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#!/usr/bin/env python
# Copyright 2022 The HuggingFace Inc. team. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# /// script
# dependencies = [
# "transformers @ git+https://github.com/huggingface/transformers.git",
# "torch>=1.5.0",
# "torchvision>=0.6.0",
# "datasets>=1.8.0",
# ]
# ///
import logging
import os
import sys
from dataclasses import dataclass, field
from typing import Optional
import numpy as np
import torch
from datasets import load_dataset
from torchvision.transforms import Compose, Lambda, Normalize, RandomHorizontalFlip, RandomResizedCrop, ToTensor
import transformers
from transformers import (
CONFIG_MAPPING,
IMAGE_PROCESSOR_MAPPING,
MODEL_FOR_MASKED_IMAGE_MODELING_MAPPING,
AutoConfig,
AutoImageProcessor,
AutoModelForMaskedImageModeling,
HfArgumentParser,
Trainer,
TrainingArguments,
)
from transformers.trainer_utils import get_last_checkpoint
from transformers.utils import check_min_version, send_example_telemetry
from transformers.utils.versions import require_version
""" Pre-training a 🤗 Transformers model for simple masked image modeling (SimMIM).
Any model supported by the AutoModelForMaskedImageModeling API can be used.
"""
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
# Will error if the minimal version of Transformers is not installed. Remove at your own risks.
check_min_version("4.57.0.dev0")
require_version("datasets>=1.8.0", "To fix: pip install -r examples/pytorch/image-pretraining/requirements.txt")
MODEL_CONFIG_CLASSES = list(MODEL_FOR_MASKED_IMAGE_MODELING_MAPPING.keys())
MODEL_TYPES = tuple(conf.model_type for conf in MODEL_CONFIG_CLASSES)
@dataclass
class DataTrainingArguments:
"""
Arguments pertaining to what data we are going to input our model for training and eval.
Using `HfArgumentParser` we can turn this class into argparse arguments to be able to
specify them on the command line.
"""
dataset_name: Optional[str] = field(
default="cifar10", metadata={"help": "Name of a dataset from the datasets package"}
)
dataset_config_name: Optional[str] = field(
default=None, metadata={"help": "The configuration name of the dataset to use (via the datasets library)."}
)
image_column_name: Optional[str] = field(
default=None,
metadata={"help": "The column name of the images in the files. If not set, will try to use 'image' or 'img'."},
)
train_dir: Optional[str] = field(default=None, metadata={"help": "A folder containing the training data."})
validation_dir: Optional[str] = field(default=None, metadata={"help": "A folder containing the validation data."})
train_val_split: Optional[float] = field(
default=0.15, metadata={"help": "Percent to split off of train for validation."}
)
mask_patch_size: int = field(default=32, metadata={"help": "The size of the square patches to use for masking."})
mask_ratio: float = field(
default=0.6,
metadata={"help": "Percentage of patches to mask."},
)
max_train_samples: Optional[int] = field(
default=None,
metadata={
"help": (
"For debugging purposes or quicker training, truncate the number of training examples to this "
"value if set."
)
},
)
max_eval_samples: Optional[int] = field(
default=None,
metadata={
"help": (
"For debugging purposes or quicker training, truncate the number of evaluation examples to this "
"value if set."
)
},
)
def __post_init__(self):
data_files = {}
if self.train_dir is not None:
data_files["train"] = self.train_dir
if self.validation_dir is not None:
data_files["val"] = self.validation_dir
self.data_files = data_files if data_files else None
@dataclass
class ModelArguments:
"""
Arguments pertaining to which model/config/image processor we are going to pre-train.
"""
model_name_or_path: str = field(
default=None,
metadata={
"help": (
"The model checkpoint for weights initialization. Can be a local path to a pytorch_model.bin or a "
"checkpoint identifier on the hub. "
"Don't set if you want to train a model from scratch."
)
},
)
model_type: Optional[str] = field(
default=None,
metadata={"help": "If training from scratch, pass a model type from the list: " + ", ".join(MODEL_TYPES)},
)
config_name_or_path: Optional[str] = field(
default=None, metadata={"help": "Pretrained config name or path if not the same as model_name"}
)
config_overrides: Optional[str] = field(
default=None,
metadata={
"help": (
"Override some existing default config settings when a model is trained from scratch. Example: "
"n_embd=10,resid_pdrop=0.2,scale_attn_weights=false,summary_type=cls_index"
)
},
)
cache_dir: Optional[str] = field(
default=None,
metadata={"help": "Where do you want to store (cache) the pretrained models/datasets downloaded from the hub"},
)
model_revision: str = field(
default="main",
metadata={"help": "The specific model version to use (can be a branch name, tag name or commit id)."},
)
image_processor_name: str = field(default=None, metadata={"help": "Name or path of preprocessor config."})
token: str = field(
default=None,
metadata={
"help": (
"The token to use as HTTP bearer authorization for remote files. If not specified, will use the token "
"generated when running `hf auth login` (stored in `~/.huggingface`)."
)
},
)
trust_remote_code: bool = field(
default=False,
metadata={
"help": (
"Whether to trust the execution of code from datasets/models defined on the Hub."
" This option should only be set to `True` for repositories you trust and in which you have read the"
" code, as it will execute code present on the Hub on your local machine."
)
},
)
image_size: Optional[int] = field(
default=None,
metadata={
"help": (
"The size (resolution) of each image. If not specified, will use `image_size` of the configuration."
)
},
)
patch_size: Optional[int] = field(
default=None,
metadata={
"help": (
"The size (resolution) of each patch. If not specified, will use `patch_size` of the configuration."
)
},
)
encoder_stride: Optional[int] = field(
default=None,
metadata={"help": "Stride to use for the encoder."},
)
class MaskGenerator:
"""
A class to generate boolean masks for the pretraining task.
A mask is a 1D tensor of shape (model_patch_size**2,) where the value is either 0 or 1,
where 1 indicates "masked".
"""
def __init__(self, input_size=192, mask_patch_size=32, model_patch_size=4, mask_ratio=0.6):
self.input_size = input_size
self.mask_patch_size = mask_patch_size
self.model_patch_size = model_patch_size
self.mask_ratio = mask_ratio
if self.input_size % self.mask_patch_size != 0:
raise ValueError("Input size must be divisible by mask patch size")
if self.mask_patch_size % self.model_patch_size != 0:
raise ValueError("Mask patch size must be divisible by model patch size")
self.rand_size = self.input_size // self.mask_patch_size
self.scale = self.mask_patch_size // self.model_patch_size
self.token_count = self.rand_size**2
self.mask_count = int(np.ceil(self.token_count * self.mask_ratio))
def __call__(self):
mask_idx = np.random.permutation(self.token_count)[: self.mask_count]
mask = np.zeros(self.token_count, dtype=int)
mask[mask_idx] = 1
mask = mask.reshape((self.rand_size, self.rand_size))
mask = mask.repeat(self.scale, axis=0).repeat(self.scale, axis=1)
return torch.tensor(mask.flatten())
def collate_fn(examples):
pixel_values = torch.stack([example["pixel_values"] for example in examples])
mask = torch.stack([example["mask"] for example in examples])
return {"pixel_values": pixel_values, "bool_masked_pos": mask}
def main():
# See all possible arguments in src/transformers/training_args.py
# or by passing the --help flag to this script.
# We now keep distinct sets of args, for a cleaner separation of concerns.
parser = HfArgumentParser((ModelArguments, DataTrainingArguments, TrainingArguments))
if len(sys.argv) == 2 and sys.argv[1].endswith(".json"):
# If we pass only one argument to the script and it's the path to a json file,
# let's parse it to get our arguments.
model_args, data_args, training_args = parser.parse_json_file(json_file=os.path.abspath(sys.argv[1]))
else:
model_args, data_args, training_args = parser.parse_args_into_dataclasses()
# Sending telemetry. Tracking the example usage helps us better allocate resources to maintain them. The
# information sent is the one passed as arguments along with your Python/PyTorch versions.
send_example_telemetry("run_mim", model_args, data_args)
# Setup logging
logging.basicConfig(
format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(name)s - %(message)s",
datefmt="%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S",
handlers=[logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout)],
)
if training_args.should_log:
# The default of training_args.log_level is passive, so we set log level at info here to have that default.
transformers.utils.logging.set_verbosity_info()
log_level = training_args.get_process_log_level()
logger.setLevel(log_level)
transformers.utils.logging.set_verbosity(log_level)
transformers.utils.logging.enable_default_handler()
transformers.utils.logging.enable_explicit_format()
# Log on each process the small summary:
logger.warning(
f"Process rank: {training_args.local_rank}, device: {training_args.device}, n_gpu: {training_args.n_gpu}, "
+ f"distributed training: {training_args.parallel_mode.value == 'distributed'}, 16-bits training: {training_args.fp16}"
)
logger.info(f"Training/evaluation parameters {training_args}")
# Detecting last checkpoint.
last_checkpoint = None
if os.path.isdir(training_args.output_dir) and training_args.do_train and not training_args.overwrite_output_dir:
last_checkpoint = get_last_checkpoint(training_args.output_dir)
if last_checkpoint is None and len(os.listdir(training_args.output_dir)) > 0:
raise ValueError(
f"Output directory ({training_args.output_dir}) already exists and is not empty. "
"Use --overwrite_output_dir to overcome."
)
elif last_checkpoint is not None and training_args.resume_from_checkpoint is None:
logger.info(
f"Checkpoint detected, resuming training at {last_checkpoint}. To avoid this behavior, change "
"the `--output_dir` or add `--overwrite_output_dir` to train from scratch."
)
# Initialize our dataset.
ds = load_dataset(
data_args.dataset_name,
data_args.dataset_config_name,
data_files=data_args.data_files,
cache_dir=model_args.cache_dir,
token=model_args.token,
trust_remote_code=model_args.trust_remote_code,
)
# If we don't have a validation split, split off a percentage of train as validation.
data_args.train_val_split = None if "validation" in ds else data_args.train_val_split
if isinstance(data_args.train_val_split, float) and data_args.train_val_split > 0.0:
split = ds["train"].train_test_split(data_args.train_val_split)
ds["train"] = split["train"]
ds["validation"] = split["test"]
# Create config
# Distributed training:
# The .from_pretrained methods guarantee that only one local process can concurrently
# download model & vocab.
config_kwargs = {
"cache_dir": model_args.cache_dir,
"revision": model_args.model_revision,
"token": model_args.token,
"trust_remote_code": model_args.trust_remote_code,
}
if model_args.config_name_or_path:
config = AutoConfig.from_pretrained(model_args.config_name_or_path, **config_kwargs)
elif model_args.model_name_or_path:
config = AutoConfig.from_pretrained(model_args.model_name_or_path, **config_kwargs)
else:
config = CONFIG_MAPPING[model_args.model_type]()
logger.warning("You are instantiating a new config instance from scratch.")
if model_args.config_overrides is not None:
logger.info(f"Overriding config: {model_args.config_overrides}")
config.update_from_string(model_args.config_overrides)
logger.info(f"New config: {config}")
# make sure the decoder_type is "simmim" (only relevant for BEiT)
if hasattr(config, "decoder_type"):
config.decoder_type = "simmim"
# adapt config
model_args.image_size = model_args.image_size if model_args.image_size is not None else config.image_size
model_args.patch_size = model_args.patch_size if model_args.patch_size is not None else config.patch_size
model_args.encoder_stride = (
model_args.encoder_stride if model_args.encoder_stride is not None else config.encoder_stride
)
config.update(
{
"image_size": model_args.image_size,
"patch_size": model_args.patch_size,
"encoder_stride": model_args.encoder_stride,
}
)
# create image processor
if model_args.image_processor_name:
image_processor = AutoImageProcessor.from_pretrained(model_args.image_processor_name, **config_kwargs)
elif model_args.model_name_or_path:
image_processor = AutoImageProcessor.from_pretrained(model_args.model_name_or_path, **config_kwargs)
else:
IMAGE_PROCESSOR_TYPES = {
conf.model_type: image_processor_class for conf, image_processor_class in IMAGE_PROCESSOR_MAPPING.items()
}
image_processor = IMAGE_PROCESSOR_TYPES[model_args.model_type][-1]()
# create model
if model_args.model_name_or_path:
model = AutoModelForMaskedImageModeling.from_pretrained(
model_args.model_name_or_path,
from_tf=bool(".ckpt" in model_args.model_name_or_path),
config=config,
cache_dir=model_args.cache_dir,
revision=model_args.model_revision,
token=model_args.token,
trust_remote_code=model_args.trust_remote_code,
)
else:
logger.info("Training new model from scratch")
model = AutoModelForMaskedImageModeling.from_config(config, trust_remote_code=model_args.trust_remote_code)
if training_args.do_train:
column_names = ds["train"].column_names
else:
column_names = ds["validation"].column_names
if data_args.image_column_name is not None:
image_column_name = data_args.image_column_name
elif "image" in column_names:
image_column_name = "image"
elif "img" in column_names:
image_column_name = "img"
else:
image_column_name = column_names[0]
# transformations as done in original SimMIM paper
# source: https://github.com/microsoft/SimMIM/blob/main/data/data_simmim.py
transforms = Compose(
[
Lambda(lambda img: img.convert("RGB") if img.mode != "RGB" else img),
RandomResizedCrop(model_args.image_size, scale=(0.67, 1.0), ratio=(3.0 / 4.0, 4.0 / 3.0)),
RandomHorizontalFlip(),
ToTensor(),
Normalize(mean=image_processor.image_mean, std=image_processor.image_std),
]
)
# create mask generator
mask_generator = MaskGenerator(
input_size=model_args.image_size,
mask_patch_size=data_args.mask_patch_size,
model_patch_size=model_args.patch_size,
mask_ratio=data_args.mask_ratio,
)
def preprocess_images(examples):
"""Preprocess a batch of images by applying transforms + creating a corresponding mask, indicating
which patches to mask."""
examples["pixel_values"] = [transforms(image) for image in examples[image_column_name]]
examples["mask"] = [mask_generator() for i in range(len(examples[image_column_name]))]
return examples
if training_args.do_train:
if "train" not in ds:
raise ValueError("--do_train requires a train dataset")
if data_args.max_train_samples is not None:
ds["train"] = ds["train"].shuffle(seed=training_args.seed).select(range(data_args.max_train_samples))
# Set the training transforms
ds["train"].set_transform(preprocess_images)
if training_args.do_eval:
if "validation" not in ds:
raise ValueError("--do_eval requires a validation dataset")
if data_args.max_eval_samples is not None:
ds["validation"] = (
ds["validation"].shuffle(seed=training_args.seed).select(range(data_args.max_eval_samples))
)
# Set the validation transforms
ds["validation"].set_transform(preprocess_images)
# Initialize our trainer
trainer = Trainer(
model=model,
args=training_args,
train_dataset=ds["train"] if training_args.do_train else None,
eval_dataset=ds["validation"] if training_args.do_eval else None,
processing_class=image_processor,
data_collator=collate_fn,
)
# Training
if training_args.do_train:
checkpoint = None
if training_args.resume_from_checkpoint is not None:
checkpoint = training_args.resume_from_checkpoint
elif last_checkpoint is not None:
checkpoint = last_checkpoint
train_result = trainer.train(resume_from_checkpoint=checkpoint)
trainer.save_model()
trainer.log_metrics("train", train_result.metrics)
trainer.save_metrics("train", train_result.metrics)
trainer.save_state()
# Evaluation
if training_args.do_eval:
metrics = trainer.evaluate()
trainer.log_metrics("eval", metrics)
trainer.save_metrics("eval", metrics)
# Write model card and (optionally) push to hub
kwargs = {
"finetuned_from": model_args.model_name_or_path,
"tasks": "masked-image-modeling",
"dataset": data_args.dataset_name,
"tags": ["masked-image-modeling"],
}
if training_args.push_to_hub:
trainer.push_to_hub(**kwargs)
else:
trainer.create_model_card(**kwargs)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()