### What this PR does / why we need it?
This PR backports the CPU binding locale normalization fix from #7274 to
`releases/v0.18.0`, including the follow-up review fixes already applied
on `main`.
The change forces `LC_ALL`, `LANG`, and `LC_MESSAGES` to `C` before
spawning subprocesses in `vllm_ascend.cpu_binding.execute_command()`, so
parser-dependent command output stays stable on localized systems. It
also handles `subprocess.TimeoutExpired` by killing the child process
before collecting output, and updates the existing unit tests to keep
command-argument coverage while adding timeout-path coverage.
Fixes#6992
### Does this PR introduce _any_ user-facing change?
Yes.
Users running CPU binding on non-English OS environments should now get
consistent English subprocess output for parser-dependent commands,
avoiding failures caused by inherited locale settings.
### How was this patch tested?
- Updated the existing unit tests in
`tests/ut/device_allocator/test_cpu_binding.py` to assert the locale
environment, retain command argument coverage, and cover the timeout
cleanup path.
- Attempted to run targeted pytest cases locally, but the pytest
invocation did not complete normally in this environment, so I could not
record a clean passing run here.
Attribution:
- Co-authored-by: stdjhs <1601599324@qq.com>
- Signed-off-by: chenchuw886 <chenchuw@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: chenchuw886 <chenchuw@huawei.com>
Co-authored-by: chenchuw886 <chenchuw@huawei.com>
Co-authored-by: stdjhs <1601599324@qq.com>
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