayaz, Farhaan and Adnan, Anas and Norsam, Danial and Pitumbur, Vidur and Gokcek, Berken and Solanki, Amir},
  year={2026},
  institution={University College London}
}
```